There are two types of cementum: primary (acellular) cementum and secondary (cellular) cementum. Primary cementum is laid down by cementoblasts on the root surface post crown completion extending from the cervical margin to the apex. It is acellular with collagen fibers intermingling with the predentin layer. Secondary cementum forms on the apical root surface post-eruption by cementoblasts that have more cytoplasm and processes and lay down a layer of precementum with entrapped cementocytes. It has a faster formation rate than primary cementum.
There are two types of cementum: primary (acellular) cementum and secondary (cellular) cementum. Primary cementum is laid down by cementoblasts on the root surface post crown completion extending from the cervical margin to the apex. It is acellular with collagen fibers intermingling with the predentin layer. Secondary cementum forms on the apical root surface post-eruption by cementoblasts that have more cytoplasm and processes and lay down a layer of precementum with entrapped cementocytes. It has a faster formation rate than primary cementum.
There are two types of cementum: primary (acellular) cementum and secondary (cellular) cementum. Primary cementum is laid down by cementoblasts on the root surface post crown completion extending from the cervical margin to the apex. It is acellular with collagen fibers intermingling with the predentin layer. Secondary cementum forms on the apical root surface post-eruption by cementoblasts that have more cytoplasm and processes and lay down a layer of precementum with entrapped cementocytes. It has a faster formation rate than primary cementum.
There are two types of cementum: primary (acellular) cementum and secondary (cellular) cementum. Primary cementum is laid down by cementoblasts on the root surface post crown completion extending from the cervical margin to the apex. It is acellular with collagen fibers intermingling with the predentin layer. Secondary cementum forms on the apical root surface post-eruption by cementoblasts that have more cytoplasm and processes and lay down a layer of precementum with entrapped cementocytes. It has a faster formation rate than primary cementum.
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CEMENTOGENESIS
DR SAQLAIN BIN SYED GILANI
Cementogenesis
• Primary (ACELLULAR) • Secondary (CELLULAR)
Difference between the cells forming each type
ACELLULAR/PRIMARY CEMENTUM
• Post crown completion the internal and external enamel epithelia
proliferate downwards and map out the shape/outline of the root/s • Epithelial root sheath of Hertwig
• Process starts at the cervical margin and extend apically
• The epithelial root sheath is covered by a basal lamina on both surfaces, dental follicle and dental papilla • The epithelial root sheath induces the Dental Papilla to differentiate into odontoblasts • INDUCTION phase Odontobalsts First formed Lay down retrieve layer of matrix inwards predentin
• Predentin comprises of organic matrix and collagen fibrils
• Some collagen fibrils are perpendicular to the surface and some oblique • First formed layer by odontoblasts is structure-less and glass like (HYLINE LAYER). This is due to the fact that odontoblasts do not leave their processes behind for the first few microns • Hyline layer not only is formed by odontoblasts alone but it is believed that epithelial root sheath also plays a role • Presence of organelles (E.R, G. material and Mitochondria) • Secretion of enamel related proteins into hyline’s matrix (amelogenin)
• Fenestrations in epithelial root sheath enable fibroblast-like cells of the
adjacent dental follicle and come lie next to unmineralized hyline layer • Cementoblasts secrete collagen fibrils which intermingle with those of hyline layer’s • Newly differentiated odontoblasts retreat inwards leaving a trail • Mineralization of the first formed dentinal layer occurs with matrix vesicles • Starts from within the center unlike crown and moves inward and outward • Delayed mineralization front (Hyaline Layer) • Mineralization extends centripetally (outwards), extends into the fibrous fringe this makes the contact between cementum and dentin mineralized
• Similar to bone at the early stage of Acellular cementum formation,
secretions like osteopontin, cementum-attachment protein, sialoprotein • May play a role in cell attachment, cell growth, differentiation and mineralization • Fibrous fringe and PDL Fibers attach for proper tooth support in the socket • Once the attachment is complete, it can now be termed as Acellular Extrinsic Fiber Cementum • Cementum gradually but rather slowly increases its thickness (2µm/ year) • Cementoblasts lie adjacent to the PDL and secret the ground substance around collagen • Mineralization unlike dentin is controlled by HAP in dentin (initiated by dentin) • PDL is rich in alkaline phosphatase may play a role in mineralization Acellular Afibrillar Cementum
• Deposited as a thin layer overlying enamel at the cervical margin
• REE in an unerupted tooth is damaged • Cells from connective tissue come in contact with enamel • Enamel induces DF to form cementoblasts Cellular/Secondary (CIFC) Cementoblasts
Precementum Cementocytes • Apical region at the time of tooth eruption • Furcation of multi rooted teeth
• Following the loss of HERS large basophilic cells differentiate from dental follicle against root dentin or acellular cementum • These cementoblasts possess more cytoplasm and cytoplasmic processes • There is also roughened E.R which indicates that cementoblasts not only secrete the ground substance but also collagen
• These fibers run parallel to the root and no extension into PDL • Unlike Acellular a layer of precementum is formed in this type • Mineralization is linear and less mineralized than Acellular • Cementocytes get entrapped in the matrix due to multipolar secretin of matrix of cells • Cementocytes • These cells enable/facilitates the generation of new cementolasts from stem cells (found in PDL)
• The rate of formation of Cellular cementum is faster hence the incremental
lines are spaced out more as compared to Acellular cementum References
