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    Assignment: MACO 103 Advanced Theory of Materials

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    Adrish Naskar
    The document discusses different types of stones used in construction. It classifies stones based on their origin of formation, physical characteristics, and chemical composition. The three main types based on origin are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Examples are provided for each classification. India has diverse geological formations with various stone types available based on the stratigraphic succession in different regions.

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    Assignment: MACO 103 Advanced Theory of Materials

    Uploaded by

    Adrish Naskar
    33 views7 pages
    The document discusses different types of stones used in construction. It classifies stones based on their origin of formation, physical characteristics, and chemical composition. The three main types based on origin are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Examples are provided for each classification. India has diverse geological formations with various stone types available based on the stratigraphic succession in different regions.

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    Introduction- stone

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    The document discusses different types of stones used in construction. It classifies stones based on their origin of formation, physical characteristics, and chemical composition. The three main types based on origin are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Examples are provided for each classification. India has diverse geological formations with various stone types available based on the stratigraphic succession in different regions.

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    33 views7 pages

    Assignment: MACO 103 Advanced Theory of Materials

    Uploaded by

    Adrish Naskar
    The document discusses different types of stones used in construction. It classifies stones based on their origin of formation, physical characteristics, and chemical composition. The three main types based on origin are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Examples are provided for each classification. India has diverse geological formations with various stone types available based on the stratigraphic succession in different regions.

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    STONES

    A S S I G N M EN T
    MACO 103 Advanced theory of materials

    SUBMITTED BY
    INTRODUCTION TO STONES FOR CONSTRUCTION
    Stone is a naturally available building material  which has been used from the early age of civilization.  It is available in the form of
    rocks, which is cut to  required size and shape and used as building block.

    CLASSIFICATION OF ROCKS

    ON THE BASIS OF ORIGIN OF ON THE BASIS OF PHYSICAL ON THE BASIS OF


    FORMATION CHARACTERS CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

    1. IGNEOUS ROCKS 1. STRATIFIED ROCKS 1. SILICIOUS ROCKS

    2. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS 2. UNSTRATIFIED ROCKS 2. ARGILLACEOUS ROCKS

    3. METAMORPHIC ROCKS 3. FOLIATED ROCKS 3. CALCAREOUS ROCKS

    Source: https://civilenggforall.com/building-materials-study-material-for-rrb-je-by-civilenggforall-free-download-pdf/
    ON THE BASIS OF ORIGIN OF FORMATION
    IGNEOUS ROCKS
    • The inside portion of the earth’s  surface has high temperature so as to cause fusion by heat at even
    ordinary pressures.
    • The  molten or pasty rocky material is known as the  magma. This magma always tries to come out of  the
    earth’s surface through cracks or fissures. 
    • The rocks which are formed by the cooling of  magma once on earth surface after volcanic eruption are
    known as the igneous rocks. Eg. basalt, granite, pumice, obsidian, tuff, diorite, gabbro and andesite.

    Basalt Granite

    SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

    • These rocks are formed by  regular deposition of products of weathering on  the pre-existing rock.
    • Gravel, sandstone, limestone, lignite, gypsum etc. are examples of sedimentary rocks. 

    Limestone
    Sandstone
    METAMORPHIC ROCKS
    • Previously formed igneous  and sedimentary rocks undergo changes due to  metamorphic action of pressure
    and internal heat  for e.g. due to metamorphic action granite becomes gneiss. 

    Gneiss

    Source: https://civilenggforall.com/building-materials-study-material-for-rrb-je-by-civilenggforall-free-download-pdf/
    ON THE BASIS OF ORIGIN OF FORMATION

    Source: A. Balasubramanian report on properties of building stones; Construction Aggregate Properties by Namita
    ON THE BASIS OF PHYSICAL CHARACTERS
    STRATIFIED ROCKS
    • Rocks have layered structure or possess planes of stratification. They can be easily split
    along these planes. 
    • E.g. Sand stone, lime stones, slate etc. 

    Slate

    UNSTRATIFIED ROCKS

    • These rocks possess crystalline and compact grains. They can not be split along  these
    planes.
    • E.g. Granite, trap, marble etc. 

    Marble

    FOLIATED ROCKS
    • These rocks have a tendency to  split along a definite direction only.
    • The direction need not be parallel to each other as in the  case of stratified rocks.
    • This type of structure is  very common in case of metamorphic rock. 

    Gneiss

    Source: https://civilenggforall.com/building-materials-study-material-for-rrb-je-by-civilenggforall-free-download-pdf/
    ON THE BASIS OF CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

    SILICIOUS ROCKS

    • The main content of these rocks  is silica.


    • These are hard and durable.
    • Eg. granite, trap etc. 

    ARGILLACEOUS ROCKS

    • The main constituent of  these rocks is argil i.e, clay.


    • These rocks are hard  and durable but brittle.
    • Eg:- Slates, laterites.

    CALCAREOUS ROCKS

    • The main constituent of these  rocks is calcium carbonate.


    • Limestone is a calcareous rock of sedimentary origin while marble  is a calcareous rock of metamorphic origin. 

    Source: https://civilenggforall.com/building-materials-study-material-for-rrb-je-by-civilenggforall-free-download-pdf/
    GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF INDIA

    Source: https://mines.gov.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/GSI_PDAC_2013.pdf

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