IP TAX Project

Presented by : R. K. Kaushik, Jt. DDG (TAX)

 NGN Concept
Service / Application Layer

Control Layer
PSPDN

PLMN

PSTN

Transport Layer

Access Layer

Each vertical on the left has to be split into Network

Elements that map onto horizontals on the right
 NGN Concept
Service / Application Layer

Application Layer

NGN
IMS

Transport Layer

Access Layer

PLMN PSTN

Circuit to Packet migration is first step in mapping of

PSTN to NGN
 NGN – ITU Perspective
• Next Generation Network (NGN) provides a framework
for network evolution, as defined by the ITU-T (Rec.
Y.2001)
• Key Characteristics
– Packet-based network [generally Internet Protocol or IP]
– Independence of service-related functions from underlying
transport technologies
– Interworking with legacy networks via open interfaces
– Generalized mobility
– Unrestricted access by users to different services and/or
service providers
 ETSI NGN Vision
• Mobile/Fixed Convergence, based on the “IMS” platform
• A multi-service, multi-protocol, multi-access,
IP based network - secure, reliable and trusted
• Multi-services: delivered by
a common QoS enabled core network.
• Multi-access: diverse connectivity networks;
fixed and mobile terminals, (Mobile, xDSL, etc)
• Not one network, but different networks
that interoperate seamlessly
• Mobility of both users and devices
• “My communications services”
– anywhere, any terminal
>>> all of this leads to a true Next Generation Network
 The Vendor’s Perspective
• Mobile: Motorola, NEC, Nokia, Samsung
• Fixed: Cisco, Italtel, Sonus, Tekelec, Veraz
• Mobile/Fixed: Alcatel, Ericsson, Siemens, Huawei,
UTStarcom
• Fixed/Mobile: Lucent, Nortel
• Mobile/Fixed and Mobile are leaders in Session
Management
• Fixed and Fixed/Mobile are leading with MGCF
 PSTN to NGN
Migration
BSNL Perspective
 PSTN to NGN
PSTN NGN Components
Switch

Call Server /
Call Control Soft Switch

Routers of
Switching IP/MPLS
Network

Interfaces SG / TMG / LAG

Gateways

TDM
Transport
Network
Common IP MPLS Transport
 Softswitch Signaling STP
STP
Gateway Network
Network

Announcement
Server Trunk
IP MPLS Core Network
Media
Gateway

PSTN Switch

Step- 1: IP TAX – Class 4 NGN

 GENERIC REFERENCE DIAGRAM FOR ‘IP BASED TAX’

Sigtran / SCTP
Sigtran / SCTP NMS
Softswitch Softswitch
SIP-T
(MGC)
SG 1,2 (MGC) SG 1,2
Q.1912.5

SS7 SS7
ANNOUNCEMENT
ANNOUNCEMENT SERVER
SERVER H.248
STP Function STP Function
NTP
H.248 CORE IP
SERVER
SS7 BACKBONE SS7
NETWORK

PSTN PSTN

Bearer Channels
Bearer Channels
MG MG
IP/RTP
 Scope of IP TAX Project
• Setting up Two Soft Switches at New Delhi and Chennai and
Signalling Gateways at New Delhi, Chennai, Kolkotta and
Bangalore

• Providing Trunk Media Gateways (TMGs) at 21 Level-1 locations

• Providing one Announcement Servers in each IP domain

• Billing interface to Centralized Billing Server

• NMS
 IP TAX Components
• Soft Switch (or Call Agent or Telephony Server or Media
Gateway Controller)
– Based upon Open Architecture
– Should preferably be developed on Commercially Available
Hardware and Software Platforms
– Should be able to provide all existing services available in TDM
network
– Performs Media Gateway Control Function
– Performs Call control, signalling and interworking, Traffic
measurement and recording functions
– Provides Addressing, Analysis, routing and charging
facilities
– Interacts with Application Server to supply services not
hosted on Softswitch
 IP TAX Components
• Signalling Gateway

