Dart Programming Language
Dart
Dart is an open-source general-purpose programming language.
originally developed by Google and later approved as a standard by ECMA.
Dart is a new programming language meant for the server as well as the browser.
Dart is an object-oriented language with C-style syntax which can optionally trans compile
into JavaScript
Run time environment – Online text editor
https://dartpad.dartlang.org/
Sample syntax
void main() {
print('hello world');
}
Dart syntax
Whitespace and Line Breaks- Dart ignores spaces, tabs, and newlines that appear in
programs
Dart is case-sensitive- means that Dart differentiates between uppercase and lowercase
characters.
Statements end with a Semicolon -Each dart statement must end with a semicolon (;).
Comments in Dart
Single-line comments ( // ) − Any text between a "//" and the end of a line is treated as a
comment
Multi-line comments (/* */) − These comments may span multiple lines.
Data type in dart
The Dart language supports the following types−
• Numbers
• Strings
• Booleans
• Lists
• Maps
Naming Rule for variable
Variable names are called identifiers. Following are the naming rules for an identifier −
• Identifiers cannot be keywords.
• Identifiers can contain alphabets and numbers.
• Identifiers cannot contain spaces and special characters, except the underscore (_) and the
dollar ($) sign.
• Variable names cannot begin with a number.
• Variable name are case sensitive.
• Int num;
• NUM=10;
Numbers
Dart Integer
used to store whole numbers.(64 bits)
int age =25;
Dart Double
used to store a 64 bit floating-point number
double pi=3.14;
Dart String
used to store series or sequence of character,letters,numbers and specical character.
String name='smith';
variable
Dart Boolean
used to stored true or false
bool isValid=true;
Dart lists
is used to represent a collection of objects.
var list=[1,2,3];
Dart Maps
is used to represent a set of values as key-value pairs.
var weekDays={'Day1':'Mon','Day1':'Tue','Day1':'Wed'};
Type Syntax
A variable must be declared before it is used. Dart uses the var keyword to achieve the
same. The syntax for declaring a variable is as given below .
var name = 'Smith’;
Print (name);
Default value
in Dart, uninitialized variables are provided with an initital value is null
syntax
void main() {
var a;
print(a);
}
Operator in dart
Add +
Subtract -
Multiply *
Divide /
Get the remainder of an integer division %
Increment ++
decrement --
Equality and Relational Operators
Operator Description Example
> Greater than (A > B) is False
< Lesser than (A < B) is True
>= Greater than or equal to (A >= B) is False
<= Lesser than or equal to (A <= B) is True
== Equality (A==B) is False
!= Not equal (A!=B) is True
Dart Programming - If Else Statement
if(boolean_expression){
// statement(s) will execute if the Boolean expression is true.
} else {
// statement(s) will execute if the Boolean expression is false.
}
If the Boolean expression evaluates to be true, then the if block
of code will be executed, otherwise else block of code will be
executed.
Example - syntax
Live Demo
void main() {
var num = 12;
if (num % 2==0) {
print("Even");
} else {
print("Odd");
}
}
Parse()-
The parse() static function allows parsing a string containing numeric literal into a
number.
void main() {
print(num.parse('12'));
print(num.parse('10.91'));
}
${}
use "${}" can be used to interpolate the value of a Dart expression within strings.
void main() {
int num1=10;
int num2=20;
int sum=num1+num2;
print ("total sum result is ${sum}");
}
Operator +
The operator plus (+) is a commonly used mechanism to concatenate / interpolate strings.
void main() {
String str1 = "hello";
String str2 = "world";
String res = str1+str2;
print("The concatenated string : ${res}");
}
Methods to Manipulate Strings
1 toLowerCase() Converts all characters in this string to lower case.
2 toUpperCase() Converts all characters in this string to upper case.
3 trim() Returns the string without any leading and trailing whitespace.
4 compareTo() Compares this object to another.
replaceAll() Replaces all substrings that match the specified pattern with a
5
given value.
Methods to Manipulate Strings
split() Splits the string at matches of the specified delimiter and
6
returns a list of substrings.
substring() Returns the substring of this string that extends from startIndex,
7
inclusive, to endIndex, exclusive.
8 toString() Returns a string representation of this object.
looping
For loop
void main() {
for(int i=1;i<=5;i++){
print ("Number is${i}");
}
}
While loop
void main() {
int i=1;
while(i<5){
print("Number is ${i}");
i++;
}
}
Do while loop
void main() {
int i=1;
do {
print("Number is ${i}");
i++;
}while(i<=5);
