Maths Project: Topic-Cyclic Quadrilateral

Maths Project
Topic- cyclic quadrilateral

SOMIL
●
Na KHANDELWAL
me ADITYA GARG
●
RAGHUVENDRA
●
Clas
s 9th ‘C’
●
Acknowledgement
First and foremost, we would like to

thank to our supervisor of this project,
Mr Mayank for the valuable guidance
and advice. He inspired us greatly to
work in this project. His willingness to
motivate us contributed tremendously
to our project. We also would like to
thank him for showing us some
example that related to the topic of
our project.
Introduction
• • AAcircle
circleisisthe
theset
setofofpoints
pointsininaaplane
planethat
that
are
areequidistant
equidistantfromfromaagiven
givenpoint .
point .
About
AboutaaCircle
Circle
The distance from
the centre is called
the radius, and the point is
called the center. Twice
the radius is known as
the diameter . The angle a
circle subtends from its
center is a full angle.
About a Circle
• Let “r” be the radius then circumference= 2{22/7}r.
• Let “r” be the radius then area= 22/7*r*r.
• If “c” is the centre of a circle of radius “r” and P is a
point in its plane such that:
• OP<r, P is in the interior of the circle.
• Op=r, P is on the circle.
• OP>r, P is in the exterior of the circle.
Some types of circles
CONGRUENT CIRCLES: Circles having equal radii are
called congruent circles.
a a
P Q
SEMI CIRCLE: Each diameter divides the circle into

segments.
I) Circumference= 22/7*r+2r.
II) Area= ½*22/7*r*r
III) Angle of semi circle is a right angle.
Angles in Circles
circumference
RADIUS: A LINE SEGMENT JOINING THE CENTRE OF
THE CIRCLE AND ANY POINT ON THE CIRCLE IS KNOWN
AS THE RADIUS OF THE CIRCLE.
Radius
SEGMENT: IT IS A REGION ENCLOSED BY A CHORD AND
THE ARC JOINING THE CHORD. THE SEGMENT MADE MY
diameter MINOR ARC IS CALLED MINOR SEGMENT AND
SEGMENT BY MAJOR ARC AS MAJOR SEGMENT.
DIAMETER: A CHORD PASSING THROUGH THE CENTRE
OF THE CIRCLE TO ANY POINT ON THE CIRCLE IS
KNOWN AS THE DIAMETER OF THE CIRCLE.
Angles in Circles
SEGMENT: IT IS A REGION ENCLOSED BY
A CHORD AND THE ARC JOINING THE
CHORD. THE SEGMENT MADE MY MINOR
ARC IS CALLED MINOR SEGMENT AND
Minor segment
SEGMENT BY MAJOR ARC AS MAJOR
SEGMENT.
Major segment
A LINE DRAWN AT RIGHT ANGLES
TO THE RADIUS AT THE
CIRCUMFERENCE IS CALLED THE
--- TANGENT
Angles in Circles
Minor
arc
SEGMENT: IT IS A
REGION ENCLOSED BY A Minor
CHORD AND THE ARC Sector
JOINING THE CHORD.
THE SEGMENT MADE MY
MINOR ARC IS CALLED
MINOR SEGMENT AND Major Sector
SEGMENT BY MAJOR
ARC AS MAJOR Major arc
SEGMENT.
ARC: IT IS THE PART OF THE
CIRCLE BETWEEN ANY TWO
GIVEN CHORDS. THE SMALLER
ARC IS CALLED AS MINOR ARC
AND BIGGER ARC IS CALLED
MAJOR ARC.
Cyclic quadrilateral
CYCLIC QUADRILATERAL: The quadrilateral whose all the four vertices
lie on the circle is called a cyclic quadrilateral.
A D
B
C
Properties of cyclic quadrilateral
1. Opposite angles of the cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary.
A D
60
C = 120 D = 60
Hence A = 60 120 Hence B = 120

C
B
2. An exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral is congruent to the
angle opposite to its adjacent interior angle.
B
C E
DCE IS CONGRUENT TO A
3. The central angle subtended by an arc is double the angle
subtended by it on the remaining part of the circle.
O O = 120
120 Hence Q = 60
R Because Q=1/2of O
P
OPPOSITE ANGLES OF THE CYCLIC QUADRILATERAL
ARE SUPPLEMENTARY.
GIVEN : A CYCLIC QUADRILATERAL ABCD
TO PROVE : ∠BAD + ∠BCD = ∠ABC + ∠ADC =

180°
CONSTRUCTION : DRAW AC AND DB
PROOF : ∠ACB = ∠ADB

AND ∠BAC = ∠BDC
[ANGLES IN THE SAME SEGMENT]
∴ ∠ACB + ∠BAC = ∠ADB + ∠BDC = ∠ADC
ADDING ∠ABC ON BOTH THE SIDES, WE GET
∠ACB + ∠BAC + ∠ABC = ∠ADC + ∠ABC
BUT ∠ACB + ∠BAC + ∠ABC = 180° [SUM OF
THE ANGLES OF A TRIANGLE]
∴ ∠ADC + ∠ABC = 180°
∴ ∠BAD + ∠BCD = 360° – (∠ADC + ∠ABC) =
180°.
PROVED
An exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral is congruent to the
angle opposite to its adjacent interior angle.
GIVEN :- 1) A CIRCLE WITH CENTRE O

2) AN ARC PQ
3) POQ ANGLE AT THE CENTRE
4) PBQ ANGLE SUBTENDED BY ARC PQ AT
REMAINING PART OF CIRCLE.
TO PROVE:- POQ= 2 PBQ
PROOF:-
IF PQ IS MINOR ARC
∴OP=OB (RADIUS)
PBO= OPB ----------(1) {ANGLE OPP TO EQUAL
SIDE}
OBQ= BQO--------(2)
BY EXTERIOR IN TRIANGLE OBP
POA = PBO+ OPB
POA = 2 PBO
SIMILARLY AOQ= 2 QBO
POA+ QOA = 2 PBO + 2 QBO
POQ = 2( PBO + QBO )
POQ= 2 PBQ
A pair of opposite sides of a cyclic
quadrilateral is equal. Prove that its
diagonals are also equal
Solution : Let ABCD be a
cyclic quadrilateral and
AB = CD.
⇒ arc AB = arc CD
(Corresponding arcs)
Adding arc AD to both the
sides;
arc AB + arc AD = arc CD +
arc AD
∴ arc BAD = arc CDA
⇒ Chord BD = Chord CA
⇒ BD = CA
ABCD is a cyclic parallelogram.
Show that it is a rectangle.
Solution : ∠A + ∠C = 180°
(ABCD is a cyclic
quadrilateral)
Since ∠A = ∠C
[Opposite angles of a
. parallelogram]
or ∠A + ∠A = 180°
∴ 2∠A = 180°
∴ ∠A = 90°
Thus ABCD is a rectangle

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Maths Project

Topic- cyclic quadrilateral

First and foremost, we would like to

SEMI CIRCLE: Each diameter divides the circle into

1. Opposite angles of the cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary.

Hence A = 60 120 Hence B = 120

GIVEN : A CYCLIC QUADRILATERAL ABCD

TO PROVE : ∠BAD + ∠BCD = ∠ABC + ∠ADC =

CONSTRUCTION : DRAW AC AND DB

PROOF : ∠ACB = ∠ADB

GIVEN :- 1) A CIRCLE WITH CENTRE O

TO PROVE:- POQ= 2 PBQ

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