Engineering Materials CE-201

Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 14

Engineering Materials

CE- 201

Md. Masud Alom


Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
Daffodil International University
Reference Book
Engineering Materials
By
Dr. M. A. Aziz
About Course
• Course Name: Engineering Materials
• Course Code: CE 201
• Credits: 3 (Three)
• No. of Class Per Week: 3 (Three)
• Marks Distribution:
Attendance = 7%
Class Test = 15%
Assignment = 5%
Presentation = 8%
Mid Term Exam = 25%
Final Term Exam. = 40%
Total = 100%
Bricks
Learning Objectives:
After completing this unit, the student will be able to understand

Know the composition of good brick


Know the requirements of good brick
Describe the manufacturing process of Bricks
Explain the Field tests of good bricks
Explain the Characteristics of good bricks
Explain Classification of Bricks
Know about uses of Bricks
Bricks
• A brick is an artificial kind of stone made of clay
whose chief characteristics are a plasticity when wet
and stone like hardness after being heated to high
temperature.
• Factors that affect the quality of bricks:
Chemical properties of the clay used
Preparation of the clay.
Process of drying.
Different degress of burning
Different Parts of Brick
Constituents of Brick Clay
Name of the Percentage (%) Functions
constituents
Silica 55 Prevent cracking, shrinking and warping
Too much makes brick brittle and weak
Alumina 30 Imparts plasticity to clay
Too much causes bricks crack and warp during drying
and becomes very hard under the influence of heat.

Iron oxide 08 Makes the brick impermeable


Gives the color to the brick
Magnesia 05 Decrease shrinkages
Gives yellow fint

Lime 01 Reduces shrinkage of bricks during drying


Organic matter 01 Small quantity assists burning of brick
Too much causes brick porous
Total 100
Harmful Constituents of Brick-Clay

Constituents Harmful effects


Iron pyrites Causes crystallization & disintegration
of bricks on burning.

Alkalies Cause the bricks to fuse, twist and warp


during burning.

Stone particales Non uniformity of brick texture.


Makes bricks porous and weak.

Vegetation and organic matter Makes bricks porous and weak.

Lime Excess lime causes the brick to fuse too


readily & the shape is lost.
Manufacture of Bricks

Steps involved in the manufacture of bricks are given below:


• Selection of brick clay
• Preparation of brick clay.
• Brick moulding
Machine moulding
Hand moulding
• Brick drying
• Brick burning
Clamp or pazawah burning
Kiln burning
Characteristics of Good Bricks
Brick should be uniform in color, size & shape.
They should be sound and compact.
Should be free from cracks.
Should not absorb more than 1/5 of their own wt. of
water when immerged in water for 24 hours. (15 to
20% dry wt.)
The compressive strength of bricks should be in the
range of 5000 to 8000 psi.
They should be neither overburnt nor underburnt.
Weight should be generally 6 lbs per brick. Weight per
cu ft. should not be less than 125 lbs.
Brick should not change in volume when wetted.
Field Tests of Bricks
1) Take a brick and try to make mark on the surface
by nil, if you can make it, it is not a good brick. If
not, it is very hard and compact.
2) Take brick and strike it with a hammer. If it gives
clear ringing or metallic sound. It is a good brick.
If not a bad one.
3) Take two bricks and form a tee (T) and drop from
a height of 6 ft on a more or less solid surface. If
they break they are not good bricks. If they
remain unbroken they are good bricks.
Classification of Bricks
• First class bricks.
• Second class bricks.
• Third class bricks.
• Fist class bats.
• Second class bats.
• Picked jhama bricks.
• Jhama bricks.
• Jhama bats.
Uses of Bricks
• Construction of walls of any size.
• Construction of floors.
• Construction of arches and cornices.
• Making khoa to use as an aggregate in concrete.
• Manufacture of surki to be used in plaster and
lime concrete.
• (100 cft of brickworks 1200 nos. bricks and 45 cft. of mortar are
required 830 nos. bricks will make 100 cft. of khoa for concrete)
Some important terms
• Size of Bricks: According to PWD (Public Work
Department) specification standard size of brick is
9.5 in*4.5 in*2.75 in (Without mortar) and with
mortar 10 in *5 in*3 in
• Frog Marks: It is the identification marks of brick.
It is generally left on the face of the brick during the
process of moulding to indicate the name of the
manufacturers of the brick. This done by fitting a
fillet on the corresponding face of the mould &
usually on the lower surface.

You might also like