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    Mod4 3 8051 Instrns

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    Nicky Santhosh
    The 8051 instruction set includes instructions to move data, perform arithmetic operations, logical operations, shifts and rotates, stack operations, jumps and calls. Some key instructions are MOV to move data, ADD/SUBB for arithmetic, ANL/ORL for logic, PUSH/POP for stack, and LCALL/RET for subroutine calls. Decimal and binary addition can be performed using temporary registers and the ADDC instruction to handle carries between bytes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Mod4 3 8051 Instrns

    Uploaded by

    Nicky Santhosh
    27 views20 pages
    The 8051 instruction set includes instructions to move data, perform arithmetic operations, logical operations, shifts and rotates, stack operations, jumps and calls. Some key instructions are MOV to move data, ADD/SUBB for arithmetic, ANL/ORL for logic, PUSH/POP for stack, and LCALL/RET for subroutine calls. Decimal and binary addition can be performed using temporary registers and the ADDC instruction to handle carries between bytes.

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    mod4_3_8051_Instrns

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    The 8051 instruction set includes instructions to move data, perform arithmetic operations, logical operations, shifts and rotates, stack operations, jumps and calls. Some key instructions are MOV to move data, ADD/SUBB for arithmetic, ANL/ORL for logic, PUSH/POP for stack, and LCALL/RET for subroutine calls. Decimal and binary addition can be performed using temporary registers and the ADDC instruction to handle carries between bytes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    27 views20 pages

    Mod4 3 8051 Instrns

    Uploaded by

    Nicky Santhosh
    The 8051 instruction set includes instructions to move data, perform arithmetic operations, logical operations, shifts and rotates, stack operations, jumps and calls. Some key instructions are MOV to move data, ADD/SUBB for arithmetic, ANL/ORL for logic, PUSH/POP for stack, and LCALL/RET for subroutine calls. Decimal and binary addition can be performed using temporary registers and the ADDC instruction to handle carries between bytes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Instruction Set of 8051

    ACALL: Absolute Call


    8051 Instruction Set
    JC: Jump if Carry Set PUSH: Push Value Onto Stack

    ADD, ADDC: Add Acc. (With Carry) JMP: Jump to Address RET: Return From Subroutine

    AJMP: Absolute Jump JNB: Jump if Bit Not Set RETI: Return From Interrupt

    ANL: Bitwise AND JNC: Jump if Carry Not Set RL: Rotate Accumulator Left

    CJNE: Compare & Jump if Not Equal JNZ: Jump if Acc. Not Zero RLC: Rotate Acc. Left Through Carry

    CLR: Clear Register JZ: Jump if Accumulator Zero RR: Rotate Accumulator Right

    CPL: Complement Register LCALL: Long Call RRC: Rotate Acc. Right Through Carry

    DA: Decimal Adjust LJMP: Long Jump SETB: Set Bit

    DEC: Decrement Register MOV: Move Memory SJMP: Short Jump

    DIV: Divide Accumulator by B MOVC: Move Code Memory SUBB: Sub. From Acc. With Borrow

    DJNZ: Dec. Reg. & Jump if Not Zero MOVX: Move Extended Memory SWAP: Swap Accumulator Nibbles

    INC: Increment Register MUL: Multiply Accumulator by B XCH: Exchange Bytes

    JB: Jump if Bit Set NOP: No Operation XCHD: Exchange Digits

    JBC: Jump if Bit Set and Clear Bit ORL: Bitwise OR XRL: Bitwise Exclusive OR

    POP: Pop Value From Stack Undefined: Undefined Instruction


    Some Simple Instructions

    MOV dest,source ; dest = source

    MOV A,#72H ;A=72H


    MOV R4,#62H ;R4=62H
    MOV B,0F9H ;B=the content of F9’th byte of RAM

    MOV DPTR,#7634H
    MOV DPL,#34H
    MOV DPH,#76H

    MOV P1,A ;mov A to port 1

    Note 1:
    MOV A,#72H ≠ MOV A,72H
    After instruction “MOV A,72H ” the content of 72’th byte of RAM will
    replace in Accumulator.

    Note 2:
    MOV A,R3 ≡ MOV A,3
    ADD A, Source ;A=A+SOURCE
    ADD A,#6 ;A=A+6

    ADD A,R6 ;A=A+R6

    ADD A,6 ;A=A+[6] or A=A+R6

    ADD A,0F3H ;A=A+[0F3H]

    SUBB A, Source ;A=A-SOURCE-C

    SUBB A,#6 ;A=A-6

    SUBB A,R6 ;A=A+R6


    MUL & DIV

    • MUL AB ;B|A = A*B


    MOV A,#25H
    MOV B,#65H
    MUL AB ;25H*65H=0E99
    ;B=0EH, A=99H

    • DIV AB ;A = A/B, B = A mod B


    MOV A,#25
    MOV B,#10
    DIV AB ;A=2, B=5
    SETB bit ; bit=1
    CLR bit ; bit=0

    SETB C ; CY=1
    SETB P0.0 ;bit 0 from port 0 =1
    SETB P3.7 ;bit 7 from port 3 =1
    SETB ACC.2 ;bit 2 from ACCUMULATOR =1
    SETB 05 ;set high D5 of RAM loc. 20h

    Note:

    CLR instruction is as same as SETB


    i.e.:
    CLR C ;CY=0

    But following instruction is only for CLR:


    CLR A ;A=0
    DEC byte ;byte=byte-1
    INC byte ;byte=byte+1

    INC R7
    DEC A
    DEC 40H ; [40]=[40]-1
    RR – RL – RRC – RLC A

    EXAMPLE:
    RR A

    RR:

    RRC: C

    RL:

