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    Abdominal Assessment

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    Wulan
    This document provides guidance on assessing the abdomen through inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpation. It describes how to divide the abdomen into quadrants and nine regions. Key organs and structures located in each quadrant are identified. The preparation, examination techniques, and specific assessment tests for abdominal pain are outlined. Contraindications to abdominal palpation are also noted.

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    Abdominal Assessment

    Uploaded by

    Wulan
    131 views30 pages
    This document provides guidance on assessing the abdomen through inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpation. It describes how to divide the abdomen into quadrants and nine regions. Key organs and structures located in each quadrant are identified. The preparation, examination techniques, and specific assessment tests for abdominal pain are outlined. Contraindications to abdominal palpation are also noted.

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    ABDOMINAL ASSESSMENT.ppt

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    This document provides guidance on assessing the abdomen through inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpation. It describes how to divide the abdomen into quadrants and nine regions. Key organs and structures located in each quadrant are identified. The preparation, examination techniques, and specific assessment tests for abdominal pain are outlined. Contraindications to abdominal palpation are also noted.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    131 views30 pages

    Abdominal Assessment

    Uploaded by

    Wulan
    This document provides guidance on assessing the abdomen through inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpation. It describes how to divide the abdomen into quadrants and nine regions. Key organs and structures located in each quadrant are identified. The preparation, examination techniques, and specific assessment tests for abdominal pain are outlined. Contraindications to abdominal palpation are also noted.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 30

    ABDOMINAL ASSESSMENT

    SUBDIVISION OF ABDOMEN
     RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT - RUQ

     RIGHT LOWER QUADRANT - RLQ

     LEFT UPPER QUADRANT - LUQ

     LEFT LOWER QUADRANT - LLQ


    ABDOMINAL QUADRANT
    NINE REGIONS
    1. Epigastric
    2. Umbilical
    3. Pubic
    4. Right hypocandriac
    5. Left hypocandriac
    6. Right lumbar
    7. Left lumbar
    8. Right iliac
    9. Left iliac
    RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT
     LIVER
     GALLBLADDER
     DUODENUM
     HEAD OF PANCREAS
     RIGHT KIDNEY AND ADRENAL
     HEPATIC FLEXURE OF COLON
     PART OF ASCENDING AND
    TRANSVERSE COLON
    LEFT UPPER QUADRANT
     STOMACH
     SPLEEN
     LEFT LOBE OF LIVER
     BODY OF PANCREAS
     LEFT KIDNEY AND ADRENAL
     SPLENIC FLEXURE OF COLON
     PARTS OF TRANSVERSE AND
    DESCENDING COLON
    RIGHT LOWER QUADRANT
     CECUM
     APPENDIX
     RIGHT OVARY AND TUBE
     RIGHT URETER
    LEFT LOWER QUADRANT
     PART OF DESCENDING COLON
     SIGMOID COLON
     LEFT OVARY AND TUBE
     LEFT URETER
    PREPARATION
     EQUIPMENT - STETHOSCOPE,
    MARKING PEN, RULER
     PATIENT LIE ON BACK, PILLOW
    UNDER HEAD, KNEES SLIGHTLY
    FLEXED
     EMPTY BLADDER
     SHORT FINGERNAILS
    HISTORY QUESTIONS
     PAIN IN ABDOMEN
     CHANGE IN APPETITE
     CHEWING AND SWALLOWING
    PROBLEMS
     HEARTBURN
     NAUSEA, VOMITING, REGURITATION
     RECTAL BLEEDING
    HISTORY QUESTIONS
     ELIMINATION
     HEMORRHOIDS
     VOIDING DIFFICULTY
     PREVIOUS SURGERY
     WEIGHT GAIN OR LOSS
     TYPE OF DIET
     MEDICATIONS
    SEQUENCE OF ASSESSMENT
     INSPECTION
     AUSCULTATION
     PERCUSSION
     PALPATION
    INSPECTION
     ENTIRE PATIENT
     SKIN
     a. PIGMENTATION
     b. LESIONS
     c. STRIAE
     d. TURGOR
     SUPERFICIAL VESSELS
    ABDOMINAL STRIAE
    INSPECTION
     HAIR DISTRIBUTION
     UMBILICUS
     CONTOUR
     a. FLAT
     b. ROUNDED
     c. SCAPHOID
     d. PROTUBERANT (DISTENDED)
     PERISTALSIS
    ABDOMINAL CONTOURS
    AUSCULTATION
     ACTIVE BOWEL SOUNDS 5-30/MIN
     HYPOACTIVE 4/MIN OR LESS
     HYPERACTIVE 30 OR MORE /MIN
     BRUITS
     a. AORTA
     b. RENAL
     c. ILIAC
     FRICTION RUB
    PERCUSSION
     TO DETERMINE THE SIZE OF SOLID
    ORGANS AND PRESENCE OF MASSES,
    FLUID AND GAS
     TYMPANIC SOUND
     PERCUSS IN ALL FOUR QUADRANTS
     PERCUSS FOR LIVER SPAN
     PERCUSS FOR SPLEEN
     PERCUSS BLADDER IF INDICATED
    PERCUSSION OF SPLEEN
    PERCUSSION
     IF DULLNESS IN FLANKS - CHECK
    FOR SHIFTING DULLNESS
     IF INDICATED CHECK FOR FLUID
    WAVE
    PALPATION
     LIGHT PALPATION TO EVALUATE
    GENERAL CONDITION, NATURE OF
    ANY DISTENTION, AND GROSS
    ABNORMALITIES AND PAINFULNESS
     DEEP PALPATION TO DETECT ANY
    ORGAN ENLARGEMENT,
    ABDOMINAL MASSES OR SWELLINGS
     PALPATE FOR LIVER AND SPLEEN
    PALPATION OF LIVER
    PALPATION OF SPLEEN
    REBOUND TENDERNESS
     fingers at 90 degree angle with abd., press
    deeply, remove fingers quickly. Return to
    position of organs causes a sharp pain.
    ON BACK
     CHECK FOR RENAL BRUITS

     COSTOVERTEBRAL ANGLE
    TENDERNESS
    PERCUSION OF KIDNEY
    IF ABDOMINAL PAIN
     TACHYPNEIC
     LEANING FORWARD
     MURPHY’S SIGN
     ROVSING’S SIGN
     ILIOPSOAS TEST
    ILIOPSOAS TEST
     Raise leg & flex at hip
    while examiner pushes
    downward.
     lower quad. Pain—
    Appendicitis
    Obturator muscle test
     - ruptured appendix or pelvic abscess –
     While supine, flex right leg at hip & knee to
    90 degrees. Hold the leg just above the
    knee, grasp the ankle, & rotate the leg
    laterally & medially.
    CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR
    ABDOMINAL ASSESSMENT
     NEVER PALPATE IF SUSPECTED
    APPENDICITIS OR DISSECTING ABD.
    AORTIC ANEURSYM
     NEVER PALPATE WITH POLYCYSTIC
    KIDNEYS
     DO NOT PALPATE OF PERCUSS
    TRANSPLANTED ORGANS

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