– Provides interworking function between SS7

network and IP network
• This involves providing various types of User
Adaptations so that the SS7 signalling can be
terminated in SGW and can be translated and
messages transported over IP Network
– Performs Packetization of signalling and
ensures its transport through IP network
 IP TAX Components
• Trunk Media Gateway
– Performs the functions of
• Voice encoding & Compression
• Packetization of voice channels
• CNF (Comfort Noise Generation)
• VAD (Voice Activity Detection)
• Echo Cancellation
• May provide the edge functionality and act as CE
 NMS

Soft switch
(MGC) AS EMS SG
New Delhi
0

PT - 8
AM RJ
AG -4 MG -4 MG
-4
MG
LW -
4
MG
MG
JLN
-4 MG
MG KOL
- 16

ND GU - 4
-40 MG BSNL’s MPLS Core MG Existing
STP N/w
JPR MG MG
-4
RPR - 4
AHM MG
-8
MG
BPL
MG MG HYD
-8
-4 MG CHN
MBI MG MG CBT - 4 MG - 16
- 40 MG
MG
NGP – 4 BG - ENK - 4
12 CK - 4

Chennai

Soft switch
(MGC) AS EMS SG
 Future IP TAX Requirement
TAX
Ca pa city Soft Signa lling
UNIT MGW s
Re quire d Sw itche s Ga te w a ys
(in KC)
AN 10.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
AP 358.0 3.0 5.0 18.0
AS 64.0 1.0 1.0 4.0
BH 213.0 2.0 3.0 11.0
CHG 50.0 1.0 1.0 3.0
ETR 533.0 4.0 7.0 27.0
GJ 391.0 3.0 5.0 20.0
HP 110.5 1.0 2.0 6.0
HR 87.0 1.0 2.0 5.0
JK 43.5 1.0 1.0 3.0
JKD 150.0 1.0 2.0 8.0
KRL 523.0 4.0 7.0 27.0
KT 329.5 3.0 5.0 17.0
MH 327.0 3.0 5.0 17.0
MP 259.5 2.0 4.0 13.0
NE-I 22.0 1.0 1.0 2.0
NE-II 74.0 1.0 1.0 4.0
NTR 360.0 3.0 5.0 18.0
OR 139.5 1.0 2.0 7.0
PB 248.5 2.0 4.0 13.0
RJ 322.5 3.0 5.0 17.0
STR 667.5 5.0 9.0 34.0
TN 504.5 4.0 7.0 26.0
UCHL 34.0 1.0 1.0 2.0
UPE 330.0 3.0 5.0 17.0
UPW 42.5 1.0 1.0 3.0
WB 89.5 1.0 2.0 5.0
W TR 192.0 2.0 3.0 10.0
Gra nd Tota l 6,476 59.0 97.0 338.0
 Application Softswitch Signaling STP
STP
Servers Network
Gateway Network

Announcement /
Media Trunk
Server IP MPLS Core Network
Media
Gateway

Other
Session
Other PSTN Switch
VoIP
VoIP
Border
Network
Network Controller
Line /
Customer Network Access Network Access
Gateway

Step 2: IP TAX and Access in NGN

 Class 5 Components
• Application Server (or Feature Server)
– Provides service logic and execution of user (or
customer) services that are not directly hosted on
Softswitch
– Due to open architecture and standards it can be a
third party product
 Class 5 Components
• Session Border Controller (SBC)
– Deployed at edge (IP-IP network border as between service provider and
customer / enterprise network) and core (IP-IP network border as between
two service providers) of service provider’s network to
control signaling and media streams as they enter /
exit the network
– Provides security, denial of service attacks, overload
control, Network Address Translation and Firewall
Traversal, Lawful Interception, QoS management,
Protocol Translation, call accounting
 Class 5 Components
• Access Gateway
– Performs the functions of
• Media conversion
• Codec Negotiation
• Termination of line side interfaces like phones,
devices and PBXs
• Echo Cancellation
• VAD (Voice Activity Detection and Comfort Noise
Generation)
• Providing edge functionality and act as CE router
Next Generation Switching Architecture

