Scribd
Upload
169 views26 pages

Alcohol Part 1

This document discusses alcohols. It begins by stating the learning objectives, which are to define alcohols, identify their functional group, name the first four alcohols, draw structural formulas of propanol and butanol isomers, and describe industrial production and laboratory preparation of ethanol. The general formula of alcohols is given as CnH2n+1OH. Methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol are listed along with their molecular formulas. Structural formulas are drawn for methanol and examples of propanol and butanol isomers. The IUPAC system for naming alcohol isomers is also explained. The industrial production of ethanol through reaction of ethylene, steam,

Uploaded by

Haslimi Bin Hassan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
169 views26 pages

Alcohol Part 1

This document discusses alcohols. It begins by stating the learning objectives, which are to define alcohols, identify their functional group, name the first four alcohols, draw structural formulas of propanol and butanol isomers, and describe industrial production and laboratory preparation of ethanol. The general formula of alcohols is given as CnH2n+1OH. Methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol are listed along with their molecular formulas. Structural formulas are drawn for methanol and examples of propanol and butanol isomers. The IUPAC system for naming alcohol isomers is also explained. The industrial production of ethanol through reaction of ethylene, steam,

Uploaded by

Haslimi Bin Hassan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 26

Win

1
Based on picture on
slide 1, state your
inference.

2
Answer :
Alcohol beverage / wine can be use as fuel.

PLEASE USE
YOUR …………

3
4
CARBON COMPOUNDS

2.5 ANALYSING ALCOHOLS


(PART 1)

5
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
1. State the general formula of alcohols.
2. Identify the functional group of alcohols.
3. List the names and molecular formulae of the
first four alcohols.
4. Draw the structural formulae of isomers of
propanol and butanol.
5. Name the isomers of propanol and butanol using
the IUPAC nomenclature.
6. Describe the industrial production of ethanol.
7. Describe the preparation of ethanol in the
laboratory.
6
Another
HOMOLOGOU ALCOHOL
S SERIES

Name the elements that are present in


alcohol.
i. _ _ _ _ _ n
ii. _ y _ _ _ _ e _ IS ALCOHOL A
HYDROCARBON
iii._ _ _ g _ _

7
GENERAL FORMULA OF
ALCOHOL

CnH2n+1OH
where n = 1,2,3…

8
CnH2n+1OH

This is the functional group ;


___________ group.

It plays an important role in


determining the physical and
chemical properties of alcohols.
9
MEMBERS OF ALCOHOL
CnH2n+1OH , n = 1, 2, 3 …
n Molecular formula Name

1 methanol

2 C2H5OH

3 propanol

4 C4H9OH
10
STRUCTURAL FORMULA OF
ALCOHOL
 METHANOL
Lets draw the
structural
H formulae for the
H C O H other three
alcohols….
H

11
 Isomerism is shown in propanol
and larger alcohols…
 Due to the: long carbon chain

and the different position


of the – OH group.

See Malindo
module

12
Name of alcohols
 According to IUPAC Nomenclature
1. Identify the longest carbon chain with the
functional group – OH .
2. Replace the e from the parent name of alkane
with ol.
3. Number the carbon in the longest chain
beginning from the end nearest to the – OH
group.
4. For branched alcohol, determine the alkyl
group and the position of the branch.
13
Naming of isomers
H H H
1 – propanol
H C C C O H or
H H H Propan – 1 – ol

H H H
H C C C H 2 – propanol
H O H or
Propan – 2 – ol
H 14
 Name the third isomer of propanol.

 Draw and name all isomers of butanol.

15
If there is more than one-OH group,
we use; “di” for 2 –OH groups

Let’s try to give the name for


this alcohol compound

Ans : Butan-1,2-diol 16
PRODUCTION OF ALCOHOL

(a) (b)
INDUSTRY LABORATORY

17
(a) INDUSTRY
 Ethylene (ethene) is mixed with steam and
passed through concentrated phosphoric
acid(V) at 300 0C and 60 atm pressure.
 The concentrated phosphoric acid(V) act as a
c _ t_ _y_t.
 Chemical equation:
_____________________________________

18
Chemical equation
H3PO4
C2H4 + H2O (g) C2H5OH
300°C/ 60 atm

Write down
the molecular structure
of this compound ?

19
Distillation part

Fermentation tank
20
(b) LABORATORY
 Through the fermentation process of
glucose to ethanol and carbon dioxide
in the presence of yeast. Saccharomyces yeast
act as catalyst to -----
--fermentation process

 Chemical equation:
_____________________________________

21
CHEMICAL EQUATION :

enzyme
C6H12O6 2C5H5OH + 2CO2
30-40 °C
What the function
of enzyme in this
reaction ?

22
Preparation of ethanol in laboratory

23
Diagram for preparation of ethanol
in laboratory

24
In your next lesson, you will learn
the following in part 2……
 State the physical properties of ethanol
 Describe the chemical properties of
ethanol
 Predict the chemical properties of other
members of alcohols
 Explain with examples the uses of alcohols
in everyday life
 Explain the effects of the misuse and
abuse of alcohols

25
Don’t forget to complete Malindo
module…….bye.
Teacher sue.
26

You might also like