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Situation: Read the following then answer question #1.
Nita doesn’t enjoy writing but can’t escape from it. She
has to finish it in order to graduate.
Greta has always liked to write. She really likes to
become a better writer because she wants to be a journalist
someday.
1.Who is likely to be more focused on the writing activity and
why?
a. Greta, because she is intrinsically motivated.
b. Nita, because she is extrinsically motivated.
c. Both, because they are both motivated anyway.
d. It cannot be determined. Motivation fluctuates.
2. What is/are more likely to happen when a student gets
intrinsically motivated?
I. Tackles assigned task willingly
II. Eager to learn classroom material
III. Engaged in meaningful learning
a. I, II and III c. I and II
b. I and III d. II and III

3. Which apply/applies to extrinsically motivated learners?
I. Tend to process information superficially
II. Tend to be content with meeting minimum
requirements
III. Achieve at high level
a. I and II c. I and III
b. II only d. I only
Read the following then answer questions 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.
Ask to do a learning task, Joe hesitates and says “Mahirap.

Ayaw ko. ‘Di ko kaya!” (It’s difficult. I don’t like it. I can’t do it.)
4. Which statement about Joe is CORRECT?

a. Has a low sense of self-efficacy
b. Has a high sense of self-efficacy
c. Has no sense of self-efficacy
d. Wants to be sure of his self-fficacy
5. Which drive can motivate him to perform the learning
task? The drive to ______.
a. achieve c. affiliate
b. have power d. to be free

6. To which factor can you attribute his perceived
inability to perform the task? To a factor _______.
I. within him III. which is stable

II. outside his control IV. within his control
a. I and IV c. I only
b. II and III d. IV only

7. Is it possible to motivate this kind of student?
a. Yes, he can do something with his ability.

b. Yes, he can change the nature of the job.
c. No, it is impossible to motivate a student who
himself is not motivated.
d. No, motivation is totally dependent on the student.
No person outside him can influence him.
8. To which problem does the case of the student allude?
I. Unmotivated students
II. Uncaring teachers
III. Extremely difficult learning tasks
IV. Incompetent teachers
a. I and III c. II and III
b. I and II d. I, II and III

Read and answer # 9-13.
Principal A wants her teachers to be constructivist in
their teaching orientation.
9. Which does he/she want his/her teachers to do?

a. Make her students derive meaning from what is
presented.
b. Give the meaning of what she presents.
c. Let her students construct meaningful sentences
based on the lesson.
d. Require her students to come up with a construct
of the lesson.
10. Which one should teachers then avoid?
Students’ _____________.
a. reflection
b. memorization of facts for testing
c. inquiry
d. self-directed learning
11. Which material will teachers most likely use?
a. Facts c. Time-tested principles
b. Laws d. Hypotheses
12. Which material will teachers most likely AVOID?
a. Controversial issues
b. Unquestionable laws
c. Open-ended topics
d. Problems or cases
13. On which assumption/s is the principal’s action
anchored?
I. Students learn by personally constructing meaning

of what is taught.
II. Students construct and reconstruct meanings based
on experiences.
III. Students derive meaning from the meaning that
teacher gives.
a. I and III c. I and II
b. I only d. II only
14. What do the school campus expressions “promdi” and
“barriotic” indicate?
a. The powerlessness of the poor

b. Low literacy rate of the country
c. The power of the rich
d. The prevalence of ethnocentrism
15. Professor B once said: “We talk of developing critical
thinking among our students, but when they disagree
with us, we get offended.” To which Filipino trait does this
point?
a. Inquisitiveness of the Filipino Youth

b. The lack of seriousness among Filipinos
c. Extreme authoritarianism
d. lack of subjectivity
16. Between pursuing a college course where there is no
demand and a vocational course which is highly in
demand, the students usually opt for the college course.
Which Filipino value is demonstrated?
a. Importance of education
b. Penchant for a college diploma
c. Desire for entrepreneurship
d. Interest to obtain skill
17. Lecturer C narrates: “I observe that when there is an
English-speaking foreigner in class, more often that not,
his classmates perceive him to be superior.” To which
Filipino trait does this point?
a. Hospitality
b. Friendliness
c. Colonial mentality
d. Lack of confidence
18. To ensure that all Filipino children functionally
literate, which mechanism is meant to reach out to
children who come from a barangay without a school?
a. Mobile teacher
b. Multi-level classroom
c. Multi-grade classroom
d. Sine Eskwela
19. Which program of the Department of Education is an
offshoot of the Filipino bayanihan spirit?
a. Every Child A Reader Program (ECARP)

b. Brigada Eskwela
c. Child-Friendly School System
d. The Basic Education Curriculum
20. Which developmental principle is NOT TRUE?
a. Children’s development is a function of

