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    Fluid Mechanics 2

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    Abdul Jabbar Baloch
    This document provides an overview of regime channels, Kennedy's theory, and Lacey's theory of irrigation engineering. [1] Kennedy concluded that silt supporting power depends on eddies rising to the surface, and defined critical velocity as the mean velocity keeping a channel free from silting and scouring. [2] Lacey identified drawbacks in Kennedy's theory and differentiated between true, initial, and final regime conditions. [3] Lacey also argued that sediment is kept in suspension by eddies on channel sides, not just beds, and introduced a silt factor related to particle size.

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    Fluid Mechanics 2

    Uploaded by

    Abdul Jabbar Baloch
    17 views15 pages
    This document provides an overview of regime channels, Kennedy's theory, and Lacey's theory of irrigation engineering. [1] Kennedy concluded that silt supporting power depends on eddies rising to the surface, and defined critical velocity as the mean velocity keeping a channel free from silting and scouring. [2] Lacey identified drawbacks in Kennedy's theory and differentiated between true, initial, and final regime conditions. [3] Lacey also argued that sediment is kept in suspension by eddies on channel sides, not just beds, and introduced a silt factor related to particle size.

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    Fluiditity types

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    Fluid mechanics 2

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    This document provides an overview of regime channels, Kennedy's theory, and Lacey's theory of irrigation engineering. [1] Kennedy concluded that silt supporting power depends on eddies rising to the surface, and defined critical velocity as the mean velocity keeping a channel free from silting and scouring. [2] Lacey identified drawbacks in Kennedy's theory and differentiated between true, initial, and final regime conditions. [3] Lacey also argued that sediment is kept in suspension by eddies on channel sides, not just beds, and introduced a silt factor related to particle size.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    17 views15 pages

    Fluid Mechanics 2

    Uploaded by

    Abdul Jabbar Baloch
    This document provides an overview of regime channels, Kennedy's theory, and Lacey's theory of irrigation engineering. [1] Kennedy concluded that silt supporting power depends on eddies rising to the surface, and defined critical velocity as the mean velocity keeping a channel free from silting and scouring. [2] Lacey identified drawbacks in Kennedy's theory and differentiated between true, initial, and final regime conditions. [3] Lacey also argued that sediment is kept in suspension by eddies on channel sides, not just beds, and introduced a silt factor related to particle size.

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    You are on page 1of 15

    IRRIGATION

    ENGINEERING

    Course Instructor: Arif Asghar Gopang


    LEARNING OBJECTIVES
    At the end of this lecture students will be able:

     To describe Regime channel, Kennedy Theory and Lacey


    Theory

    2
    REGIME
    CHANNELS

    The channel is said to be in regime condition, when silting and


    scouring does not need special attention.

    This condition can not be obtained in rivers, but it is achievable in


    artificial channels if properly designed.

    The channels which are in regime condition (i.e. no silting no


    scouring) are called stable channel.

    3
    KENNEDY’S THEORY

    o R.G Kennedy, a PWD executive engineer in Punjab, carried


    out research on some of the canal reaches in the Upper Bari
    Doab System.
    o He selected some straight reaches of the canal section, which
    had not posed any problem silting and scouring problem in
    the last 30 years.
    o He concluded that silt supporting power is mainly dependent
    upon the generation of eddies, rising to the surface.
    o The velocity which keeps the channel free from silting and
    scouring is called Critical Velocity.

    4
    EDDIES IN RIVERS

    5
    CRITICAL
    VELOCITY

    The mean velocity which shows no silting and no scouring is


    called critical velocity.

     𝑉 =0.55 𝑚𝑦 0.64

    Where;
    V = critical velocity in channel in m/s
    Y = water depth in m
    M = C.V.R

    6
    LACEY’S THEORY
    (1939)

    o Lacey, an eminent civil engineer of U.P Irrigation


    Department, India conducted research on the design of stable
    alluviums.
    o On the basis of his research, he found some drawbacks in the
    Kennedy’s theory and proposed his new theory.
    o Lacey came out with a statement that even if channel
    showing no silting and no scouring may not be in the regime
    condition.
    o He differentiated between three regime condition: True
    Regime, Initial Regime and Final regime.

    7
    1- TRUE REGIME

    An artificial constructed channel is said to be true regime, if the


    following conditions are satisfied.

    I. Discharge is constant
    II. Flow is uniform
    III. Silt charge is constant
    IV. Silt grade is constant
    V. Channel is flowing through a material which can be scoured
    as easily as it can be deposited (such soil is called incoherent
    alluvium) and is of the same grade as is deposited.
    8
    INITIAL REGIME
    o When the bed slope of the channel varies due to deposition
    of silt, while its cross section or wetted perimeter remains
    same and the channel is also showing no silting and no
    scouring, then the channel is said be in Initial Regime.

    o There is erosion of soil from the bed only, with the passage
    of time it re-adjusts due to the deposition of silt.

    o However the sides of channel provides enough resistance


    against erosion of soil from the sides, therefor the width of
    channel remains the same.

    9
    FINAL REGIME

    o When all the variables such as perimeter, depth, bed slope,


    etc. are equally free to vary and finally get adjusted
    according to discharge and silt grade, then the channel is said
    be in final regime condition.

    o In contrast to initial regime, water erodes the soil from the


    sides of the channel, thus the soil looses its strength against
    erosion from the sides.

    o With the passage of time, the perimeter, depth of flow and


    bed slope regains or re-adjusts in the channel.
    10
    LACEY’S THEORY
    (1939)

    o Secondly, Lacey argued that sediment kept in suspension is


    not only by the vertical component of the eddies which are
    generated on the channel bed, but also by the eddies
    generated on the sides of the channel.
    o Thirdly, Lacey introduced silt factor, f and connected it to
    the average particle size.

    11
    DESIGN STEPS FOR LACEY’S
    THEORY
     1) Calculate the velocity from equation
    V = m/sec

    Where;
    V = m/s
    Q = /s
    f is the silt factor, given by
    F = 1.76

    12
    DESIGN STEPS FOR LACEY’S
    THEORY
     2) Work out the hydraulic radius, R
    R=
    V is in m/sec
    R is in m

    3) Compute the area of channel section


    A=

    13
    DESIGN STEPS FOR LACEY’S
    THEORY
     4) Compute the wetted perimeter, P
    P = 4.75
    5) Compute the bed slope
    S=
    Where;
    F is the silt factor
    Q is the discharge in cumec

    14
    THANKS

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