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    Basics of Piping Engineering

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    Ayush
    The document provides an overview of piping engineering basics. It states that 25% of total project costs are for piping. The roles of a piping engineer include material selection, complying with codes and standards, pipe sizing, selecting valves, and preparing piping drawings and layouts. It also discusses piping components like pipes, fittings, flanges, and valves as well as piping drawings components such as title blocks, revisions, legends, and notes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Basics of Piping Engineering

    Uploaded by

    Ayush
    172 views43 pages
    The document provides an overview of piping engineering basics. It states that 25% of total project costs are for piping. The roles of a piping engineer include material selection, complying with codes and standards, pipe sizing, selecting valves, and preparing piping drawings and layouts. It also discusses piping components like pipes, fittings, flanges, and valves as well as piping drawings components such as title blocks, revisions, legends, and notes.

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    BASICS OF PIPING ENGINEERING

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    The document provides an overview of piping engineering basics. It states that 25% of total project costs are for piping. The roles of a piping engineer include material selection, complying with codes and standards, pipe sizing, selecting valves, and preparing piping drawings and layouts. It also discusses piping components like pipes, fittings, flanges, and valves as well as piping drawings components such as title blocks, revisions, legends, and notes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    172 views43 pages

    Basics of Piping Engineering

    Uploaded by

    Ayush
    The document provides an overview of piping engineering basics. It states that 25% of total project costs are for piping. The roles of a piping engineer include material selection, complying with codes and standards, pipe sizing, selecting valves, and preparing piping drawings and layouts. It also discusses piping components like pipes, fittings, flanges, and valves as well as piping drawings components such as title blocks, revisions, legends, and notes.

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    You are on page 1of 43

    BASICS OF PIPING

    ENGINEERING
    Gujarat Refinery .

    10.12.2020

    1
    Project Cost BREAK UP

     50% - Equipments
     25% - Piping
     10 % - Instrumentation
     15% - Civil, Electrical and Misc.

    2
    PIPING ENGINEERING

    Roles of a piping engineer


     Material Selection
     Complying with Codes and Standards
     Pipe Sizing
     Valves selection
     Piping drawing and lay out preparation
     Pipe stresses and stress/Flexibility analysis

    3
    CODES AND STANDARDS

    ASME Piping Codes.


    ASME B 31.1 – Power piping
    ASME B 31.2 - Fuel Gas piping
    ASME B 31.3 – Process piping
    ASME B 31.4 – Pipeline transportation
    system for Hydrocarbon and other liquid
    ASME B 31.12 –Hydrogen piping and Pipe
    Lines
    4
    CODES AND STANDARDS
     API Standards
     ASTM Standards
     AWS Standards
     Bureau of Indian Standards
     IBR
     NACE

    5
    PIPING Components

    6
    Piping Components Include

     Pipe and Tubes


     Fittings (e.g. Elbows, Reducers, Tee, Flanges etc)
     Gaskets, Bolts
     Valves
     Pipe Support
     Special Items Such as Expansion Joints

    7
    Pipes

     Seamless
     Welded:
     Longitudinal Seam
     •Single seam
     •Double seam(NPS36”)
     -Helical(spiral)seam

    8
    9
     Pipe:
     NPS:1/8”,%”,3/8”,%”,1”,1VS,2”,3”,4”,6”,8”,10”,
    12”,14”,16”,18”,20”,24”,28”,30”,32”,36”,40”,44”,48
    ”52”,56”,60”
     NPS 1 1/4”,2 1/2”,3 1/2”,5” not used
     Pipe is supplied in
     Random length(17to25ft)
     Double random length(38to48ft)
     Pipe end:
     BE(bevel end)
     PE(plain end)
     T&C(treaded and coupled, rating of coupling shall be
    specified

