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    Lyn Mae Camaymayan
    Ancient Greek physicists and astronomers, such as Pythagoras, Plato, and Aristotle, viewed the universe as consisting of two domains - a perfect celestial domain made of ether that moved in perfect circular orbits, and an imperfect terrestrial domain made of four elements (fire, air, water, earth) that moved towards or away from the center of the earth in order to attain perfection. They believed the earth was spherical and at the center of the universe based on naked-eye observations of astronomical phenomena.

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    1

    Uploaded by

    Lyn Mae Camaymayan
    1K views14 pages
    Ancient Greek physicists and astronomers, such as Pythagoras, Plato, and Aristotle, viewed the universe as consisting of two domains - a perfect celestial domain made of ether that moved in perfect circular orbits, and an imperfect terrestrial domain made of four elements (fire, air, water, earth) that moved towards or away from the center of the earth in order to attain perfection. They believed the earth was spherical and at the center of the universe based on naked-eye observations of astronomical phenomena.

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    Ancient Greek physicists and astronomers, such as Pythagoras, Plato, and Aristotle, viewed the universe as consisting of two domains - a perfect celestial domain made of ether that moved in perfect circular orbits, and an imperfect terrestrial domain made of four elements (fire, air, water, earth) that moved towards or away from the center of the earth in order to attain perfection. They believed the earth was spherical and at the center of the universe based on naked-eye observations of astronomical phenomena.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    1K views14 pages

    1

    Uploaded by

    Lyn Mae Camaymayan
    Ancient Greek physicists and astronomers, such as Pythagoras, Plato, and Aristotle, viewed the universe as consisting of two domains - a perfect celestial domain made of ether that moved in perfect circular orbits, and an imperfect terrestrial domain made of four elements (fire, air, water, earth) that moved towards or away from the center of the earth in order to attain perfection. They believed the earth was spherical and at the center of the universe based on naked-eye observations of astronomical phenomena.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Ancient Greek physics

    and astronomy
    Specific Learning
    Outcomes
    At the end of the lesson, the
    learners shall be able to:
    • Write a summary of ancient Greek two-
    domains view
    • Tabulate of the different material elements
    and motion according to the two-domains
    view
    • List the naked-eye astronomical proofs that
    the Earth is round or spherical
    SCIENCE
    a collection of known truths about the Universe
    that develops and expands over time.

    dynamic and ever changing.


    develops when better models are found, clearer and
    more useful mechanisms are used to explain a group
    of phenomena, more accurate and precise details are
    observed, and many more
    When do you think is a scientific theory rejected?

    Is scientific theory final?


    ASTRONOMY

    is a major influence to the development of Physics.

    The Greeks divided the universe into domains

     the celestial domain

     the terrestrial domain


    c. 470 BCE
    c. 570 BC

    BC 384
    Ancient Greek Philosophers

    Pythagoras (c. 570 - c. 495 BC)


    — Universe is mathematical;
    mathematics as the best way to
    express truth about the
    Universe; Sun, moon and Earth
    are spherical; placed Earth as
    the center of the Universe.
    Ancient Greek Philosophers

    Plato (c. 427 - c. 347 BC)


    — attainment of perfection as absence
    of change; mathematical symmetries
    to demonstrate perfect shapes (sphere
    and circle); celestial spheres being
    crystalline and contains the moon, the
    Sun and the stars; explaining the
    shadows
    Ancient Greek Philosophers

    Plato (c. 427 - c. 347 BC)


    — read on Plato’s Allegory of the
    Cave and the Allegory of the
    Divided Line — as his description or
    framework on how to look at the
    Universe, in particular that the daily
    and annual patterns of the sky must
    have a greater reality besides its
    appearance.
    Ancient Greek Philosophers

    Eudoxus (of Cnidus, 408 - 355 BC)


    — followed previous models of
    the universe but added auxiliary
    spheres to provide appropriate
    tilt to the planets’ path
    Ancient Greek Philosophers

    Aristotle (384 - 322 BC)


    — two-domain system with terrestrial domain
    containing four elements that tries to attain
    perfection by being in their natural location relative
    to the center of the Universe: the center of the Earth.
    He was a learner of Plato.
    Domain Elements Motion
    Celestial Ether perfect motion:
    domain circular and
    constant
    speed
    Terrestrial Fire Alteration
    domain Air Natural motion
    Water Violent motion
    earth
    A. Celestial Domain
    is perfect
    can only be made up of the perfect substance they called “ether”
    and can only move in perfect motion: circular in path and
    constant in speed.

    B. Terrestrial Domain
    are imperfect
    that the tendency of things to attain perfection is the
    cause of their motion
    things, depending on their composition of the elements —
    FIRE, AIR, WATER, AND EARTH — tend to move
    towards the center of the Universe (center of the Earth) or
    away from it with earth, naturally, as at the center.
    B. Terrestrial Domain
    Fire and water naturally move away from the center.

    Natural motion
    believed as that brings things towards their more perfect
    state.
    Thus, heavy objects fall “faster” than lighter ones. Even so,
    they already know the effect of air drag being related to
    medium density (air or water) as well as the mass of the
    object.
    Their notion of falling faster may be closer to terminal
    speed than the concept of acceleration.

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