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    4b Design LA - Overview MS071109

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    Ahmad Salah
    The document discusses local application of carbon dioxide fire suppression systems. It covers determining the extent of the hazard area, location considerations, carbon dioxide requirements including storage capacity and discharge duration. It also discusses two methods for determining discharge rates - the rate-by-area method for flat surfaces and low objects, and the rate-by-volume method for irregular three-dimensional objects. Examples are provided for calculating requirements for a dip tank and drain board using the rate-by-area method and for an enclosed hazard using the rate-by-volume method.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    4b Design LA - Overview MS071109

    Uploaded by

    Ahmad Salah
    55 views18 pages
    The document discusses local application of carbon dioxide fire suppression systems. It covers determining the extent of the hazard area, location considerations, carbon dioxide requirements including storage capacity and discharge duration. It also discusses two methods for determining discharge rates - the rate-by-area method for flat surfaces and low objects, and the rate-by-volume method for irregular three-dimensional objects. Examples are provided for calculating requirements for a dip tank and drain board using the rate-by-area method and for an enclosed hazard using the rate-by-volume method.

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    4b Design LA_overview MS071109

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    The document discusses local application of carbon dioxide fire suppression systems. It covers determining the extent of the hazard area, location considerations, carbon dioxide requirements including storage capacity and discharge duration. It also discusses two methods for determining discharge rates - the rate-by-area method for flat surfaces and low objects, and the rate-by-volume method for irregular three-dimensional objects. Examples are provided for calculating requirements for a dip tank and drain board using the rate-by-area method and for an enclosed hazard using the rate-by-volume method.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    55 views18 pages

    4b Design LA - Overview MS071109

    Uploaded by

    Ahmad Salah
    The document discusses local application of carbon dioxide fire suppression systems. It covers determining the extent of the hazard area, location considerations, carbon dioxide requirements including storage capacity and discharge duration. It also discusses two methods for determining discharge rates - the rate-by-area method for flat surfaces and low objects, and the rate-by-volume method for irregular three-dimensional objects. Examples are provided for calculating requirements for a dip tank and drain board using the rate-by-area method and for an enclosed hazard using the rate-by-volume method.

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    Design

    Design
    Local
    Local Application
    Application
    Local Application

    Local
    Local Application
    Application
    •• Rate
    Rate xx Area
    Area
    •• Rate
    Rate xx Volume
    Volume
    Local Application
    Extend of Hazard
     The hazard shall be so isolated from other
    hazards or combustibles that fire will not
    spread outside the protected area.
     The hazard shall include all areas that are,
    or can become, coated by combustible
    liquids or shallow solid coatings, such as
    areas subject to spillage, leakage, dripping,
    splashing, or condensation.
    Local Application
    Extend of Hazard
     The hazard also includes all associated
    materials or equipment, such as freshly
    coated stock, drain boards, hoods, ducts,
    and so forth, that could extend fire outside
    or lead fire into the protected area.
    Local Application
    Location of Hazard
     The hazard can be indoors, partly sheltered,
    or completely out of doors.
     It is essential that the carbon dioxide
    discharge shall be such that winds or strong
    air currents do not impair the protection.
    Local Application
    Carbon Dioxide Requirements.
     The quantity shall be based on the total rate
    of discharge needed to blanket the area or
    volume protected, and the time that the
    discharge must be maintained to assure
    complete extinguishment.
    Local Application
    Carbon Dioxide Requirements.
     For systems with high-pressure storage, the
    computed quantity of carbon dioxide
    shall be increased by 40 percent to
    determine nominal cylinder storage capacity
    because only the liquid portion of the
    discharge is effective.
    Local Application
    Duration of Discharge.
     Minimum discharge time = 30 seconds
    (applicable to normal fuels like quench oil.)
     Product with auto-ignition point below its
    boiling point (ie. cooking oils) effective
    discharge time is increased to 3 minute
    (increase to permit cooling).
    Local Application
    Rate of Discharge.
     Nozzle discharge rates shall be determined
    by either the surface method or the volume
    method.

    Rate-by-Area
    Rate-by-Area Method
    Method
     used
     usedwhere
    wherehazard
    hazardconsists
    consistsof
    offlat
    flatsurfaces
    surfaces
    or
    or low
    lowlevel
    levelobjects
    objectsassociated
    associatedwith
    withhorizontal
    horizontal
    surfaces.
    surfaces.
    Local Application
    Rate of Discharge.
     Nozzle discharge rates shall be determined
    by either the surface method or the volume
    method.

    Rate-by-Volume
    Rate-by-Volume Method
    Method
     used
     used where
    wherehazard
    hazardconsists
    consistsofofthree
    three
    dimensional
    dimensionalirregular
    irregular objects
    objectsthat
    thatcannot
    cannot be
    be
    easily
    easilyreduce
    reduceto
    toequivalent
    equivalentsurface
    surfaceareas.
    areas.
    Local Application Rate-by-Area
    Example: Dip Tank and Drain Board
    Local Application Rate-by-Volume

    Three dimensional irregular objects


    that cannot be easily reduce to
    equivalent surface areas.
    Local Application Rate-by-Area
    Determine:
    * Nozzle Height
    * Nozzle Type
    * Number of Nozzles
    * Flow rate
    Local Application Rate-by-Area
    Determine Agent Quantity
     Agent quantity is calculated as:

    Amount Number Flow Rate Discharge


    of CO2 = of X per X 1.4 X Time
    Required Nozzles Nozzle Required
    Local Application Rate-by-Volume
    Assumed Enclosure
    Assumed walls
    minimum = 2 ft.
    (~60 cm) from
    hazard
    Local Application Rate-by-Volume
    % of Closed Perimeter

    2 FT.

    2 FT.
    2 FT. Hazard

    Floor
    Local Application Rate-by-Volume
    System Discharge Rate
    Flow rate reduction acc. to NFPA 12:
    Local Application Rate-by-Volume

    Total quantity of CO2 [lbs] required:


    = assumed Volume [ft³] x 1 [lbs/min ft³]
    x 1.4 x discharge time [min]
    Liquid factor

    Based on existing walls

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