Regular and Irregular Verbs
Regular and Irregular Verbs
Regular and Irregular Verbs
Verbs that end with a vowel other than e add -es (e.g. go/goes, veto/vetoes, do/does).
Verbs that end with -s, -z, -ch, -sh, and -x add -es (e.g. kiss/kisses, fizz/fizzes, punch/punches,
wash/washes, mix/mixes).
If the verb ends in a consonant plus -y, change the y to an i before adding -es (e.g. hurry/hurries,
clarify/clarifies). But if the verb ends in a vowel plus -y, just add -s (e.g. play/plays, enjoy/enjoys).
Past tense formation
If the basic form of the verb ends in a consonant or a vowel other than e, add the letters -ed
to the end (e.g. seem/seemed, laugh/laughed, look/looked).
For verbs that end in -e, add -d (e.g. love/loved, recede/receded, hope/hoped).
If the verb ends in a consonant plus -y, change the y to an i before adding -ed (e.g.
hurry/hurried, clarify/clarified). But if the verb ends in a vowel plus -y, just add -ed (e.g.
play/played, enjoy/enjoyed).
Present participle formation
If the basic form of the verb ends in a consonant or a vowel other than e, add the ending
-ing (e.g. laugh/laughing, boo/booing).
If the verb ends in e, drop the e before adding -ing (e.g. love/loving, hope/hoping).
If the basic form ends in y just add -ing (e.g. hurry/hurrying, clarify/clarifying).
Irregular verbs
There are many irregular verbs that don’t follow the normal rules. Here are the forms of
some of the most common irregular verbs:
What is the difference between past simple and
past participle?
Past participle” is defined by the Oxford Dictionary as “the form of a verb, typically ending in -ed in English, which is
used in forming perfect and passive tenses and sometimes as an adjective.”
This means that verbs in the past participle form usually end in the letters “ed.” For example, the word “talked.”
These words can also be used as adjectives. For example, “the book has already been talked about.” Here, the word
“talked” is used as an adjective.
The definition also tells us that the past participle is most often used when forming the perfect forms of tenses. (Past
perfect, for example.)
In the perfect form, we use the words “have” and “had” followed by the verb conjugated in the past tense.
fly
rise
shrink
feel
bite
catch
draw
drive
eat
fall
Examples:
The past participle is not a tense. It’s a form of a verb and can’t be used on its own. You need an auxiliary verb, such as “have” or “had.” Becau
of this, the past participle is commonly used as a compound verb.
Let’s take a look at two words in the past tense and then the past participle.
Past tense:
Past participle: