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    Cardiovascular The Heart

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    geng geng
    The heart is approximately the size of a fist and located in the chest cavity. [1] It is protected by the pericardium, which has layers that prevent overfilling and allow friction-free movement. [2] The heart wall consists of three layers - the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium. [3] Major blood vessels include the pulmonary trunk, aorta, and coronary arteries which supply the heart muscle. [4] The four chambers of the heart are the right and left atria which receive blood, and the thicker walled right and left ventricles which pump blood to the lungs and body. [5]

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    Cardiovascular The Heart

    Uploaded by

    geng geng
    28 views18 pages
    The heart is approximately the size of a fist and located in the chest cavity. [1] It is protected by the pericardium, which has layers that prevent overfilling and allow friction-free movement. [2] The heart wall consists of three layers - the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium. [3] Major blood vessels include the pulmonary trunk, aorta, and coronary arteries which supply the heart muscle. [4] The four chambers of the heart are the right and left atria which receive blood, and the thicker walled right and left ventricles which pump blood to the lungs and body. [5]

    Original Title

    Cardiovascular

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    The heart is approximately the size of a fist and located in the chest cavity. [1] It is protected by the pericardium, which has layers that prevent overfilling and allow friction-free movement. [2] The heart wall consists of three layers - the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium. [3] Major blood vessels include the pulmonary trunk, aorta, and coronary arteries which supply the heart muscle. [4] The four chambers of the heart are the right and left atria which receive blood, and the thicker walled right and left ventricles which pump blood to the lungs and body. [5]

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    28 views18 pages

    Cardiovascular The Heart

    Uploaded by

    geng geng
    The heart is approximately the size of a fist and located in the chest cavity. [1] It is protected by the pericardium, which has layers that prevent overfilling and allow friction-free movement. [2] The heart wall consists of three layers - the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium. [3] Major blood vessels include the pulmonary trunk, aorta, and coronary arteries which supply the heart muscle. [4] The four chambers of the heart are the right and left atria which receive blood, and the thicker walled right and left ventricles which pump blood to the lungs and body. [5]

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 18

    CARDIOVASCULAR

    THE HEART
    HEART ANATOMY
    × Approximately the size
    of your fist
    × Location
    × Superior surface of
    diaphragm
    × Left of the midline
    × Anterior to the
    vertebral column,
    posterior to the
    sternum

    2
    3
    PHYSIOLOGY

    4
    PERICARDIUM:
    × The Function of the Pericardium:
    × Protects and anchors the heart
    × Prevents overfilling of the
    heart with blood
    × Allows for the heart to work in
    a relatively friction-free
    environment
    5
    PERICARDIAL LAYERS OF THE
    HEART

    6
    HEART WALL
    × Epicardium – visceral layer of the serous
    pericardium
    × Myocardium – cardiac muscle layer forming the
    bulk of the heart
    × Fibrous skeleton of the heart – crisscrossing,
    interlacing layer of connective tissue
    × Endocardium – endothelial layer of the inner
    myocardial surface 7
    MAJOR VESSELS OF THE HEART:
    ANTERIOR VIEW
    × Vessels returning × Vessels conveying blood away
    blood to the heart from the heart include:
    include: 1. Pulmonary trunk, which
    1. Superior and splits into right and left
    inferior venae cavae pulmonary arteries
    2. Right and left 2. Ascending aorta (three
    pulmonary veins branches) –
    a. Brachiocephalic
    b. Left common carotid
    c. Subclavian arteries 8
    Vessels that Supply/Drain the
    Heart (Anterior View)
    × Arteries – right and left × Veins – small
    coronary (in cardiac, anterior
    atrioventricular groove), cardiac, and great
    marginal, circumflex, cardiac veins
    and anterior
    interventricular arteries
    9
    10
    External Heart: Major Vessels
    of the Heart (Posterior View)
    × Vessels returning × Vessels conveying
    blood to the heart blood away from
    include: the heart include:
    1. Right and left 1. Aorta
    pulmonary 2. Right and left
    veins pulmonary
    2. Superior and arteries
    inferior venae
    11
    cavae
    External Heart: Vessels that
    Supply/Drain the Heart
    (Posterior View)
    × Arteries – right × Veins – great cardiac
    coronary artery (in vein, posterior vein to
    atrioventricular groove) left ventricle, coronary
    and the posterior sinus, and middle
    interventricular artery cardiac vein
    (in interventricular
    groove)
    12
    13
    14
    Atria of the Heart
    • Atria are the • Blood enters right
    receiving chambers atria from superior
    of the heart and inferior venae
    • Each atrium has a cavae and
    protruding auricle coronary sinus
    Pectinate muscles • Blood enters left
    mark atrial walls atria from
    pulmonary veins
    15
    Ventricles of the Heart
    • Ventricles are the discharging chambers
    of the heart
    • Papillary muscles and trabeculae
    carneae muscles mark ventricular walls
    • Right ventricle pumps blood into the
    pulmonary trunk
    • Left ventricle pumps blood into the aorta
    16
    • Thickness of myocardium varies
    according to the function of the chamber
    • Atria are thin walled, deliver blood to
    adjacent ventricles
    • Ventricle walls are much thicker and
    stronger
     Right ventricle supplies blood to the lungs (little
    flow resistance)
     left ventricle wall is the thickest to supply
    systemic circulation
    17
    Maps

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    18

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