Regular and Irregular Past Participles

Regular and irregular
past participles.
Luis Daniel Cabrera Martínez

Laura Cristina Maya Manzano
Jeferson Alexander Noreña Restrepo
Past Participles
A past participle is a word that (1) formed from a verb, (2) is used as
an adjective or to form verb tense, and (3) probably ends with "-ed," "-d," "-t," "-
en," or "-n."
Example
 Let's look at the verb to whisper:
 Here's the past participle: whispered
 Here it is used as an adjective: The whispered word
 Here it is used to form a verb tense: She
had whispered him the answer.
There are two types of participles: The Past Participle

-(Past participles usually end with "-ed," "-d," "-t," "-en," or "-n.
-"The Present Participle (All present participles end with "-
ing.")
Examples of Past Participles Being Used As
Adjectives
Here are some examples of past participles being used as

adjectives:
The verb: The past Participle:
To swell Swollen eyes
To break Broken plate
To ruin Ruined cake
More examples:
Participio presente Participio pasado
Boring Bored
(Aburrido) (Aburrido)
Interesting Interested
(Interesante) (Interesado)
Confusing Confused
(Confuso) (Confundido)
Amazing Amazed
(Asombroso) (Asombrado)
Annoying Annoyed
(Molesto) (Molesto)
Exciting Excited
(Emocionante) (Emocionado)
Participio presente Participio pasado
The movie was very boring. Why do you look so bored?
That book was so interesting. She is very interested in music.
His message was a bit confusing. I feel quite confused.
What an amazing speech! We were quite amazed to see her.
You really are annoying . . . The audience became annoyed.
James has an exciting job. We are so excited!

Past Participles in Participle Phrases
Past participles can often be found in participle phrases. A participle phrase
acts like an adjective.
-The boy taken to hospital has recovered.
(The participle phrase "taken to hospital" describes "the boy.")
-I have a heart wracked with sorrow.
(The participle phrase "wracked with sorrow" describes "a heart.")
-Battered by the wind, John fell to his knees.
(The participle phrase ""Battered by the wind" describes "john.")
-Finally broken , Lee lowered his gloves.
(The participle phrase "Finally broken" describes "Lee.")
Past Participles Used in Verb Tenses
As well as being used as adjectives, past participles are also

used to form verbs:
1. I had crossed the line. (cross)

2. I had seen birth and death. (see)
3. I had stopped smoking. (stop)
4. Poets have been mysteriously silent. (be)
Forming the Past Participle (Regular Verbs)
If it's regular verb, the past participle is the same as the simple

past tense. In other words, it is formed like this:
 Add "ed" to most verbs:
 jump > jumped
If a verb of one syllable ends [consonant-vowel-consonant], double

the final consonant and add "ed":
 chat > chatted
 stop > stopped
Forming the Past Participle
(Irregular Verbs)
If it's an irregular verb, the past participle is formed in all
sorts of different ways. Here are some examples:
 arise > arisen
 catch > caught
 choose > chosen
 know > known
You just have to learn them.

Practice:
1. Emilio has never (drive) a motorbike before.
2. Miriam wasn’t at home, she had (go) to the
cinema.
3. You have (buy) a lot of new toys recently.
4. Have you (choose) your university yet?
5. Why has Carlos (leave) already?
6. I have (be) sick all month.
7. The wall was (paint) by John.
8. We were (give) some good advice.
9. The apple was (eat) by me.
10.He had (hear) that joke before
11.I had (play) that game twice
Use of just, even, already and yet.
We often use just, yet, even and already with the present
perfect because they are related to the present moment.
Just:
 Just used with the present perfect means 'a short time before'.
Example:
- I've just seen Susan coming out of the cinema.
(acabo de ver a Susan salir del cine).
-Mike's just called. Can you ring him back, please?
(Mike acaba de llamar. ¿Puede devolverle la llamada, por favor?
-Have you just taken my pen?!
(¿Acabas de tomar mi bolígrafo?)
Yet:
Yet used with the present perfect means 'at any time up to now'. We
use it to show that we expect something to happen soon. Yet (in this
context) is only used in negative sentences and questions.
Example:
-I’m really hungry. I haven’t eaten yet.
(Tengo mucha hambre. Todavía no he comido)
-Jacob hasn’t left his job at the hospital yet.
(Jacob todavía no se ha ido de su trabajo en el hospital)
-Has the train arrived yet?
(¿Ya ha llegado el tren?)
Already:
Already used with the present perfect means 'before now'.
We use it to show that something happened before
something else or earlier than expected.
Examples:
-They have already finished their homework.
(Ya han acabado sus deberes)
-Jacob has already left work.
(Jacob ya se ha ido del trabajo)
The train has already arrived
(El tren ya ha llegado)
Even:
1.Even is generally found before the verb it modifies.
Example:
-My son loves to learn. He even studies on weekends and holidays.
-Even working 12 hour days, I wasn’t able to finish the Project on time.
2.When found at the beginning of a sentence, “Even” refers to the subject.

Example:
-Even I know you can do better
-Even the best athletes can have bad days
3.We can place “even” before other words that we want to focus on:
Example:
-I love their music, even the bad albums
-He loves food. He will eat anything, even our mother’s coocking.
4.”Even” is used in negative sentences to express negative extremes:

Example:
-I can’t even imagine how she looks like
-She’s very clumsy. She can’t even walk without tripping
5. “Even” is used in comparisons for emphasis, “even” adds emphasis to
the difference between compared objects:
Example:
-My brother is very tall. He is even taller than my father.
-I know I talk a lot, but Andrew talks even more than me .
6.When used with other words such as “though”, “If”, “so”, or “when”:
Example:
-Even though it was cloudy, we went to the park
-Even If I study a lot, I will never understand chemistry
-He knew I was a good idea. Even so, he drove home after having several
drinks
-Even when things seemed the worse, she was still optimistic
Practice:
1. She has left.(Ella se acaba de ir).
2. I have seen this movie (Ya he visto esta película).
3. They got married (Se acaban de casar).
4 .We have eaten (Ya hemos comido).
5. The train has left (El tren ya se ha ido).
6. They haven't arrived (Aún no han llegado).
7. I’ve woken up (Acabo de despertarme).
THANK YOU
link,: use of yet, already, even and just:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tZl0Cz6v54A&feature=youtu.be

Regular and Irregular Past Participles

Uploaded by

Document Informationclick to expand document information

Copyright:

Available Formats

Regular and Irregular Past Participles

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Regular and Irregular Past Participles

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Regular and irregular

Luis Daniel Cabrera Martínez

There are two types of participles: The Past Participle

Here are some examples of past participles being used as

The movie was very boring. Why do you look so bored?

That book was so interesting. She is very interested in music.

His message was a bit confusing. I feel quite confused.

What an amazing speech! We were quite amazed to see her.

You really are annoying . . . The audience became annoyed.

James has an exciting job. We are so excited!

As well as being used as adjectives, past participles are also

1. I had crossed the line. (cross)

If it's regular verb, the past participle is the same as the simple

If a verb of one syllable ends [consonant-vowel-consonant], double

You just have to learn them.

2.When found at the beginning of a sentence, “Even” refers to the subject.

4.”Even” is used in negative sentences to express negative extremes:

link,: use of yet, already, even and just:

You might also like