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    Civil Rights I

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    This document summarizes the history of civil rights in America from legalized segregation through the landmark Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court decision. It describes how Jim Crow laws enforced racial segregation and discrimination. It also discusses how the NAACP fought against these injustices through legal challenges and the historic 1954 Supreme Court ruling that declared segregation in public schools to be unconstitutional, overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine. The decision was based on evidence that segregation psychologically damaged Black children.

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    Civil Rights I

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    api-509249390
    104 views14 pages
    This document summarizes the history of civil rights in America from legalized segregation through the landmark Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court decision. It describes how Jim Crow laws enforced racial segregation and discrimination. It also discusses how the NAACP fought against these injustices through legal challenges and the historic 1954 Supreme Court ruling that declared segregation in public schools to be unconstitutional, overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine. The decision was based on evidence that segregation psychologically damaged Black children.

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    This document summarizes the history of civil rights in America from legalized segregation through the landmark Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court decision. It describes how Jim Crow laws enforced racial segregation and discrimination. It also discusses how the NAACP fought against these injustices through legal challenges and the historic 1954 Supreme Court ruling that declared segregation in public schools to be unconstitutional, overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine. The decision was based on evidence that segregation psychologically damaged Black children.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    104 views14 pages

    Civil Rights I

    Uploaded by

    api-509249390
    This document summarizes the history of civil rights in America from legalized segregation through the landmark Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court decision. It describes how Jim Crow laws enforced racial segregation and discrimination. It also discusses how the NAACP fought against these injustices through legal challenges and the historic 1954 Supreme Court ruling that declared segregation in public schools to be unconstitutional, overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine. The decision was based on evidence that segregation psychologically damaged Black children.

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    Civil Rights I

    Legal Segregation and Discrimination


    Civil Rights:
    Civil Rights:
    • Individual freedoms
    • Ability to participate in society and politics
    Civil Rights in America:
    Civil Rights in America:
    • Declaration of Independence
    • United States Constitution
    • United States Bill of Rights
    • State laws
    Civil Rights Denied:
    Jim Crow Laws: state/local laws and
    social customs requiring segregation
    • Education
    • Marriage and Family
    • Public Accommodation
    Civil Rights Denied:
    Plessy v. Ferguson (1896):
    • Segregation upheld by Supreme Court
    • “Separate but equal”
    Document #1: Utah State Law
    Utah State Law (1943):
    The following marriages are prohibited and
    void
    • Between a negro and white person.
    • Between a Mongolian, member of the
    Malay race or a mulatto, quadroon, or
    octoroon, and a white person.
    Document #2: Lynching picture
    Document #3: Texas Poll Tax Receipt
    Founded in 1909, the NAACP is the nation’s oldest civil rights organization. Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, the association led the black civil rights struggle in fighting injustices such as the denial of voting rights, racial violence, discrimination in employment, and
    segregated public facilities. Dedicated to the goal of an integrated society, the national leadership has always been interracial, although the membership has remained predominantly African American.

    Fighting for Civil Rights: Legal System


    NAACP: National Association for
    the Advancement of Colored
    People
    • Founded: 1909
    • Goal: Integrated Society
    • Anti lynching legislation
    • Voting Rights
    • Education
    • Due process of law
    NAACP: Attacks Segregation
    •NAACP Attacks Segregated
    Schools
    • Houston University Lawyers
    • Thurgood Marshall: “Mr. Civil
    Rights”

    “The complete destruction of all enforced


    segregation is now in sight. . .We are going to
    insist on non-segregation in American public
    education from top to bottom—from law
    school to kindergarten.”
    —Thurgood Marshall, 1950
    Brown V. Board of Education (1954):
    Supreme Court rules on “Separate but Equal.”
    -Plaintiff:
    -Parents of African American Students in Topeka, Kansas
    - Represented by Thurgood Marshall
    -Defendant:
    State of Kansas
    Segregated School damage Kids:
    Doll Test:
    African American kids preferred the white doll over the black doll. Claiming the white
    doll was smarter, prettier, and better behaved. This displayed the painful reality that black
    children were being taught they were inferior by living in American society.
    Brown V. Board of Education
    Segregationist’s Argument:
    1.The Constitution did not require white and African American children to
    attend the same schools.
    2.Social separation of blacks and whites was a regional custom; the states
    should be left free to regulate their own social affairs.
    3. Segregation was not harmful to black people.
    4. Whites were making a good faith effort to equalize the two educational
    systems. But because black children were still living with the effects of slavery,
    it would take some time before they were able to compete with white children
    in the same classroom.
    Brown Vs. Board of Education: Decision
    Decision: Chief Justice Earl Warren and the Warren Court
    -Separate is unequal; violates 14th amendment
    -Psychologically damages kids
    -Overrules Plessy v. Fergusson

    “Segregation of white and colored children in public schools has a detrimental effect upon the colored
    children. The impact is greater when it has the sanction of the law, for the policy of separating the races
    is usually interpreted as denoting the inferiority of the Negro group...Any language in contrary to this
    finding is rejected. We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of ‘separate but equal’
    has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. “
    —Earl Warren, Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court

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