For Communication Barrier

Communication Breakdown
Ms. Anna Rose Layug Lopez

Let’s Draw!
Follow the Instructions!
1. Draw a big circle.
2. Divide the circle into 4 parts by drawing a cross on it. Label the first upper
part of the circle as Quadrant 1, on its right is Quadrant 2, below Quadrant 1 is
Quadrant 3 and below Quadrant 2 is Quadrant 4.
3. Draw a small inverted triangle in the middle of the circle where your two
lines crossed.
4. Draw two small circles in the middle of Quadrant 1 and Quadrant 2.
5. Draw a half circle under the inverted triangle.
6. Draw three lines on Quadrant 3 and Quadrant 4.
● Who is the Sender?
● What was the channel used?
● Who is Receiver?
● How was the feedback made?
● Did you experience any interference?
Barriers of
Communication
Barriers to Communication
Physical Barrier Linguistic Barrier
Cultural Barrier Psychological Barrier

Physical Barrier
● is the environmental and natural condition that acts as a barrier in communication in
sending message from sender to receiver.

● When messages are sent by the sender, physical barriers like doors, walls, distance,
etc. do not let the communication become effective. The barriers are less if the
proximity of the sender and the receiver is high and less technology is required.

● Disturbance in hearing due to thunders, telephone call disconnection, problems in
television reception, message not being sent in chat, etc. are some examples of
physical barriers of communication.
Linguistic Barrier
● arises due to differences in languages, words meaning or pronunciation.

● The following are some of the examples of linguistic barriers.
 Different languages or lack of common language can create obstacles in

communication. A person who does not understand the native language or
cannot even communicate well of a certain language can become a very
difficult situation.
 Multiplicity of words - word power is gift to human beings but with the
multiple meanings or spellings of the words, it can create problems in
communication.
 Words with similar pronunciation but different meaning [homophones] also

create problems in communication. For example, except-accept, fair-fare,
council-counsel, principal-principle, etc.
 Jargons refer to the technical words used by professionals such as
engineers/doctors or any other professionals. Many times, jargon words are
used unintentionally, but common people or those who do not understand
the meaning of these words face problems.
 By-passed instructions which mean using many short cuts while passing the
messages. For example, a manager ordered the newly appointed secretary to
go and burn the C.D. She literally burned it. He meant to copy the C.D
Cultural Barrier
● Cultural barrier refers to the way a person responds in a
communication situation affected by personal norms and traditions.
● Culture is way of life, values or principles. Due to globalization and
liberalized policies in business, people around the world are
travelling and working in multinational corporates or companies.
This led to mixing or intermingling between people that may result
to communication failure.
The following are some examples of cultural barriers.
1. Concept of Time:
Time is not perceived similarly across cultures. In Western

culture, time is important. In Asian culture, time is taken
leisurely. The concept of punctuality differs in cultures.
2. Etiquettes and Mannerisms: In every society or culture,
different types of mannerisms are observed. This includes
rule of behaviours or how to follow certain code of conduct.
Different forms of address and salutation or different
methods of dressing [formal or informal wearing] are
observed. This can be confusing sometimes.
3. Food preparation method or serving methods are not the same. There
are certain expected norms of eating food in meeting. These are called
dining etiquettes.

4. Body Language [non-verbal behaviour] methods around the world
are not the same. There can be misunderstandings because of this.
5. Proximity [concept of space] differs from culture to
culture. In some culture, close distance between people is
not approved. In some culture, close distance is accepted.

Value system is not the same across cultures.
Psychological Barrier
● is the influence of psychological state of the communicators (sender
and receiver) which creates an obstacle for effective communication.
● Communication is highly influenced by the mental condition that the

communicators are in and is disturbed by mental disturbance. If the
people involved in communication are not emotionally well, they
will not be able to communicate properly.
The following are some examples of psychological barriers.
1. Lack of Attention
● When a person’s mind is distracted or preoccupied with other things, the person is not
able to form proper message, listen to what others tell him/her, interpret the message
as required and give proper feedback.
● The communication will face problems and becomes ineffective. A person in tragedy,
for instance, does not want to listen to other people giving advice.
● A person might be preoccupied by the problems of his/her professional life or

