Amity Institute of Applied Sciences: B.Tech, Semester - I

AIAS
Amity Institute of Applied Sciences
B.Tech, Semester –I
ENGINEERING PHYSICS
Dr. Pramila Shukla
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Fly Wheel experiment
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Aim of the experiment: To

determine the moment of inertia of a
fly wheel about it axis of rotation.
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Apparatus required: Flywheel

mounted on the rigid support,
Vernier callipers, meter scale, stop
watch, set of weights(each of 250
gm) and a pan, thread.
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Formula used in the experiment:
The moment of inertia of the flywheel about its
own axis of rotation is given by
Where,
N = the number of revolutions after the
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falling weight is detached from the

flywheel.
t = time taken for N revolution in sec.
m = mass.
n = number of windings of the string.
h = height of the weight from the ground
g = acceleration due to gravity.
r = radius of the axle.
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Figure: Flywheel
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Theory: To determine the moment of

inertia of a fly wheel about it axis of
rotation we have to consider some
important factors. First, we have to set up
a flywheel along with all apparatus as
mentioned.
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Let us consider mass of a weight is m. The
height of mass from the ground is h. Let us
consider an instance where the mass will go
down to a new height. In this position, loss in
potential energy is given by
In the same time, gain in kinetic energy due

to rotation of flywheel and axle is given by
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Where, I = moment of inertia

ω = angular velocity
The kinetic energy for descending mass is
given by
Where, v(linear velocity of mass) = ωr, r being

the radius of axle.
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The work that is done in overcoming the
friction is given by
In this case,
n = number of revolution during the descent
of mass
Wf = work done in overcoming frictional
torque
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Using the principle of conservation of energy,
Or + (1)
Now we have to also look that the flywheel
assembly’s kinetic energy is used in rotating
(N) number of times fly wheel against the
frictional torque. So we can write,
=
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Or =
Hence, equation (1) can be written as.
+
On solving the above equation for finding the
moment of inertia, we obtain
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Procedure:
1. Examine the friction in bearings and spin
the wheel by hand for at least 5 minutes to
maintain constant friction couple during the
experiment.
2. Take a thin but strong and inextensible
string. The length of the string is adjusted
such that when the hanger touches the
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ground, the loop slips off the peg. Make a

simple loop at one end and attach a mass m
at its other free end.
3.The flywheel is given a suitable number of
rotation so that the string is wound on the
axle without overlapping. This number of
turns is n.
4. Now measure the height(h) of the lower
surface of the mass from the ground. 15
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5. As the flywheel is released, the weight

hanger go down. The string slips off from the
peg when the weight hanger just touches the
ground and during this time the flywheel would
complete n rotations.
6. A stop watch is started just when mass is
detached from the peg.
7. Note the time(t) taken by the flywheel to
come to rest. 16
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8. The number of rotations completed by the

flywheel during this time is N.
9.The same procedure can be repeated by
changing the value of mass m.
10. Make a observation table and calculate the
moment of inertia of fly wheel using working
formula.
11. Measure the diameter of axle using Vernier
Callipers.
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VIDEO DEMONSTRATION LINK OF FLY WHEEL

EXPERIMENT
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1syKVNyR5DHgRe24Nyy2yKLLo3Q_Q
Z3s-/view
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Table for the Moment of Inertia of the Flywheel

S. Directio Mass Height Numbe No. of Time taken for N
N. n of including the AB=h(cm) r of revolution revolution t(sec)
rotation hanger m(gm) comple made by the
te turns wheel after the
on the detachment of
axle(n) mass (N)
1 2 1 2 Mean
Mean
1 Clock wise 250 138 8 86 84 85 82.61 76.85 79.73

Anticlock
wise
2 Clock wise
Anticlock
wise
Clock wise
3
Anticlock
wise
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Calculations:
Least count of the Vernier Callipers =……cm
Diameter of the axle, d = ……cm
Radius of the axle, r = ……cm
Calculation for one set of observation:
Radius of axle = 1.1cm, Height (h) = 138 cm
= 13.31 radian/sec
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= 347294.54 gm-cm2
Similarly, we can calculate andfor two other set of

observations. Hence, moment of inertia of fly wheel ()
about its axis of rotation will be mean of , and is
given by
=……….. gm-cm2
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Precautions:
1. The loop should be quite loose so that it slips off
the axle as soon as the string has unwounded
itself
2. The length of the string should be little less than
the height of the axle above the floor.
3. The string should be thin and be wound
uniformly on the axle.
4. The diameter of string should be negligible as
compared with that of the axle. 22
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5. There should be whole number of turns of
he string on the axle.

6. There should be least possible friction at
the bearing.
7.The timing and counting of the revolutions
should start from the instant the mass goes
off the peg.
Result: Moment of inertia of fly wheel about
its own axis of rotation is ……….. gm-cm2 23
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Viva-Voice
1. What do you mean by moment of inertia?
2. Define radius of gyration.
3. What is flywheel?
4. What are the methods of reducing friction in
flywheel?
5. How would you increase the moment of inertia of
a flywheel?
6. What is physical significance of moment of inertia?
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LINK OF VIRTUAL LAB
http://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=1&brch=74&sim=571&cnt=4
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Learning objective
At the end of this lecture you will be able to

determine the moment of inertia of a fly
wheel about it axis of rotation.
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Thank You
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AIAS

Amity Institute of Applied Sciences

Fly Wheel experiment

Aim of the experiment: To

Apparatus required: Flywheel

falling weight is detached from the

Theory: To determine the moment of

In the same time, gain in kinetic energy due

Where, I = moment of inertia

Where, v(linear velocity of mass) = ωr, r being

ground, the loop slips off the peg. Make a

5. As the flywheel is released, the weight

8. The number of rotations completed by the

VIDEO DEMONSTRATION LINK OF FLY WHEEL

Table for the Moment of Inertia of the Flywheel

1 Clock wise 250 138 8 86 84 85 82.61 76.85 79.73

Similarly, we can calculate andfor two other set of

5. There should be whole number of turns of

he string on the axle.

LINK OF VIRTUAL LAB

At the end of this lecture you will be able to

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