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    Application of Electrochemical Cell

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    Vaida Matulevičiūtė
    The document discusses several types of electrochemical cells and batteries, including zinc-copper cells, zinc-carbon cells, lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lithium-ion batteries, alkaline hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells, and their applications in areas like telegraphs, portable devices, cars, and more. It also covers applications of electrolysis such as electrowinning, electrorefining, and electroplating.

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    Application of Electrochemical Cell

    Uploaded by

    Vaida Matulevičiūtė
    25 views11 pages
    The document discusses several types of electrochemical cells and batteries, including zinc-copper cells, zinc-carbon cells, lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lithium-ion batteries, alkaline hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells, and their applications in areas like telegraphs, portable devices, cars, and more. It also covers applications of electrolysis such as electrowinning, electrorefining, and electroplating.

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    The document discusses several types of electrochemical cells and batteries, including zinc-copper cells, zinc-carbon cells, lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lithium-ion batteries, alkaline hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells, and their applications in areas like telegraphs, portable devices, cars, and more. It also covers applications of electrolysis such as electrowinning, electrorefining, and electroplating.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    25 views11 pages

    Application of Electrochemical Cell

    Uploaded by

    Vaida Matulevičiūtė
    The document discusses several types of electrochemical cells and batteries, including zinc-copper cells, zinc-carbon cells, lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lithium-ion batteries, alkaline hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells, and their applications in areas like telegraphs, portable devices, cars, and more. It also covers applications of electrolysis such as electrowinning, electrorefining, and electroplating.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    APPLICATION OF

    ELECTROCHEMICAL
    CELL
    IB CHEMISTRY
    ZINC-COPPER CELLS
    It provides emf 1,1V. It was developed by
    the British chemist John Daniell in the
    1830’s..
    It was used to provide the electricity for the
    old-fashioned telegraphs which sent
    messages by Morse code.
    Not practical for for portable devices as it
    contains liquids.
    ZINC/CARBON CELLS
    • The electrodes can be made from materials
    other than metals. In Leclanché
    cell the positive electrode is carbon, which act
    s like inert platinum electrode in the hydrogen
    electrode.
    • The Leclanché cell is the basis of most
    ordinary disposable batteries. The electrolyte is
    a paste rather than a liquid.
    RECHARGABLE BATTERIES. LEAD-ACID
    BATTERIES
    Lead acid batteries are rechargeable batteries used to operate the starter motors of cars. They consist
    of six 2V cells connected in series to give 12V. Each cell consists of two plates dipped into a
    solution of sulphuric acid. The positive plate is made of lead oxide PbO 2, and the negative plate is
    made of lead.
    NICKEL/CADMIUM BATTERIES
    These are now used to replace traditional zinc-carbon batteries. Although more expensive to
    buy, they can be reached up to 500 times, reducing the effective cost significantly. They have
    alkaline electrolyte.
    LITHIUM ION BATTERIES
    • Rechargeable lithium–metal anode batteries show
    commercial promise, with theoretical energy densities
    that range from 600 to 2,000 watt-hours per kilogram.
    • Even after allowance is made for the inactive parts of
    such cells, the net energy density is still competitive with
    aqueous systems. Commercially available systems of this
    type include lithium–cobalt oxide, lithium–nickel oxide,
    lithium–manganese dioxide, and lithium–
    molybdenum disulfide. 
    ALKALINE HYDROGEN-OXYGEN FUEL
    CELL

    • These are devices that, by definition, have


    an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide or
    potassium hydroxide as the electrolyte. The
    fuel is almost always hydrogen gas, with
    oxygen (or oxygen in air) as the oxidizer.
    However, zinc or aluminum could be used
    as an anode if the by-product oxides were
    efficiently removed and the metal fed
    continuously as a strip or as a powder.
    APPLICATION OF ELECTROLYSIS
    Electrolysis is used extensively in metallurgical processes, such as in extraction (electrowinning) or
    purification (electrorefining) of metals from ores or compounds and in deposition of metals from
    solution (electroplating). Metallic sodium and chlorine gas are produced by the electrolysis of
    molten sodium chloride; electrolysis of an aqueous solution of sodium chloride yields sodium
    hydroxide and chlorine gas. Hydrogen and oxygen are produced by the electrolysis of water.
    ELECTROWINNING
    • This process is used to recover metals such as zinc, cobalt, copper, nickel, silver, gold, lead
    and cadmium from solutions obtained from leaching of the mineral ore, waste process streams,
    etc.
    • The principal cathode reaction can be represented as follows:

    • Mn+ + ne- → M
    • The principal anode reaction is:
    • 2H2O – 4e- → O2 + 4H+
    ELECTROREFINING

    • Electrorefining is a process in which materials,


    usually metals, are purified by means of an
    electrolytic cell. The anode is the impure metal and
    the cathode is a very pure sample of the metal . An
    electric current is passed between a sample of the
    impure metal and a cathode when both are
    immersed in a solution containing cations of the
    metal. The metal is stripped off the impure
    components and deposited in pure form on the
    cathode.
    ELECTROPLATING

    • Electroplating is the process of applying a metal coating


    on another piece of metal (or another conductive surface)
    through an electro-deposition process. In electroplating,
    the deposited metal becomes part of the existing product
    with the plating/coating.

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