personal life, which affects both.
2. Distrust and Defensiveness
● Communication is successful when the communicators trust each other. Lack of trust
makes them derive negative meaning of the message and they ignore the message.
● When a person tries to force his/her own ideas and opinions, then receiver does not
listen. If the receiver does not agree to the message provided or thinks of it as a threat,
he/she will not listen to it.
● Similarly, when the message is not transferred across to the receiver, the
communication fails. For example, I don’t trust a friend, I will only give the details, of
what is happening in my personal life which I think are harmless.
3. Perception, Viewpoint, Attitudes and Opinions
● Perception is the mind-set using which people judge, understand and interpret
everything. Each person has his/her own perception of reality which is shaped from
mental and sensory experiences.
● Likewise, viewpoint is also a mind-set to look at the world. Sender might have a
particular viewpoint that is not shared by the receiver. The sender does not explain the
viewpoint but takes the viewpoint as granted.
● The message is not understood by the receiver as must have been understood, creating
a barrier to effective communication.
4. Attitude is the established way in which we think and feel about things and ideas which
also creates a psychological communication barrier.
● For example, a person takes females to be weak which is the person’s perception.
He/she tells that to someone who does not think so.
● This causes a misunderstanding between the two. Everything they communicate after
that becomes unsuccessful that the view of the person is already set.
5. Emotions
● Anyone who is not in a good mood is likely to talk less or talk negatively. A
preoccupied mind is not good at communicating.
● For example, when a person is angry, he/she might say things they regret later. Even
when listening to someone else speaks, an angry person might easily misinterpret the
message.
● Various other emotions like fear, nervousness, confusion, mistrust and jealousy affect
communication process.
● For example, a person having extreme moods of happiness will laugh at anything at all
said to him/her. The same person when sad will cry or get angry at insignificant
situations.
6. Premature Evaluation
● Some people are always in a hurry by habit. These kinds of people most likely make
quick judgments and jump into conclusions. They do not consider all aspects of the
information such as social, cultural, economic, etc. and often end up taking quick and
wrong decisions.
● It is important to hear the whole message to make proper judgments because they are
not changed easily after they are once made.
● For example, a person is in hurry and talks on the phone; the person does not listen to
half the message and makes the decision which is wrong in the situation.
● Psychological barriers affect communication more as information is formed in the
brain and is sent by people with various psychological conditions which differ from
one moment to another.
● Information is as effective as the people involved make it. Similarly, the psychological
condition of the receiver also has as much importance as the sender.
● Communication is ineffective if psychological aspects of communication act as a

barrier to communication.
How To Avoid Communication
Breakdown
7 C’s
1. Completeness
● Complete communication is essential to the quality of the
communication process in general. Hence, communication should
include everything that the receiver needs to hear for him/ her to
respond, react, or evaluate properly.
2. Conciseness
● Conciseness does not mean keeping the message short, but making it
direct or straight to the point. Insignificant or redundant information
should be eliminated from the communication that will be sent to the
recipient.
3. Consideration
● To be effective, the speaker should always consider relevant
information about his/her receiver such as mood, background, race,
preference, education, status, and needs, among others. By doing so,
he/she can easily build rapport with the audience.
4. Concreteness
● Effective communication happens when the message is concrete and
supported by facts, figures, and real-life examples and situations. In
this case, the receiver is more connected to the message conveyed.
5. Courtesy
● The speaker shows courtesy in communication by respecting the
culture, values, and beliefs of his/her receivers. Being courteous at
all times creates a positive impact on the audience
6. Clearness / Clarity
● Clearness in communication implies the use of simple and specific
words to express ideas. It is also achieved when the speaker focuses
only on a single objective in his/her speech so as not to confuse the
audience.
7. Correctness
● Correctness in grammar eliminates negative impact on the audience
and increases the credibility and effectiveness of the message.
Thank you 

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For Communication Barrier

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Communication Breakdown

Ms. Anna Rose Layug Lopez

Physical Barrier Linguistic Barrier

Cultural Barrier Psychological Barrier

 Different languages or lack of common language can create obstacles in

 Words with similar pronunciation but different meaning [homophones] also

Time is not perceived similarly across cultures. In Western

● Communication is highly influenced by the mental condition that the

● A person might be preoccupied by the problems of his/her professional life or

● Communication is ineffective if psychological aspects of communication act as a

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