    10
    11
    SCHEDULE SELECTION
    Pipes thickness is usually mentioned as Schedule. Select the schedule
    which has thickness slightly higher than required.
    Nom. Dia outside dia. sch.10 sch.20 sch.30 std wt. sch.40 sch.60
      mm inch mm. inch mm. inch mm. inch mm. inch mm. inch mm. inch
    1/2' 21.34 0.84             2.77 0.11 2.77 0.11    
    3/4' 26.67 1.05             2.87 0.11 2.87 0.11    
    1" 33.4 1.31             3.38 0.13 3.38 0.13    
    1 1/4" 42.16 1.66             3.56 0.14 3.56 0.14    
    1 1/2" 48.26 1.9             3.68 0.14 3.68 0.14    
    2" 60.32 2.37             3.91 0.15 3.91 0.15    
    2 1/2" 73.02 2.87             5.16 0.2 5.16 0.2    
    3" 88.9 3.5             5.49 0.22 5.49 0.22    
    3 1/2" 101.6 4             5.74 0.23 5.74 0.23    
    4" 114.3 4.5             6.02 0.24 6.02 0.24    
    5" 141.3 5.56             6.55 0.26 6.55 0.26    
    6' 168.27 6.62             7.11 0.28 7.11 0.28    
    8' 219.07 8.62     6.35 0.25 7.04 0.28 8.18 0.32 8.18 0.32 10.31 0.41
    10' 273.1 10.8     6.35 0.25 7.8 0.31 9.27 0.36 9.27 0.36 12.7 0.5
    12" 323.9 12.8     6.35 0.25 8.38 0.33 9.52 0.37 10.31 0.41 14.27 0.56
    14" 355.6 14 6.35 0.25 7.92 0.31 9.52 0.37 9.52 0.37 11.13 0.44 15.09 0.59
    16" 406.4 16 6.35 0.25 7.92 0.31 9.52 0.37 9.52 0.37 12.7 0.5 16.66 0.66
    18" 457.2 18 6.35 0.25 7.92 0.31 11.13 0.44 9.52 0.37 14.08 0.55 19.05 0.75
    20' 508 20 6.35 0.25 9.52 0.37 12.7 0.5 9.52 0.37 15.09 0.59 20.62 0.81
    22" 558.8 22 6.35 0.25 9.52 0.37 12.7 0.5 9.52 0.37 15.88 12 0.63 22.22 0.87
    24" 609.6 24 6.35 0.25 9.52 0.37 14.27 0.56 9.52 0.37 17.48 0.69 24.6 0.97
    13
    Pipe Fittings

    14
    15
    16
    Flanges

     Flanges are used where the Joints need Dismantling.


    These are mainly used in the Equipment's, Valves,
    Specialties'. In Certain pipelines, where maintenance is
    a regular feature a breakup flange is provided for the
    maintenance purpose. A flange joint is Composed of
    three separate and independent although intererelated
    components: The Flanges, Gaskets and Bolts.

    17
    18
     Flange Rating Class:

    Pressure/temperature combinations

    Seven classes (150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1,500,


    2,500)

    Flange strength increases with class number

    The material specifications are grouped within


    Material Group Numbers

    19
    20
    Valves

    21
     Valve are use for
     Controlling process and utility service
     Isolating equipment or instrument for maintenances
     Discharge gas, vapor or liquid
     Draining piping and equipment on shutdown
     Emergency shutdown

    22
     Classify valves according to functions:
    1. Block flow (On / Off)
    2. Regulating (Throttle flow)
    3. Checking (Prevent flow reversal)
    4. Switching
    5. Discharging (pressure relive valve)
     Classify valves according to operating device:
    1. Manual
    2. Hydraulic
    3. Motor (electric and air operated)
    4. Solenoid

    23
    Type of valves:
     Ball valves
     Gate valves
     Globe valves
     Check Valves
     Plug valve
     Butterfly valves
     Pinch valve
     Needle valves
     Relief Valve

    24
    Gate Valve

    25
     About 75% of all valves in process plants
     An optimum engineering and economic choice for on
    or off service, (cutout or isolation valves)
     ADV: small pressure drop across valve
     DISADV: poor throttling characteristics

    26
    Globe Valve

    27
     Most economic for throttling flow and used for flow
    control
     Can be hand-controlled
     Provides “tight” shutoff
     Too costly for on/off block operations
     ADV: excellent throttling characteristics
     DISADV: large pressure drop across the valve due to
    the flow restriction (thus more pumping power is
    required to move the fluid through the system.)

    28
    Check Valve

    29
    Ball Valve

    30
     Used for isolation (quick on / off)
     Soft-sealed ball valves are not normally used for
    throttling service because the soft-seats are subject
    to erosion or distortion/displacement caused by fluid
    flow when the valve is in the partially open position.
     ADV: Low pressure drop, fast operating, bubble tight shut
    off, can be throttled Check Valves
     DISADV: Expensive, heavy, poor throttling

    31
    32
    33
    Drawings Components

     Drawing components include:


     Title block
     Revision
     Key plan
     Reference drawings
     Legend
     Important notes
     Graphic reference point
     Line number
     Flow directions
     Connections

    34
    Title Block

    35
    Space for Revision

    36
    Key Plan

    37
    Reference Drawings

    38
    Legend

    39
    Important Notes

    40
    Key Reference Point

    41
    42
    THANK YOU

    43

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