Application
Server Soft switch SBC

Line PRI
Access Access
Gateway Gateway

SHDSL
V5.2

Common IP MPLS Transport

RSU
2B+D
ADSL/ADSL2+
AN

TMG
E1s Local / Rural
SSTP Network Exchanges
 NGN Definition
• ITU-T definition for NGN:
– A Next Generation Network (NGN) is a packet-
based network able to provide services including
Telecommunication Services and able to make use
of multiple broadband, QoS-enabled transport
technologies and in which service-related
functions are independent from underlying
transport-related technologies. It offers
unrestricted access by users to different service
providers. It supports generalized mobility which
will allow consistent and ubiquitous provision of
services to users
Step 3: Fully Converged Architecture
IMS Architecture
 IMS Key Components
Network Function Role Origin

Call Session Control Handles registration of end SIP Proxy Servers,

Function (CSCF) points, routing of SIP Developed from scratch
signaling messages

Home Subscriber Server One-stop database for user HLR from mobile network
(HSS) information
 
Media Gateway Control Softswitch Media Gateway Softswitch
Function (MGCF) Control

Application Server (AS) Provide service logic for Feature Servers, Feature
applications sets from Softswitches

Policy Decision Function Provides QoS Existing Policy Managers,

(PDF) from scratch
Migration Path to IMS
THANK YOU
 NGN Class 5 Features

– Mobility: It should be possible for users to register

dynamically their current location so that they can be
contacted when mobile using a publicized address
– Forking: It should be possible to associate multiple devices
with a single address, so that all or a selection of these devices
can be contacted simultaneously or in succession
– Features Negotiation: It should be possible for the users to
negotiate media and protocol extensions to be used for a
particular call for setting up any type of media conversation,
including voice, video and messaging
 NGN Class 5 Features

– Applications Flexibility: It should be possible to

define, create and implement new applications in the
network. The new applications may be built up on
separate Application Servers which may be located in
the same network / domain or in some other
network / domain. The addition of new applications
will normally not require changes in any of the
devices, other than hosts, in the transport network
– Combinational services: It should be possible to
combine different services into one service e.g.,
instant messaging and voice
 Comparison
Soft Switch IMS
- Small step - Big step
- Yields IP cost
- Yields IP cost
advantages
advantages
- Does not as easily
- Easily supports current support current PSTN
PSTN services services
- Makes use of Intelligent - Does not use IN
Network (IN) services - Platform for non PSTN
services
- Achieves fixed & mobile
core network
convergence.
 Circuit Switching (CAS)
Transit
Local Local
Exchange Call Control Exchange

Switching Call Control

Call Control

Signaling
Signaling & Bearer
Interfaces
Switching & Bearer Switching

Interfaces Interfaces

Bearer is a voice channel

 Circuit Switching (CCS)
Transit
Local Local
Exchange Call Control Exchange

Switching Call Control

Call Control

Bearer
Bearer
Interfaces
Switching Switching

Interfaces Interfaces
Call Control

Switching

Signaling Signaling
Interfaces

STP
 Circuit Switching (CCS)
Transit
Local Local
Exchange Call Control Exchange

Switching Call Control

Call Control

Bearer
Bearer
Interfaces
Switching Switching

Interfaces Interfaces

Signaling Signaling
Signaling
Transfer
 Circuit Switching (CCS)
Transit
Local Local
Exchange Call Control Exchange

Call Control Call Control

Bearer Bearer
Bearer
Switching Transfer Switching

Interfaces Interfaces

Signaling Signaling
Signaling
Transfer
Soft Switching Transit Architecture
Transit
Local Local
Exchange Soft switch Exchange

Call Control Call Control

Gateway Gateway
Bearer
Switching
Switching
Bearer
Common IP MPLS Transport
Interfaces Interfaces

Signaling Gateway Gateway Signaling

Next Generation Switching
Transit
Local
Soft switch Exchange

Call Control

Gateway
Gateway Bearer
Switching

Common IP MPLS Transport

Interfaces

Gateway Signaling
When 3G and MPLS core are available
Transit Option-I
Local
Exchange

GSM Network
Call Control
3G
Bearer
Switching

Signaling Interfaces
Common IP MPLS Transport
When 3G and MPLS core are available
Transit Option-II (Preferred Solution)
Local
Soft switch Exchange

