Psychosexual and Psychosocial Development

SIGMUND FREUD
PRESENTED BY:
GROUP 1
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
• According to him, personality is

mostly established by the age of five,
Early experiences play a large role
in personality development and
continue to influence behavior later
in life.
• Freud believed that personality
develops through a series of
childhood stages during which the
pleasure-seeking energies of the id
become focused on certain
erogenous areas. This psychosexual
energy, or libido (sex drive), was
described as the driving force 2
behind behavior.
Sigmund Freud
• Fixation refers to the theoretical

notion that a portion of the
individual's libido has been
permanently 'invested' in a
particular stage of his
development. It is assumed that
some libido is permanently
invested in each psychosexual
stage and thus each person will
behave in some ways that are
characteristic of infancy, or early
childhood. 3
• Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer
ADD A FOOTER 4
adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue
massa
• In this stage the infant obtains sensual pleasure
first by sucking and later by biting. The center of
libido is mouth.
• The mouth is vital for eating, and the infant
derives pleasure from oral stimulation through
gratifying activities such as tasting and sucking.
• Also the infant is entirely dependent upon
caretakers, the infant also develops a sense of
trust and comfort through this oral stimulation.
And Freud said oral stimulation could lead to an
oral fixation in later life. 5
ADD A FOOTER
• Helpful
• Feeding and contact with the mother.
• Mouthing new objects.
• Relief of teething by biting.
• A conflict at this stage occurs with a child being
weaned off the mother’s breast.
ADD A FOOTER
• The region around the anus become highly
sensitive to the stimulation of “holding on” and
“letting go”.
• Freud believed that the primary focus of the libido
was on controlling bladder and bowel movements.
• The major conflict at this stage is toilet training, the
child has to learn to control his or her bodily
needs.
• Developing this control leads to a sense of
accomplishment and independence.
7
• Toilet training is child’s first encounter with
authority. ADD A FOOTER
•First part of this stage involves
pleasure from expulsion of
feces; latter part involves
pleasure from retention.
ADD A FOOTER
• The child grow more interested in their genitals.
At this age, children also begin to discover the
differences between males and females.
• In this stage, the focus of libido, where pleasure is
found, is in:
-Awareness of sexual organs
-Love-hate relationship with the same-sex parent
• Some critical episodes for development occur
during this stage, but these episodes occur
differently for boys (Oedipus complex) and girls
(Electra complex). 9
ADD A FOOTER
• Occurs in boys
• Desire for stimulation or masturbation of his own
genitals.
• Have sexual/sensual desires for his mother.
• Boys begin to view their fathers as a rival for the
mother’s affections. The Oedipus complex
describes these feelings of wanting to possess the
mother and the desire to replace the father.
• The child also fears that he will be punished by the
father for these feelings, a fear Freud termed
10
Castration anxiety.
• Starts identifying with father. ADD A FOOTER
• Identification with father
• Reduces anxiety.
• Behave like his father.
• Take up his ideas of right and wrong.
• Tries to dress like his father.
11
ADD A FOOTER
• Occur in girls.
• Attracted toward their father.
• Notice that she does not have the sex organs like
her father and brother.
• Feeling of being castrated by her mother which
makes her angry and she starts devaluating his
mother.
• Still identify with her mother with the feeling that
by doing so she will stand better chance in her own
“romantic relationship”.
12
ADD A FOOTER
•Identification with mother in girls
being with feeling that by doing so
she will stand better chance in her
own “romantic relationship”.
•It is well said saying “A father is a
daughter’s first love”
13
ADD A FOOTER
• At this stage, sexual drive lay dominant. The
stage begins around the time that children enter
into school and become more concerned with
peer relationships, hobbies and other interests.
• Sexual energy is still present, but it is directed
into other areas such as intellectual pursuits and
social interactions.
• Child usually has few opposite sex friends.
• This stage is important in the development of
social and communication skills and self- 14
confidence.
ADD A FOOTER
• Marked by puberty.
• Mature heterosexual interests appears.
• A person becomes interested in dating and marriage.
• The more libidinal energy that a child has at this
stage, the greater his or her capacity will be to
develop normal relationships with the opposite sex.
• If the other stages have been completed successfully,
the individual should now be well-balanced, warm
and caring. The goal of this stage is to establish a
balance between the various of life areas.
15
ADD A FOOTER
NEXT TOPIC
16
ERIK ERIKSON
PRESENTED BY:
GROUP 1 17
Erik Erikson
(1902-1994)
• Erik Erikson proposed that we all
encounter certain crises that
contribute to our psychosocial growth
throughout our lifespan. He
presented these crises as eight stages
of psychosocial conflicts, often known
as Erik Erikson’s stages of
psychosocial development.
• At each stage, the individual deals
with a conflict that serves as a turning
point in development. When the
conflict is resolved successfully, the
person is able to develop the
psychosocial quality associated with 18
that particular stage of development.
ERIK ERIKSON’S STAGES OF PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
STAGES BASIC CONFLICT IMPORTANT OUTCOME
EVENTS
Children develop a sense of trust when caregivers
Trust vs. Mistrust Feeding provide reliability, care and affection. A lack of this will
lead to mistrust.
Early Childhood Autonomy vs. Shame Toilet Training Children need to develop a sense of personal control
over physical skills and a sense independence. Success
(2-3 years) and doubt leads to feelings of autonomy, failure results in feelings of
shame and doubt.
Preschool (3- Exploration Children need to begin asserting control and power over
Initiative vs. Guilt the environment. Success in this stage leads to a sense of
5 years) purpose. Children who try to exert too much power
experience disapproval, resulting in a sense of guilt.
School Age Industry vs. Children need to cope with new social and academic
School 19
demands. Success leads to sense of competence, while
(6-11 years) Inferiority failure resulting in feelings of inferiority.
ERIK ERIKSON’S STAGES OF PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
STAGES BASIC CONFLICT IMPORTANT OUTCOME
EVENTS
Teens need to develop a sense of self and personal
Identity vs. Role Social identity. Success leads to an ability to stay true to
Confusion Relationships yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and a weak
sense of self.
Young Young adults need to form intimate, loving relationships
Intimacy vs. Relationships with other people. Success leads to strong relationships,
Adulthood
(19-40 years) Isolation while failure results in loneliness and isolation.
Middle Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast

Generativity vs. Work and them, often by having children or creating a positive
Adulthood Stagnation Parenthood change that benefits other people. Success leads to
(40-65 years) feelings of usefulness and accomplishment, while failure
results in shallow involvement in the world.
20
Maturity Older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of
Integrity vs. Reflection on fulfillment. Success at this stage leads to feelings of
(65-Death) Despair Life wisdom, while failure results in regret, bitterness and
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!
Group 1:
 Rizza M. Pacheo
 Geraldine Espinoza
 Chester Ceriola Pamiloza

Psychosexual and Psychosocial Development

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Psychosexual and Psychosocial Development

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Psychosexual and Psychosocial Development

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

SIGMUND FREUD

• According to him, personality is

• Fixation refers to the theoretical

Middle Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast

You might also like