Introduction To Psychology

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What is Psychology?
Science and Issues

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What is ‘Psychology’?
 Ancient Greek psukhe + logos
 Modern psyche + ology
 “Science of the Mind and Human Behavior”
 Mind interacts with behavior, and vice versa
 Many schools of thought and research
methods in psychology

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What is ‘Psychology’?
 “Mind” vs. “Brain”
 Can’t see cognition
and mental operation
 Brain is physically
observable through EEG/ERP
fMRI, PET, MRI, MEG
 Is the mind simply a byproduct of physical
brain activity?

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Is it all “Mind and Behavior”?
 Many sciences contribute to psychology

Biology

Medicine Linguistics

Psychology
Computer
Sociology
Science

Chemistry

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Is it all “Mind and Behavior”?
 Many factors influence behavior
 Behavior can be studied different levels

Environmental Level

Behavior-X

Biological/Physiological
Psychological Level
Level

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Is it all “Mind and Behavior”?
 Example: Factors underlying alcoholism?
Biological Factors Psychological Factors

“Behavior”
Alcoholism
Other Factors Environmental Factors

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Areas of Psychological Research
 Basic Research
 Controlled laboratory
 Basic, fundamental problems

 Applied Research
 Realisticsettings
 Solving practical problems

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Areas of Psychological Research
Basic Research Areas Applied Research Areas
Physiological Research Health Psychology
Behavior Analysis School Psychology
Behavior Genetics Consumer Psychology
Comparative Psychology Community Psychology
Cognitive Neuroscience Clinical Neuropsychology
Developmental Psychology Organizational Psychology
Social Psychology Engineering Psychology
Personality Psychology Forensic Psychology
Evolutionary Psychology
Clinical Psychology
Cross-Cultural Psychology
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Big Questions in Psychology
 “Mind-Body Debate”
 “Is the mind physical or non-physical?”
 Can non-physical control physical
 “Nature-Nurture Debate”
 Internal
(genetic) vs. external (learning)
influences
 “How do you quantify mental processes?”

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Goals of Psychology
 Ultimate goal is to explain some behavior
 Describing the Behavior
 Identifying Potential Causes
 Predicting the Behavior

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Why Study Psychology?
 What could be more interesting than how
we (humans) function?!?!
 Increases awareness of yours and others’
behaviors
 Topics span many disciplines
 Is a vary challenging topic
 Teaches and requires critical thinking

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