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    DID RIZAL RETRACT? - Readings of Philippine History

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    DIAN NAPONE OLANGO
    Rizal was a Filipino patriot who advocated for reforms under Spanish rule rather than independence. He published novels exposing the abuses of Spanish colonization. As a leader of the reform movement, he was exiled and eventually executed. There is debate around whether Rizal retracted his views before his execution, as the Jesuit priest Balaguer testified. However, a 2016 discovery of a cuerpo de Vigilancia report provides an eyewitness account that Rizal refused to sign a retraction and instead wrote his own statement, fueling doubts about his alleged retraction. His martyrdom inspired the Philippine independence movement.

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    DID RIZAL RETRACT? - Readings of Philippine History

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    DIAN NAPONE OLANGO
    57 views14 pages
    Rizal was a Filipino patriot who advocated for reforms under Spanish rule rather than independence. He published novels exposing the abuses of Spanish colonization. As a leader of the reform movement, he was exiled and eventually executed. There is debate around whether Rizal retracted his views before his execution, as the Jesuit priest Balaguer testified. However, a 2016 discovery of a cuerpo de Vigilancia report provides an eyewitness account that Rizal refused to sign a retraction and instead wrote his own statement, fueling doubts about his alleged retraction. His martyrdom inspired the Philippine independence movement.

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    Rizal was a Filipino patriot who advocated for reforms under Spanish rule rather than independence. He published novels exposing the abuses of Spanish colonization. As a leader of the reform movement, he was exiled and eventually executed. There is debate around whether Rizal retracted his views before his execution, as the Jesuit priest Balaguer testified. However, a 2016 discovery of a cuerpo de Vigilancia report provides an eyewitness account that Rizal refused to sign a retraction and instead wrote his own statement, fueling doubts about his alleged retraction. His martyrdom inspired the Philippine independence movement.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    57 views14 pages

    DID RIZAL RETRACT? - Readings of Philippine History

    Uploaded by

    DIAN NAPONE OLANGO
    Rizal was a Filipino patriot who advocated for reforms under Spanish rule rather than independence. He published novels exposing the abuses of Spanish colonization. As a leader of the reform movement, he was exiled and eventually executed. There is debate around whether Rizal retracted his views before his execution, as the Jesuit priest Balaguer testified. However, a 2016 discovery of a cuerpo de Vigilancia report provides an eyewitness account that Rizal refused to sign a retraction and instead wrote his own statement, fueling doubts about his alleged retraction. His martyrdom inspired the Philippine independence movement.

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    DID RIZAL RETRACT?