GSM Network
Call Control
3G TMG

Bearer
Switching

Common IP MPLS Transport

Interfaces

SGW Signaling
IMS Architecture
Overview of NMS Site - Chennai
NMS Local Terminals

AS
SSW FE
FE PLMN
PLMN
Billing System
TMG PSTN
PSTN
LAN Gig-E
E1/STM-1
SGW SW
FE

STP Gig-E
MPLS Edge
STP
PSTN/PLMN
PSTN/PLMN
Overview of Soft Switch Site - New Delhi
Remote NMS Terminals

AS
SSW FE PLMN
PLMN
FE

TMG PSTN
PSTN
LAN
Gig-E E1/STM-1
SGW SW
FE

STP
MPLS Edge
STP Gig-E
PSTN/PLMN
PSTN/PLMN
Overview of SGW Site – Bangalore & Kolkatta

Remote NMS Terminals

PLMN
PLMN

TMG PSTN
PSTN
LAN
Gig-E E1/STM-1
SGW SW
FE

STP
MPLS Edge
STP Gig-E
PSTN/PLMN
PSTN/PLMN
Overview of Other 16 Level-I Sites

Remote NMS Terminals

PLMN
PLMN

TMG PSTN
PSTN
LAN
Gig-E E1/STM-1
SW

MPLS Edge
Gig-E
EOI
 EOI for NGN Project
• The TAX requirement for next two years is about
6.5 million circuits
• Tender for deployment of 200 KC IP TAX is
under evaluation
• EOI is being floated for inviting bidders to get
their equipment validated
• Successful bidders in EOI will become eligible
to participate in the future requirement of 6.5
million DS0s
 EOI for NGN Project
• The EOI is for both IP TAX(Class 4) and Access
Network (Class 5)
• The EOI envisages validation for three types of
Configurations viz.,:
–  a) Configuration 1.0 (IP-TAX)
– b) Configuration 2.0 (Access Network)
– c) Configuration 3.0 (Application Services)
• Validation Certificates are proposed to be issued
for each configuration
 Equipment for Configuration 1.0
S# Equipment Qty Remarks
1 Soft Switch 2
2 Trunk Media Gateway 4 At least one Media Gateway of each
category (B, C, D, E)
3 Signaling Gateway 4
4 LAN Switch 1
5 Announcement / Media 2
Server
6 Equipment for Billing 1
System Interface
 Equipment for Configuration 2.0
S# Equipment Qty Remarks
1 Soft Switch 2
2 Trunk Media Gateway 4 At least one Media Gateway of each
category (B, C, D, E)
3 Line Access Gateway 2 At least one Line Access Gateway of
each type (Type-I and Type-II)
4 Access Gateway 2 At least one Access Gateway of each type
(Type-I and Type-II)
5 Session Border Controller 1
6 Signaling Gateway 4
7 LAN Switch 1
8 Announcement / Media Server 2
9 Soft Phones 10
10 SIP Phones 20
11 IADs 5
12 Equipment for Billing System 1
Interface
 Equipment for Configuration 3.0
S# Equipment Remarks

