Commercial Bank Operations

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COMMERCIAL BANK

OPERATIONS

CHAPTER 17
BANK SOURCES OF FUNDS
A. Transaction Deposits; checking accounts
1. Commercial accounts non-interest bearing
2. Interest bearing checking accounts
B. Savings Deposits; pass-book savings
C. Time Deposits; short-term CDs
1. Managing Term risk
2. Penalties for early withdrawal

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BANK SOURCES OF FUNDS
D. Money Market Deposit Accounts; providing
higher yields via T-bills, S-T securities
1. Provide better returns to customers with large
balances
2. Provide roll-up services for commercial clients
E. Eurodollar Borrowings; more by businesses
F. Bonds/Stock Issued by the Bank; raising
long-term capital

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BANK USES OF FUNDS
A. Cash; transaction needs
B. Bank Loans; to create assets (loans to bank
customers)
1. Working Capital Loans; important source of S-T
liquidity for firms
2. Bridge loans for LBO, interim financing, etc
3. Lines of Credit
4. Importance of Prime rate

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BANK USES OF FUNDS
C. Investment Securities; purchase of
government and corporate bonds
D. Lending in Federal Funds Market; lending
excess reserves
E. Eurodollar Loans; correspondent bank
relationships or foreign branches

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MEETING RESERVE
REQUIREMENTS
A. Federal Funds: borrowing from other banks
(over-night)
B. Borrowing from the Federal Reserve Banks;
capital / reserve requirements
1. Cheapest source of lendable funds or to make up
short-falls in reserves
2. Increasingly a bank of last resort

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OFF BALANCE SHEET
ACTIVITIES*
A. Loan Commitments (for LBO)
B. Standby Letters of Credit (especially for
Import/Export financing)
C. Swap Contracts (Interest rate and Currency)

* Generate fee income

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HOMEWORK QUESTIONS
A. What are the principal sources of funds for banks?
B. What are the principal uses of funds for banks?
C. In what ways can a bank use the Federal Funds
market?
D. How does a bank create profit via the fractional
reserve system?
E. How does the Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT)
benefit the banking system?

Dr. David P. Echevarria ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 8

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