    JOSE RIZAL
    José Rizal, in full José Protasio Rizal Mercado y. Alonso
    Realonda, (born June 19, 1861, Calamba, Philippines—died
    December 30, 1896, Manila), patriot, physician, and man of
    letters who was an inspiration to the Philippine nationalist
    movement
    The son of a prosperous landowner, Rizal was educated in
    Manila and at the University of Madrid. A brilliant medical
    student, he soon committed himself to the reform of Spanish
    rule in his home country, though he never advocated Philippine
    independence. Most of his writing was done in Europe, where
    he resided between 1882 and 1892.
    • In 1887 Rizal published his first novel, Noli me tangere (The
    Social Cancer), a passionate exposure of the evils of Spanish
    rule in the Philippines. A sequel, El filibusterismo (1891; The
    Reign of Greed), established his reputation as the leading
    spokesman of the Philippine reform movement. He published
    an annotated edition (1890; reprinted 1958) of Antonio
    Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, hoping to show that
    the native people of the Philippines had a long history before
    the coming of the Spaniards.
    • He became the leader of the Propaganda Movement,
    contributing numerous articles to its newspaper, La
    Solidaridad, published in Barcelona. Rizal’s political
    program included integration of the Philippines as a
    province of Spain, representation in the Cortes (the
    Spanish parliament), the replacement of Spanish friars
    by Filipino priests, freedom of assembly and
    expression, and equality of Filipinos and Spaniards
    before the law
    • Rizal raeturned to the Philippines in 1892. He founded a
    nonviolent-reform society, the Liga Filipina, in Manila, and
    was deported to Dapitan in northwest Mindanao. He
    remained in exile for the next four years. In 1896 the
    Katipunan, a Filipino nationalist secret society, revolted
    against Spain. Although he had no connections with that
    organization and he had had no part in the insurrection, Rizal
    was arrested and tried for sedition by the military. Found
    guilty, he was publicly executed by a firing squad in Manila.
    • His martyrdom convinced Filipinos that there
    was no alternative to independence from Spain.
    On the eve of his execution, while confined in
    Fort Santiago, Rizal wrote “Último adiós” (“Last
    Farewell”), a masterpiece of 19th-century
    Spanish verse.
    The Balaguer Testimony
    • Doubts on the retraction document abound especially
    because only one eyewitness account of the writing of
    the document exists-that of the Jesuit friar Fr. Vicente
    Balagauer. According to his testimony. Rizal woke up
    several times, confessed four times attended a Mass,
    received communion, and prayed the rosary, all of
    which seemed out of character. But since it is the only
    testimony of allegedly a ”primary” account that Rizal
    ever wrote a retraction document, it has been used to
    argue the authenticity of the document.
    THE TESTIMONY OF CUERPO DE
    VIGILANCIA
    • Another eyewitness account surfaced in 2016
    through the research of Professor Rene R.
    Escalante. In his research, document of the
    cuerpo de Vigilancia included a report on the
    last hours of Rizal, written by Federico Moreno.
    The report details the statement of the cuerpo
    de Vigilancia to Moreno,
    Primary Source: Eyewitness Account of the
    Last hours Of Rizal
    • Source, Michael Charieston Chua, “Retraction ni Jose
    Rizal:Mga Bagong Dokumento at Pananaw,’’GMA news
    online, published 29 December2016 Most illustrious
    Sir, the agent of the cuerpo de Vigilancia stationed in
    Fort Santiago to report on the events during the
    (illegible)day in prison of the accused JOSE Rizal,
    informs me on this date of the following,
    • At 7:50 yesterday morning, Jose Rizal entered death
    row accompanied by his counsel, Señor Taviel de
    Andrade, and the Jesuit priest Vilaclara At the urgings
    of the former and moments after entering, he was
    served a light breakfast, At approximately 9, the
    assistant of the Plaza, Señor Maure, asked Rizal if he
    wanted anything He replied that at the moment he
    only wanted a prayer book, which was brought to him
    shortly by Father March,
    Primary Source: Eyewitness of the last
    hours of Rizal
    • Señor Andrade left death row at 10 and Rizal spoke for
    a long while with the Jesuit father, March and
    Vilaclara, regarding religious matters, it seems. It
    appears that these two presented him with a
    prepared retraction on his life and deeds that he
    refused to sign. They argued about the matter until
    12:30 when Rizal ate some poached egg and a little
    chicken. Afterwards he asked to leave to write and
    wrote for a long time by himself.
    At 3 in the afternoon, Father March entered the
    chapel and Rizal handed him what he had writer
    Immediately the chief of the firing squad, Señor del
    Freano and the Assistant of the Plaza, Señor Maure,
    were informed, Thy entered death row and together
    with Rizal signed the document that the accused had
    written,
    • At 5 this morning of the 30th, the lover of Rizal
    arrived at the prison… dressed in mourning.
    Only the former entered the chapel, followed by
    a military chaplain whose name I cannot
    ascertain. Donning his formal the woman who
    had been his lover were performed at the point
    of death (in articulo mortis). After embracing
    him she left, flooded with tears.
    THAN THANK YOU FOR
    LISTENING!!

    GROUP 3

    Kim, Merry Joy


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