Fundamentals of Life Insurance
Fundamentals of Life Insurance
Fundamentals of Life Insurance
of
Life Insurance
Life insurance is the only type of insurance that
insures against an absolute certainty.
USES OF
INSURANCE
Best safeguard
Best saving & investment against future
instrument in terms of unpredictable risks
security, marketability,
liquidity & stability of value
The most basic and least expensive type of life insurance is term life insurance. This product
insures your life for a temporary, stated period of time, most commonly five, 10, 20 or 30 years.
Unlike permanent products, term life insurance does not build cash value over time. If you
outlive the stated term of your contract, you lose all the premiums you paid. Many term life
products are convertible, meaning they can be converted to a permanent life insurance plan at
any time without a medical exam. Term insurance is generally "annually renewable," meaning
the product will continue past the stated term, but the premiums will increase every year
thereafter.
Whole life insurance is a permanent product designed to pay a stated benefit at your death,
no matter when it occurs, in exchange for a fixed premium that never changes, starting from the
moment you make your first payment. Unlike term insurance, whole life products build cash
value over time and do not expire as long as you pay your premium. Though the cash value does
mean significantly higher premiums than an equal benefit for a term plan, you can borrow
against the cash value as long as the policy remains in force. If you die with an outstanding loan
against your policy, the death benefit will simply be reduced by the outstanding loan amount.
Universal Life Insurance
Universal life insurance, like whole life, is a permanent product that builds cash value over
time. The primary difference between universal and whole life insurance is that universal life
allows you greater flexibility when paying premiums. A minimum premium amount is required
to keep the policy in force, but you are allowed to pay extra premiums to grow the cash value
on a tax-deferred basis. If the cash value is sufficient, you may decrease the premiums you pay
or cease paying premiums altogether and allow the policy to pay for itself. Cash value may be
accessed by policy loans. Insurance companies typically offer a minimum guaranteed rate of
growth for the cash value in universal life policies.
Variable life insurance is essentially the same as universal life insurance, except that the
portion of your premiums that are invested for cash value is invested in different portfolios of
your choosing and is subject to the fluctuations of the securities markets. In other words,
variable life insurance allows for greater growth potential than universal life because you can
choose how you want your money invested, but it also has a risk of losing your investment
capital due to poor portfolio performance.
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