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    Percentage-by-Mass Composition of A Compound

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    yeye
    The document discusses percentage by mass composition of compounds, which is the percent of the total mass of a compound made up of each element. It provides examples of calculating the percentage composition of ethanol (C2H5OH) by determining the mass of each element using molar mass and mole ratios from the chemical formula, then dividing by the total molar mass and converting to a percentage. The percentage composition by mass is always the same for a given compound.

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    Percentage-by-Mass Composition of A Compound

    Uploaded by

    yeye
    40 views10 pages
    The document discusses percentage by mass composition of compounds, which is the percent of the total mass of a compound made up of each element. It provides examples of calculating the percentage composition of ethanol (C2H5OH) by determining the mass of each element using molar mass and mole ratios from the chemical formula, then dividing by the total molar mass and converting to a percentage. The percentage composition by mass is always the same for a given compound.

    Original Description:

    percentage by mass computations

    Original Title

    Percentge by Mass

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    The document discusses percentage by mass composition of compounds, which is the percent of the total mass of a compound made up of each element. It provides examples of calculating the percentage composition of ethanol (C2H5OH) by determining the mass of each element using molar mass and mole ratios from the chemical formula, then dividing by the total molar mass and converting to a percentage. The percentage composition by mass is always the same for a given compound.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    40 views10 pages

    Percentage-by-Mass Composition of A Compound

    Uploaded by

    yeye
    The document discusses percentage by mass composition of compounds, which is the percent of the total mass of a compound made up of each element. It provides examples of calculating the percentage composition of ethanol (C2H5OH) by determining the mass of each element using molar mass and mole ratios from the chemical formula, then dividing by the total molar mass and converting to a percentage. The percentage composition by mass is always the same for a given compound.

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    Percentage-by-Mass

    Composition of a Compound
    Objectives

    Be able to compute for the percentage by mass of an element.

    Understand how percentage by mass works in a chemical formula.


    Have accuracy and precision in computing for the percentage by mass of an element in the
    compound.
    There are two different ways to describe the composition of a compound: in terms of its
    constituent atoms (like C2H6), and in terms of the percentages (by mass) of its elements.

    When showing the constituent atoms of a molecule, you can either show the chemical formula,
    which shows the real number of atoms in the molecule (like C2H6), or show the empirical formula,
    which merely shows their relative amounts in the substance, so the above could be expressed as
    CH3.

    One has to remember that the proportion (by mass) of the elements in a given
    compound is always the same.
    Antoine Laurent
    Lavoisier
    French chemist

    Wrote that burning is a fast chemical combination of the


    burning substances with oxygen in the air.

    Formulated the Law of Conservation of Mass, which


    states that the total mass of reactants is equal to the total
    mass of products.
    Edward W. Morley
    American physicist

    Tested the laws by combining volumes of hydrogen and


    oxygen and found the ratio of one to the other was
    2.0005. Hence, all samples of water fare composed of
    11.186% H and 88.814% O.
    Percentage Composition

    Is the percent in total mass of a compound that is due to that component.

    Can be determined through experiments or simply by making use of the information supplied in the
    formula of the compound

    Using stoichiometry, we can determine the percentage of a substance in a compound following


    these procedures:

    1. Find the molar mass of the compound.


    2. Calculate the mass due to the component in the compound.
    3. Divide the mass due to the component by the total molar mass of the
    compound and multiply by 100%
    Percentage Composition =
    Mass due to specific component x 100%
    Total molar mass of the compound .
    Sample Problem:

    Ethanol or ethyl alcohol is a straight-chain alcohol with a formula C2H5OH. What is the percentage
    composition of each component on the compound?

    There are 2 moles of carbon, 6 moles of hydrogen, and 1 mole of oxygen.

    Mass of C = 2 mol x 12.02g/1 mol = 24.02 g C


    Mass of H = 6 mol x 1.01g/1 mol = 6.06 g H
    Mass of O = 1 mol x 16.00g/1 mol = 16.00 g O
    Mass of 1 mol of C2H5OH = 46.08 g
    Sample Problem:

    Ethanol or ethyl alcohol is a straight-chain alcohol with a formula C2H5OH. What is the percentage
    composition of each component on the compound?

    There are 2 moles of carbon, 6 moles of hydrogen, and 1 mole of oxygen.

    Mass percent of C = 24.02 g/46.08 g x 100 = 52.13%


    Mass percent of H = 6.06 g/46.08 g x 100 = 13.15%
    Mass percent of O = 16.00 g/46.08 g x 100 = 34.72%
    Assessment

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