    RLC:
    C
    ANL - ORL – XRL
    Bitwise Logical Operations:
    AND, OR, XOR
    EXAMPLE:
    MOV R5,#89H
    ANL R5,#08H

    CPL A ;1’s complement


    Example:
    MOV A,#55H ;A=01010101 B
    L01: CPL A
    MOV P1,A
    ACALL DELAY
    SJMP L01
    Stack in the 8051
    • The register used to access
    the stack is called SP
    (stack pointer) register.
    7FH

    • The stack pointer in the Scratch pad RAM


    8051 is only 8 bits wide,
    which means that it can 30H

    take value 00 to FFH. 2FH


    Bit-Addressable RAM
    When 8051 powered up,
    20H
    the SP register contains 1FH Register Bank 3
    value 07. 18H
    17H
    Register Bank 2
    10H
    0FH Register Bank 1 )Stack(
    08H
    07H
    Register Bank 0
    00H
    Example:
    MOV R6,#25H
    MOV R1,#12H
    MOV R4,#0F3H
    PUSH 6
    PUSH 1
    PUSH 4

    0BH 0BH 0BH 0BH

    0AH 0AH 0AH 0AH F3

    09H 09H 09H 12 09H 12

    08H 08H 25 08H 25 08H 25

    Start SP=07H SP=08H SP=09H SP=08H


    LOOP and JUMP Instructions
    Conditional Jumps :
    JZ Jump if A=0

    JNZ Jump if A/=0

    DJNZ Decrement and jump if A/=0


    CJNE A,byte Jump if A/=byte
    CJNE reg,#data Jump if byte/=#data
    JC Jump if CY=1

    JNC Jump if CY=0

    JB Jump if bit=1

    JNB Jump if bit=0

    JBC Jump if bit=1 and clear bit


    DJNZ:

    Write a program to clear ACC, then


    add 3 to the accumulator ten time

    Solution:
    MOV A,#0
    MOV R2,#10
    AGAIN: ADD A,#03
    DJNZ R2,AGAIN ;repeat until R2=0 (10 times)
    MOV R5,A
    LJMP(long jump)
    LJMP is an unconditional jump. It is a 3-byte instruction. It
    allows a jump to any memory location from 0000 to FFFFH.

    AJMP(absolute jump)
    In this 2-byte instruction, It allows a jump to any memory
    location within the 2k block of program memory.

    SJMP(short jump)
    In this 2-byte instruction. The relative address range of 00-
    FFH is divided into forward and backward jumps, that is ,
    within -128 to +127 bytes of memory relative to the address of
    the current PC.
    CALL Instructions
    Another control transfer instruction is the CALL instruction,
    which is used to call a subroutine.

    • LCALL(long call)
    This 3-byte instruction can be used to call subroutines
    located anywhere within the 64K byte address space
    of the 8051. (absolute call)
    • ACALL
    ACALL is 2-byte instruction. the target
    address of the subroutine must be within 2K
    byte range.
    Example:
    Write a program to copy a block of 10 bytes from RAM location
    starting at 37h to RAM location starting at 59h.

    Solution:
    MOV R0,#37h ; source pointer
    MOV R1,#59h ; dest pointer
    MOV R2,#10 ; counter
    L1: MOV A,@R0
    MOV @R1,A
    INC R0
    INC R1
    DJNZ R2,L1
    Decimal Addition
    156 + 248
    . 100's 10's 1's

    . 1 5 6

    + 2 4 8

    = 4 0 4 16 Bit Addition
    1A44 + 22DB = 3D1F

    . 256's 16’s 1's

    . 1 A 4 4

    + 2 2 D B

    = 3 D 1 F
    Performing the Addition with 8051
    . 65536's 256's 1's

    . R6 R7

    + R4 R5

    = R1 R2 R3

    1.Add the low bytes R7 and R5, leave the answer in R3.

    2.Add the high bytes R6 and R4, adding any carry from step 1, and leave the answer in R2.

    3.Put any carry from step 2 in the final byte, R1.


    Steps 1, 2, 3
    MOV A,R7 ;Move the low-byte into the accumulator

    ADD A,R5 ;Add the second low-byte to the accumulator

    MOV R3,A ;Move the answer to the low-byte of the result

    MOV A,R6 ;Move the high-byte into the accumulator

    ADDC A,R4 ;Add the second high-byte to the accumulator, plus carry.

    MOV R2,A ;Move the answer to the high-byte of the result

    MOV A,#00h ;By default, the highest byte will be zero.

    ADDC A,#00h ;Add zero, plus carry from step 2.

    MOV R1,A ;Move the answer to the highest byte of the result
    The Whole Program
    ;Load the first value into R6 and R7
    MOV R6,#1Ah
    MOV R7,#44h
    ;Load the first value into R4 and R5
    MOV R4,#22h
    MOV R5,#0DBh
    ;Call the 16-bit addition routine LCALL ADD16_16

    ADD16_16:

    ;Step 1 of the process


    MOV A,R7 ;Move the low-byte into the accumulator
    ADD A,R5 ;Add the second low-byte to the accumulator
    MOV R3,A ;Move the answer to the low-byte of the result

    ;Step 2 of the process


    MOV A,R6 ;Move the high-byte into the accumulator
    ADDC A,R4 ;Add the second high-byte to the accumulator, plus carry.
    MOV R2,A ;Move the answer to the high-byte of the result

    ;Step 3 of the process


    MOV A,#00h ;By default, the highest byte will be zero.
    ADDC A,#00h ;Add zero, plus carry from step 2.
    MOV MOV R1,A ;Move the answer to the highest byte of the result

    ;Return - answer now resides in R1, R2, and R3. RET

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