Package in Java

PACKAGE IN JAVA
Java Package
• A java package is a group of similar types of

classes, interfaces and sub-packages.
• Package in java can be categorized in two form,

built-in package and user-defined package.
• There are many built-in packages such as java,

lang, awt, javax, swing, net, io, util, sql etc.
Package
A Programmer’s team working on a project. One programmer want to name his as
MainFile.java. Another programmer also wants to name his file also with same
name.
MainFile.java MainFile.java
project 3
Package
In a project, there are many files, some files for GUI, some files for Database
connectivity, some files for for network connections handling.
How to manage these files?
4
Package
Package are used in java to avoid name conflict and control access.
How user can store files having same name.
Specifying accessibility of class.
5
Let’s say one java file stored in project directory. Name of file is webserver.java.
Now another programmer in same project wants to create same name file.
If he will try to save his file with same name then there will be an error.
6
One way he can save his file is by making one more directory inside project and then
save the file inside new directory jack.
7
Package
Project
webserver.java
jack
webserver.java
8
How to create package?
1. package jack;
2. Class webserver
3. {
4. public static void main(String arg[])
5. {
6. System.out.println(“This is web server”);
7. }
8. }
First line is for package specification, in which package current file will be stored.
These package are maintained in form of directory.

Above file we will save in folder name jack.
9
Advantage of Java Package
1) Java package is used to categorize the classes

and interfaces so that they can be easily
maintained.
2) Java package provides access protection.
3) Java package removes naming collision.

The package keyword is used to create a
package in java.
//save as Simple.java
package mypack;
public class Simple{
public static void main(String args[]){
System.out.println("Welcome to package");
}
}
How to access package from another package?
There are three ways to access the package

from outside the package.
• import package.*;
• import package.classname;
• fully qualified name.
1) Using packagename.*
• If you use package.* then all the classes and

interfaces of this package will be accessible
but not subpackages.
• The import keyword is used to make the

classes and interface of another package
accessible to the current package.
Example of package that import the packagename.*
• //save by A.java
package pack;
public class A{
public void msg(){System.out.println("Hello");}
}
• //save by B.java
package mypack;
import pack.*;

class B{
A obj = new A();
obj.msg();
}
}
2) Using packagename.classname
• If you import package.classname then only

declared class of this package will be
accessible.
Example of package by import package.classname
• //save by A.java
package pack;
public class A{
}
package mypack;
import pack.A;

class B{
A obj = new A();
obj.msg();
}
}
3) Using fully qualified name
• If you use fully qualified name then only

declared class of this package will be
accessible. Now there is no need to import.
But you need to use fully qualified name every
time when you are accessing the class or
interface.
• It is generally used when two packages have
same class name e.g. java.util and java.sql
packages contain Date class.
Example of package by import fully qualified name
//save by A.java
package pack;
public class A{
}
package mypack;
class B{
pack.A obj = new pack.A();//using fully qualified name
obj.msg();
}
}
“ If you import a package, sub packages will
not be imported.”
Subpackage in java
Package inside the package is called the

subpackage. It should be created to
categorize the package further.
Example
Sun Microsystem has definded a package named
java that contains many classes like System,
String, Reader, Writer, Socket etc. These classes
represent a particular group e.g. Reader and
Writer classes are for Input/Output operation,
Socket and ServerSocket classes are for
networking etc and so on. So, Sun has
subcategorized the java package into subpackages
such as lang, net, io etc. and put the Input/Output
related classes in io package, Server and
ServerSocket classes in net packages and so on.
Example of Subpackage
package com.javatpoint.core;
class Simple{
System.out.println("Hello subpackage");
}
}

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PACKAGE IN JAVA

• A java package is a group of similar types of

• Package in java can be categorized in two form,

• There are many built-in packages such as java,

How to manage these files?

How user can store files having same name.

Specifying accessibility of class.

These package are maintained in form of directory.

1) Java package is used to categorize the classes

2) Java package provides access protection.

3) Java package removes naming collision.

There are three ways to access the package

• If you use package.* then all the classes and

• The import keyword is used to make the

• If you import package.classname then only

• If you use fully qualified name then only

Package inside the package is called the

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