Expressionism

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EXPRESSIONISM

“Expressionism” was a modernist


movement, initially in poetry and
painting, originating in Germany
at the beginning of the 20th
century.
Its typical trait is to present the
world solely from a subjective
perspective, distorting it radically
for emotional effect in order to
evoke moods or ideas.
It used atonality and the twelve-
tone scale, lacking stable and
conventional harmonies. It served
as a medium for expressing strong
emotions, such as anxiety, rage,
and alienation.
The style extended to a wide
range of the arts, including
expressionist architecture,
painting, literature, theatre,
dance, film and music.
The term expressionism was
probably first applied to music in
1918.
Characteristics Of
Expressionism In
Music
* episodic, fragmentary form and
structure
* abrupt musical language
* clashing dissonances
* interest in common man
* tonality, triadic harmony, and
consonance vs. dissonance are
not valid anymore
* abstract procedures
* great emotional intensity
Famous
Expressionists
Arnold Schoenberg
Arnold Franz Walter
Schoenberg or Schönberg was a
famous Austrian expressionist
composer, music theorist, and
painter.
His works include the following:
• Verklarte Nacht, Three Pieces for Piano, op. 11
• Pierrot Lunaire
• Gurreleider
• Verkarte Nacht (Transfigured Night, 1899)
- one of his earliest successful pieces, which
blends the lyricism, instrumentation, and
melodic beauty of Brahms with the
chromaticism and construction of Wagner.
Anton Webern
Anton Friedrich Wilhelm Webern was
an Austrian composer and conductor.
Along with his mentor Arnold
Schoenberg and his colleague Alban
Berg, Webern was in the core of those
in the circle of the Second Viennese
School, including Ernst
Krenek and Theodor W. Adorno.
His works include the following:
• Six Pieces for large orchestra, op. 6
• Langsamer Satz (slow movement) for string
quartet
• Passacaglia for orchestra, op. 1
• Quartet for violin, clarinet, tenor saxophone
and piano, op. 22
Alban Berg
Alban Maria Johannes Berg was
an Austrian composer of
the Second Viennese School. His
compositional style
combined Romantic lyricism
with twelve-tone technique.
His works include the following:
• Violin Concerto

• Piano Sonata, op. 1

• String Quartet, op. 3

• Wozzeck, op. 7

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