Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 377 views

    Quantitative Analysis of UV-Vis Spectros

    Uploaded by

    Salwa Kamilia

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Quantitative Analysis of UV-Vis Spectros

    Uploaded by

    Salwa Kamilia
    377 views15 pages

    Original Title

    Quantitative Analysis of UV-Vis Spectroscopy.ppt

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    377 views15 pages

    Quantitative Analysis of UV-Vis Spectros

    Uploaded by

    Salwa Kamilia

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Quantitative Analysis of UV-

    Vis Spectroscopy

    1
    Applications of Absorbance
    Measurement to Qualitative Analysis 
    As seen earlier, the broad band absorption
    spectra obtained in UV-Vis absorption
    spectroscopy is usually featureless and
    lacks details that can be used in qualitative
    analysis. Therefore, this technique is
    mainly a quantitative technique.

    2
    Plotting Spectral Data

    A plot of either the absorbance or


    %transmittance against wavelength can
    be made. However, the most common
    practice is to plot the absorbance versus
    wavelength.

    3
    Quantitative Analysis
    The basis for quantitative analysis in the UV-
    Vis relies on Beer’s law.
    Several characteristics of quantitative
    measurements using UV-Vis absorption
    spectroscopy can be rationalized:
    1. Applicability to all types of analytes as far as
    they absorb in the UV-Vis region.
    2. Moderate sensitivities

    4
    3. The relative standard deviation occurs
    within 1-3% which reflects good
    precision.
    4. Easy to perform and convenient.
    5. Non absorbing species can also be
    determined if they are derivatized with
    an absorbing species as the case of
    metal ions when complexed to
    ligands.

    5
    Procedural Details
    Selection of Wavelength
    The first step in a successful determination
    is to find the suitable wavelength for the
    analysis. This is accomplished by plotting
    the absorbance/wavelength curve.
    However, the following points should also
    be considered:

    6
    1. If an interferences are present, the
    wavelength that is far away from
    interferences should be selected
    2. A wavelength at the  maximum of a broad
    peak should be preferred to another of a
    sharp peak
    3. The peak with a maximum peak height is
    preferred

    7
    An analyst should use his experience and
    knowledge to work for the best bargain of
    the abovementioned points. Several
    factors affect the location of the
    wavelength and the absorbance and thus
    must be considered. These include the
    nature of solvent, the pH of solution,
    electrolyte concentration, interferences, as
    well as temperature.

    8
    Cleaning and Handling the Cell
    First, one should appreciate the use of good quality
    matched cells that are free from wearing, etching,
    and scratches. In addition, cleaning procedures of
    external and internal cell surfaces are also
    important. A suggested cleaning procedure
    involves moistening a lens paper with methanol
    and wiping the external surface, then leaving the
    cell to evaporate. The interior of the cell is first
    washed with water followed by methanol and the
    solvent is also allowed to evaporate. Disposable
    polypropylene cuvettes are incompatible with non
    polar solvents and formulations having these
    solvents should be avoided; or large errors will be
    encountered.

    9
    Calibration Curves

    10
    Standard Addition method

    11
    Analysis of Mixtures of
    Absorbing Substances

    12
    Analysis of Mixtures of
    Absorbing Substances

    When the sample solution contains more


    than one absorbing species, the
    absorbance of the solution will be the sum
    of all absorbances:

    At = A1 + A2 + A3 + ….

    13
    When only two absorbing species are present, the
    solution is formidable and is executed by finding
    the absorbance of the solution at two wavelength
    (wavelength maximum for each analyte):

    A’ = x’bcx + y’bcy                            (1)


    A” = x”bcx + y”bcy                           (2)

    x’, x”, y’, y” can be determined from standards


    of analytes x and y at ’”
    * values obtained are inserted in equations 1 and
    2 where two equations in two unknowns can be
    easily solved.

    14
    Larutan K2Cr2O7 1,0 x 10-3 M menunjukkan •
    absorbansi 0,200 pada 450 nm dan 0,050
    pada 530 nm. Larutan KMnO4 1,0 x 10-4 M
    tidak menunjukkan absorbansi pada 450 nm,
    sedangkan pada 530 nm absorbansinya
    0,420. Hitung konsentrasi K2Cr2O7 dan KMnO4
    yang ada dalam larutan yang menunjukkan
    absorbansi 0,370 dan 0,710 pada 450 nm dan
    .530. Lebar sel adalah 1 cm

    15

    You might also like