1 SIP Proxy Server

The functions normally
assigned to the equipment
shown here may be
2 SIP Registrar performed by separate or a
combination of servers.
The servers may also have
3 Redirection Server nomenclature and
philosophy, which is
different from that shown
here.
 Services Requested
• Caller ID related services (CLIP, CLIR, ...)
• Call waiting, Call holding, Push to talk
• Call forwarding, Call transfer
• Follow me service
• Call blocking services, Malicious Caller Identification
• Click to Dial
• Musical Ring Back
• Lawful interception
• Announcement services
• Conference call services
• Voicemail, Text-to-speech, Speech-to-text
• SMS, MMS
• IP Centrex
• Calling Card
• Pay Phone
• Carrier Selection
• Presence information, Instant messaging
Additional Features in Configuration 3.0
• Offered services shall have the following features:
– Mobility: It should be possible for users to register
dynamically their current location so that they can be
contacted when mobile using a publicized address
– Forking: It should be possible to associate multiple devices
with a single address, so that all or a selection of these devices
can be contacted simultaneously or in succession
– Features Negotiation: It should be possible for the users to
negotiate media and protocol extensions to be used for a
particular call for setting up any type of media conversation,
including voice, video and messaging
Additional Features in Configuration 3.0
• Offered services shall have the following features:
– Applications Flexibility: It should be possible to define,
create and implement new applications in the network. The
new applications may be built up on separate Application
Servers which may be located in the same network / domain
or in some other network / domain. The addition of new
applications will normally not require changes in any of the
devices, other than hosts, in the transport network
– Combinational services: It should be possible to combine
different services into one service e.g., instant messaging and
voice
 Issues
• Should separate validation certificates be issued for the
above three configurations 
• Should validation be carried out in TEC lab (if feasible) or
should BSNL allot one site to each bidder
• SIP services (and user mobility features) are proposed to
be validated in Configuration 3.0. However, this is not
covered in TEC GRs presently. Either the existing GR of
Soft Switch for Local Applications needs to be upgraded or
a separate GR may be required
• Edge Routers will be required at all Level-II TAX locations
• Routers planning below LDCC level
• ENUM
IP TAX - 1 Step towards NGN
st

Why NGN

Concept of NGN
1st Step

Future Steps
 Current Scenario
• Level-I TAXs at 21 locations (LDCAs)

• Level-II TAXs at 301 locations (LDCAs)

Total No. of LDCCs - 322

• Tandem / Transit Switches at Big Cities / SDCC locations

(2325 locations) Total No. of
SDCCs 2647

• Switches based on the principle of Circuit Switching

Essential Features of Public Network
• Requirements
– QoS guarantee
– High availability
• Equipment hot-swappable hardware
• 99.999% availability
• On-line software upgrades
– Scalability
– Based on global (open) standards
– Support for a new range of applications
 Need for IP TAX / NGN
• Traditional public networks:
– typically comprise of individual voice & data
networks
• Separate networks mean:
– Low Return on investment
– High O&M costs due to separate networks
– Low capability of services integration
– Less Flexibility - High cost
 Advantages of IP TAX / NGN
• Bandwidth Saving
– Up to 1:4
• Reduced Energy Consumption
– Up to 1:3 saving
• Reduced Operational Costs
• Reduced spare & repair costs
– Up to 90% saving
• Reduced accommodation costs
– Up to 1:5
• Network Consolidation & Trunk optimization
• Capability to provide all services including Network Wide
Services
IP TAX - 1st Step towards NGN
Why NGN
Concept of NGN

IP TAX Project of BSNL

Future Deployments
IP TAX - 1st Step towards NGN
Why NGN
Concept of NGN
IP TAX Project

Future Steps
IP TAX - 1st Step towards NGN
Why NGN
Concept of NGN
IP TAX Project

Future Steps
 Migration Steps
• Introduce IP in Transit network at Level-
1 TAX locations (IP TAX Project)
• Extend IP network to Level-2 TAXs and
large scale implementation in Access
Network
• Develop MPLS core at Circle and LDCA
Level
• Offer Voice and Multimedia services to
Broadband Subscribers using DSL,
Optical Ethernet technologies
 Below SDCA Level IP Network
A case of Metro City
P
Metro
Backbone

PE
BLC

AGW LAG
MG
SHDSL

V5.2

E1 E1
ADSL/ADSL2+
PRI
AN

2B+D

RSU
Local / Rural
Exchanges
 Below SDCA Level IP Network
A case of Normal City
P

PE
BLC

MG AGW
LAG

SHDSL

V5.2

E1 E1
ADSL/ADSL2+
PRI
AN

2B+D

RSU
Local / Rural
Exchanges
 Below SDCA Level IP Network
A case of Normal SDCA
P

PE

MG AGW

V5.2

E1 E1
PRI
AN

RSU
Local / Rural
Exchanges
MPLSMPLS
Core Network
Core network

Mesh network
Connecting all Level-1 TAXs at
2.5G λ / 10G λ