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    Evolution of ICT

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    Ghlaire Siongco
    The document summarizes the evolution of information and communication technology (ICT) through four main periods: premechanical, mechanical, electromechanical, and electronic. In the premechanical period, humans began communicating with pictograms, developed writing systems, and invented paper, books, and the abacus. The mechanical period saw early calculating devices like the Pascaline and analytical engine. The electromechanical period introduced the telegraph and telephone. Finally, the electronic period revolutionized computing with the invention of transistors, integrated circuits, and computers.

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    Evolution of ICT

    Uploaded by

    Ghlaire Siongco
    691 views11 pages
    The document summarizes the evolution of information and communication technology (ICT) through four main periods: premechanical, mechanical, electromechanical, and electronic. In the premechanical period, humans began communicating with pictograms, developed writing systems, and invented paper, books, and the abacus. The mechanical period saw early calculating devices like the Pascaline and analytical engine. The electromechanical period introduced the telegraph and telephone. Finally, the electronic period revolutionized computing with the invention of transistors, integrated circuits, and computers.

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    The document summarizes the evolution of information and communication technology (ICT) through four main periods: premechanical, mechanical, electromechanical, and electronic. In the premechanical period, humans began communicating with pictograms, developed writing systems, and invented paper, books, and the abacus. The mechanical period saw early calculating devices like the Pascaline and analytical engine. The electromechanical period introduced the telegraph and telephone. Finally, the electronic period revolutionized computing with the invention of transistors, integrated circuits, and computers.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    691 views11 pages

    Evolution of ICT

    Uploaded by

    Ghlaire Siongco
    The document summarizes the evolution of information and communication technology (ICT) through four main periods: premechanical, mechanical, electromechanical, and electronic. In the premechanical period, humans began communicating with pictograms, developed writing systems, and invented paper, books, and the abacus. The mechanical period saw early calculating devices like the Pascaline and analytical engine. The electromechanical period introduced the telegraph and telephone. Finally, the electronic period revolutionized computing with the invention of transistors, integrated circuits, and computers.

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    Empowerment Technologies

    Evolution of ICT

    • The beginning of ICT can be traced back when humans


    started to use objects to communicate with one another.

    • There are four main periods in history that divide the era
    of ICT, namely, the premechanical, mechanical,
    electromechanical, and electronic periods.

    • We are now greatly involved with the electromechanical


    and electronic period.
    Premechanical Period

    • Can be traced back thousands of years ago, around


    3,000 BCE to 1,450 CE.
    • During this time, humans started communicating with one
    another using words and pictograms curved in rocks.
    Then they started to write symbols as substitutes for
    pictures to depict ideas, objects, and animals.
    • This gave rise to our modern-day alphabets.
    • Stone tablets were often used, and soon realized that it
    was too heavy and bulky for humans bring about to
    another place.
    Premechanical Period

    • With the growing and becoming enormous of information,


    stone tablets were impractical.
    • Then paper was finally produced from the papyrus plant,
    storing of information was revolutionized.
    • With the birth of the papers, information were bound
    together which gave birth to our books.
    • And when books were made, Libraries came to existense.
    Libraries were considered to be the first Data centers in
    history.
    Premechanical Period

    • Soon after the creation of papers, books and


    libraries...humans began to optimize and invent devices
    and techniques in counting. The most popular device
    created in this period is said to have come from CHINA --
    the Abacus.
    • The Abacus is a manually operated device similar to the
    modern calculator. This was considered as the first device
    to process information.
    Mechanical Period
    • This period served as the bridge between our current period and
    the premechanical period.
    • This period started around 1450 - 1840. During this time, the
    interest in automating and speeding up numerical calculations
    grew.
    • This period also concentrated primarily on development of
    machines that will enhance calculation speed.
    • One of the highlights of this period is the advent of the mechanical
    calculator called the Pascaline, which was invented by the famous
    mathematician inventor Blaise Pascal along with Wilhelm
    Schickard.
    Mechanical Period

    • The Pascaline also inspired other inventors to automate counting


    and calculations. One of these inventors was Charles Babbage a
    mathematician. He invented the Analytical Engine, which is
    considered the first programmable mechanical computer.
    • This invention earned Babbage the title “Father of the
    Computers.”
    Electromechanical Period
    • This period ushered in a new age in communications and
    information. This period started around 1840 - 1940.
    • The use of electricity for information handling and transfer
    bloomed. The need and the urgency to share information with one
    another in a faster yet reliable manner over long distance
    aroused.

    • This period saw the use of the telegraph to transmi information


    over long distances.
    • The information is coded in sounds of dots, spaces, and dashes
    over wired (and eventually wireless) media. An example of this is
    through the use of Morse codes.
    Electromechanical Period
    • With the telegraph invented, the telephone was later invented.
    Enabling voice transmission over long distances. The first
    commercial telephone was made by Alexander Graham Bell in
    1876.
    • Likewise, humans started to control electricity using vacuum tubes
    in devices that eventually led to the development of today's
    electronic gadgets.
    Eletronical Period

    • The last period in ICT history is the electronic period. This started
    in the 1940's and continues to the present time.
    • This period focused on the advent of solid state devices or
    electronical devices.
    • The four main events found this period are the late vacuum tubes
    periods, transistors period, integrated circuit period, and the
    computer processors period.
    Eletronical Period
    • Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC), the first
    electronic and general purpose computer, marked a revolutionary
    period in computing. ENIAC was a big machine occupied a 167
    square meters.

    • In 1947, the transistor was invented. Lightweigt and much faster


    than those of electronic vacuum tubes. You can find a transistor
    for every electronic device.
    • The first full transistor computer was developed in 1957 and was
    faster than vacuum computers.

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