environment and heredity.
b. Children develop at different rates.
c. Children develop in a predictable manner.
d. Children develop skills and abilities in an
unpredictable manner.
21. Which type of parenting style is most beneficial to the
development of children, according to research?
a. Authoritarian
b. Permissive
c. Authoritative
d. Uninvolved
22. According to Erikson, what years are critical for the
development of self-confidence?
a. High school years

b. Elementary years
c. Preschool years
d. College years
23. At the high school level, Kohlberg’s advice to teachers
is for them to begin discussing with students about
abstract principles such as justice and human rights. On
the average, in which moral developmental stage are high
school students supposed to be?
a. Post conventional stage

b. Conventional stage
c. In between conventional and
post conventional stage
d. That depends on the school culture
24. What is the ideal stage of moral development?
a. Social contract
b. Universal ethical principle
c. Law and order
d. Good boy/good girl
25. Based on Freud’s theory, which operate/s when a
student strikes a classmate at the height of anger?
a. Ego
b. Superego
c. Id
d. Id and Ego interact
26. “Do not cheat. Cheating does not pay. If you do, you
cheat yourself” says the voiceless voice from within you.”
In the context of Freud’s theory, which is/are at work?
a. Id
b. Superego
c. Ego
d. Id and Ego interact
27. What is referred to as the “looking glass self”
of Cooley?
a. It is how I look at myself through the eyes

of others.
b. it is how others look at myself.
c. it is how others affect me.
d. it is how I influence others.
28. You will understand when a preschool boy asserts
that two rows of five coins similarly spaced have equal
amounts; but when one row is spread out so that it is
longer than the other, he says it has more coins. Based
on Piaget’s theory, which ability does he lack?
a. Multiple classification
b. Perspective taking
c. reversibility
d. Conservation
29. When asked about her order, a little girl tells the
waiter “yong kagaya kahapon.” With Piaget’s theory in
mind, what is the little girl’s behavior called?
a. Pre-operational egocentrism
b. Conservation
c. Reversibility
d. Transductive reasoning
30. In the context of Piaget’s theory, answer this analogy:
Preoperational stage: Transductive reasoning
Concrete operational stage: ________________.
a. Proportional reasoning
b. Deductive reasoning
c. Inductive reasoning
d. Logical reasoning
31. In which order does cognitive development proceed,
according to Piaget?
I. Formal operations stage
II. Sensorimotor stage
III. Preoperational stage
IV. Concrete operations stage
a. II, III, IV, I

b. II, III, I, IV
c. II, I, III, IV
d. II, I, IV, III
32. Teacher H begins a lesson on tumbling by
demonstrating front and back somersaults in slow motion
and physically guiding his students through the correct
movements. As his students become more skillful, he
stands back from the mat and gives verbal feedback about
how to improve. With Vygotsky’s theory in mind, what did
Teacher H do?
a. Guided participation
b. Peer interaction
c. Apprenticeship
d. Scaffolding
33. Which is essential in the cognitive development of
persons according to Vygotsky?
a. Independent thinking
b. Social interaction
c. Individual mental work
d. Scientific thinking
34. Teacher X asked her students to describe how their
families celebrate holidays. Students can discover that
people celebrate holidays differently. Which principle in
cognitive development governs Teacher X’s teaching
activity?
a. Social interaction is essential for cognitive

development.
b. Children often think in different ways at
different ages.
c. Cognitive development involves relating new
information to prior knowledge.
d. Children actively construct their knowledge.
35. Social exposure to various cultures expands a child’s
pool of knowledge. Which statements go/es with this
sentence?
I. The less experiences a child has, the more
disciplined he/she becomes.
II. The more experiences a child has, the richer
his/her world becomes.
III. The more selective parents in the exposure of
their child, the more challenged the child becomes.
a. I only c. I and II
b. II only d. III only

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Situation: Read the following then answer question #1.

a. I, II and III c. I and II

b. I and III d. II and III

a. I and II c. I and III

Ask to do a learning task, Joe hesitates and says “Mahirap.

4. Which statement about Joe is CORRECT?

b. have power d. to be free

I. within him III. which is stable

b. II and III d. IV only

a. Yes, he can do something with his ability.

a. I and III c. II and III

b. I and II d. I, II and III

9. Which does he/she want his/her teachers to do?

a. Facts c. Time-tested principles

I. Students learn by personally constructing meaning

a. I and III c. I and II

a. The powerlessness of the poor

a. Inquisitiveness of the Filipino Youth

a. Every Child A Reader Program (ECARP)

a. Children’s development is a function of

a. High school years

a. Post conventional stage

a. It is how I look at myself through the eyes

a. II, III, IV, I

a. Social interaction is essential for cognitive

b. II only d. III only

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