Introduction To Muscular System

Davidsol M.
Mendoza
Objectives
• identify the functions of muscular
system.
• determine the properties of muscles.
• recognize and explain the classification
muscle
Is there is any connection
between mouse and
muscle??????
• The term muscle is derived from the

Latin musculus meaning "little mouse"
perhaps because of the shape of certain
muscles or the contracting muscles look
like mice moving under the skin
Muscle
A muscle is a group of
tissues which contract
together to produce a
force.
Fun facts about the muscular system
• Muscles make up approximately 40

percent of total weight.
• The heart is the hardest-working muscle
in the body.
• It pumps 5 quarts of blood per minute
and 2,000 gallons daily.
• The gluteus maximus is the body’s
largest muscle.
• It is in the buttocks and helps humans
maintain an upright posture.
Fun facts about the muscular system
cont.
• The ear contains the smallest muscles
in the body alongside the smallest
bones. These muscles hold the inner
ear together and are connected to the
eardrum.
• A muscle called the masseter in the
jaw is the strongest muscle by weight.
• It allows the teeth to close with a force
of up to 55 pounds on the incisors or
200 pounds on the molars.
Functions of the muscular
system
• Mobility (gross and fine • Digestion
movement) • Urination
• Stability • Childbirth
• Posture • Vision
• Circulation • Organ protection
• Respiration • Temperature regulation
Functional Properties of Muscle
• Contractility is the ability of muscle cells to forcefully

shorten. For instance, in order to flex (decrease the angle
of a joint) your elbow you need to contract (shorten) the
biceps brachii and other elbow flexor muscles in the
anterior arm. Notice that in order to extend your elbow,
the posterior arm extensor muscles need to contract.
Thus, muscles can only pull, never push.
• Excitability is the ability to respond to a stimulus, which
may be delivered from a motor neuron or a hormone.
Functional Properties of Muscle
• Extensibility is the ability of a muscle to be stretched. For
instance, let's reconsider our elbow flexing motion we
discussed earlier. In order to be able to flex the elbow, the
elbow extensor muscles must extend in order to allow
flexion to occur. Lack of extensibility is known as spasticity.
• Spasticity- muscle stiffness
• Elasticity is the ability to recoil or bounce back to the
muscle's original length after being stretched.
• Adaptability - The muscular system is adaptable in that it
can be changed in response to how it is use
Types of Muscle Movements
•Adduction
•Abduction
•Flexion
•Extension
•Rotation
Classifications of Muscles
Voluntary Muscle
•Voluntary muscles are those which are under conscious
control, which means under the control of the
somatosensory nervous system. This includes the skeletal
muscles that attach to the bones and skin.
Involuntary Muscle
•Involuntary muscle is under unconscious control, which
means under the control of the autonomic nervous
system. These muscles contract without us being aware
of it. Involuntary muscle includes: the smooth muscles
that line organs, as well as the cardiac muscle of the
heart.
There are three types
of muscles:
Skeletal Muscles
• Skeletal muscles are attached mainly to the
skeletal bones but some are also attached to
other structures (such as the eyes for eye
movement) and causes movements of the body.
• Skeletal muscle is also called striated muscle,
because of its banding pattern when viewed
under a microscope.
• It is considered as a voluntary muscle (because
muscle contractions can be consciously
controlled).
Cardiac Muscles
• Cardiac muscle is responsible for the rhythmic
contractions of the heart. Cardiac muscle is
involuntary—it generates its own stimuli to
initiate a muscle contraction.
• While cardiac muscle also consists of striations,
the main characteristic (to differentiate these
striations from skeletal muscle) is the presence of
intercalated disks.
Smooth Muscles
• Smooth muscle lines the walls of hollow organs.

For example, it lines the walls of blood vessels
and of the digestive tract, where it serves to
advance the movement of substances.
• A smooth muscle contraction is relatively slow
and involuntary.

Introduction To Muscular System

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Introduction To Muscular System

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Introduction To Muscular System

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Davidsol M.

• The term muscle is derived from the

• Muscles make up approximately 40

• Contractility is the ability of muscle cells to forcefully

• Smooth muscle lines the walls of hollow organs.

You might also like