Reactive Power Compensation Using SVC

Reactive Power Compensation Using SVC
Content
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Literature
• Block diagram
• Working
• Advantages
• Application
• Conclusion
• References
Abstract
• The variations of reactive power have an effect on the generating
units, lines, circuit breakers, transformers, relays and isolators.
• It can also cause effective voltage sags and increase losses. In the
proposed system, the lead time between voltage pulse and current
pulse are measured and fed to the interrupt pins of the
microcontroller where the program takes over to bring the shunt
capacitors to the circuit to get the reactive power compensated.
• Back to back SCRs interfaced through optical isolation from the
microcontroller are used in parallel for controlling the capacitor.
Introduction
• In particular, an approach that would match the reactive power requirement

of the load as it changes will be desirable. One known technique to improve
power factor or to compensate for reactive power uses power electronics.
• Power electronics deals with the flow control of electricity through
switching or power semiconductors. Through the use solid-state switches in
power electronics, continuous adjustment of reactive power may be
achieved.
• There are several ways to compensate for reactive power using power
electronics, but one that will be the focus of this paper is the one that is
called the Static VAR Compensator or SVC for short. SVC has been used by
many utilities in the world, and its use will continue to grow.
Literature
• The ability of the Thyristor-Controlled Reactor (TCR) to limit current is

a vital part of controlling power flow. The current is controlled by the
firing angle, which at 0º the switch is permanently closed, then slowly
limits current as firing angle increases to 180° where current is then
zero.
• Limiting the current ultimately limits the reactive current which
results in how much reactive power can be added to or subtracted
from the system.
Block Diagram
Working:
• The block diagram of reactive power compensation system
includes microcontroller, TRIAC, CT, PT, optocoupler, capacitor
and inductor.
• The block diagram depicts a system for reactive power

compensation which includes a TCR and a shunt capacitor
• for adjusting the power factor. The controlling unit consist of

two microcontrollers. The first microcontroller measures the
power factor and passes the information to the second
microcontroller. The power factor measurement is done by using
a CT and PT. The output from these is used for zero crossing
detection of current and voltage waveforms.
Advantages
• An optocoupler is used for isolation between the microcontroller circuit and
the load circuit. It is used for providing the triggering pulse to the triac.
• he rating of the current transformer is 100/5 A and that of the potential

transformer is 12-0-12 V.
• A current transformer (CT) is an electric device that produces an alternating

current (AC) in its secondary which is proportional to the AC in its primary.
Potential transformer or voltage transformer gets used in electrical power
system for stepping down the system voltage to a safe value which can be fed
to low ratings meters and relays.
Application:
• Using a set of capacitance may be sufficient to correct power factor in
predominantly inductively load; however, real world loads vary with
time and hence a fixed set of capacitance can potentially lead to
overcompensation.
• This in turn will produce an unnecessary boost in voltage which could

further damage the loads. Hence, a better method to improve power
factor is needed. In particular, an approach that would match the
reactive power requirement of the load as it changes will be
desirable.
Conclusion:
• In this project, a small scale SVC circuit which is both cost effective
and reliable was proposed. When the triac controller was connected
in series with an inductor, and in parallel with a capacitor, we were
able to vary the amount of capacitance or inductance added to the
system in order to achieve a unity power factor.
• This configuration is in fact the basis for the SVC circuit.
References:
• [1] M.D.Ruhul Amin, Design of Microcontroller Based Thyristor
Controlled Three-Phase Static Volt-Ampere Reactive Compensator, 3rd
International Conference on Informatics , Electronics & Vision, 2014.
• [2] A. Gelen and T. Yalcinoz, StudentMemberAnalysis of TSR-based

SVC for a Three-Phase System with Static and Dynamic Loads, IEEE
• [3] Taufik and Bryan Paet A Small Scale Static VAR Compensator for
Laboratory Experiment,2nd IEEE International Conference on Power
and Energy (PECon 08),December 1-3, 2008.

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Reactive Power Compensation Using SVC

• In particular, an approach that would match the reactive power requirement

• The ability of the Thyristor-Controlled Reactor (TCR) to limit current is

• The block diagram depicts a system for reactive power

• for adjusting the power factor. The controlling unit consist of

• he rating of the current transformer is 100/5 A and that of the potential

• A current transformer (CT) is an electric device that produces an alternating

• This in turn will produce an unnecessary boost in voltage which could

• [2] A. Gelen and T. Yalcinoz, StudentMemberAnalysis of TSR-based

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