Splanchnocranium visceral cranium originally supports pharyngeal openings Later: jaws, suspensory apparatus of larynx, hyoid, & contributions to the cranium Relative positions of Cranial Subunits in Early Verts.
Splanchnocranial *See Amia wet specimens in lab chondrocranium
Early Embryogenesis Chondrichthyan Tetrapodomorph
Progressive ontogenetic condensation and fusion of ncc’s & head mesoderm in chondrocranial development Most embryonic cartilages replaced (Endochondral Ossification) Or invested with membrane bone. Dorsally & Lateral Growth dermal covering through “delamination” due to brain expansion : Splanchnocranium Jawed vertebrate Origins of Splanchnocranium
Ncc’s migrate to invest the lateral wall
of the Pharynx, on either side of the Pharyngeal Slits / Openings
jaws, jaw suspension, ear ossicles, hyoid and branchial arches Summary of Evolutionary Changes for Jaw and Visceral Arch Function Autodiastyly is plesiomorphic for jawed vertebrates
Parallel diversification of jaws between chondrichthyans and bony fishes
Terminal autostylic condition
Amphibians and lungfish: autostyly Mammals: craniostyly
Hyoid and mandibular arches & associated dermal bones contribute to forming middle ear ossicles Incus, malleus, stapes
Remaining visceral arches contribute to forming
Floor of mouth / tongue support Laryngeal and tracheal cartilages Supplementary Images for Consideration Summary of Evolutionary Transitions Ossicles & Jaw Articulation
