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    Introduction To Computer Aided Process Planning

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    muniraju m
    The document discusses computer aided process planning (CAPP) which involves using computer systems to aid in process planning for manufacturing. It describes different CAPP approaches like variant and generative planning and how they can generate process plans automatically from CAD models. CAPP allows standardization of plans, reduces costs and planning time, and improves productivity over traditional manual methods. Many companies can now implement CAPP technologies like group technology coding to gain benefits with minimal resources.

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    Introduction To Computer Aided Process Planning

    Uploaded by

    muniraju m
    26 views26 pages
    The document discusses computer aided process planning (CAPP) which involves using computer systems to aid in process planning for manufacturing. It describes different CAPP approaches like variant and generative planning and how they can generate process plans automatically from CAD models. CAPP allows standardization of plans, reduces costs and planning time, and improves productivity over traditional manual methods. Many companies can now implement CAPP technologies like group technology coding to gain benefits with minimal resources.

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    53822448-CAPP

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    The document discusses computer aided process planning (CAPP) which involves using computer systems to aid in process planning for manufacturing. It describes different CAPP approaches like variant and generative planning and how they can generate process plans automatically from CAD models. CAPP allows standardization of plans, reduces costs and planning time, and improves productivity over traditional manual methods. Many companies can now implement CAPP technologies like group technology coding to gain benefits with minimal resources.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    26 views26 pages

    Introduction To Computer Aided Process Planning

    Uploaded by

    muniraju m
    The document discusses computer aided process planning (CAPP) which involves using computer systems to aid in process planning for manufacturing. It describes different CAPP approaches like variant and generative planning and how they can generate process plans automatically from CAD models. CAPP allows standardization of plans, reduces costs and planning time, and improves productivity over traditional manual methods. Many companies can now implement CAPP technologies like group technology coding to gain benefits with minimal resources.

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    Introduction to Computer Aided

    Process Planning
    Computer Integrated Manufacturing
    (CIM)
    • Computer Aided Design (CAD)
    – 2D
    – 3D
    – Concurrent Engineering
    • Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP)
    – Variant
    – Generative
    • Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
    – CNC
    – Robotics
    – Material Handling
    – Just in Time (JIT)
    – Group Technology
    – Flexible Manufacturing Systems
    What is process planning?
    • Recipe/Algorithm/Step-by-step instructions
    • Fast Food Chain
    • Same taste everywhere from NY to New
    Delhi
    • How do they do it?
    • Customization in formal dinner restaurant
    Manufacturing Environment
    • Role of the master machinist in small batch
    manufacturing
    • Manufacturing is more complex than cooking yet
    the planning for it is similar
    • Job shop: group machines which perform same
    operation together
    • Routing of parts through the various
    departments
    • Process plan defines the route
    • Reduction in the necessary skill of operator can
    be achieved by using a detailed process plan
    Formal Definition
    “Process planning can be defined as an act of
    preparing processing documentation for the
    manufacturing of a piece, part or an assembly”
    • depending on the production environment can
    be
    – Rough
    – Detailed
    • When process planning is done using a
    computer : “Computer Aided Process Planning”
    Step-by-step
    operations in
    a sample
    part
    • Manufacturing a part to meet design specs.
    – Selection of initial block
    – Sequence of operations
    – Selection of machine, process
    • Surface finish
    • Quality
    • Tolerance
    • Hardness
    • Life
    • Cost
    A Rough Process Plan
    A Detailed Process Plan
    Components of Process Planning
    • Selection of machining operations
    • Sequencing of machining operations
    • Selection of cutting tools
    • Determining the setup requirements
    • Calculation of cutting parameters
    • Tool path planning and generation of
    NC/CNC programs
    • Design of Jigs/Fixtures
    Process Planning in different
    environments
    • In tool-room type manufacturing
    – “make part as per drawing” is sufficient
    • In metal-forming type operations
    – The process planning requirements are embedded
    directly into the die.
    – Process planning is fairly trivial
    • Job-shop type manufacturing requires most
    detailed process planning
    – Design of tools, jigs, fixtures and manufacturing
    sequence are dictated directly by the process plan.
    Requirements for process planner
    • Must be able to analyze and understand
    part requirements
    • Have extensive knowledge of machine
    tools, cutting tools and their capabilities
    • Understand the interactions between the
    part, manufacturing, quality and cost
    Traditional process planning
    • Experienced based and performed manually
    • Variability in planner’s judgment and experience
    can lead to differences in the of what constitutes
    best quality
    • Problem facing modern industry is the current
    lack of skilled labor force to produce machined
    parts as was done in the past
    • Hence Computer Integrated Manufacturing and
    Computer Aided Process Planning
    Advantages of CAPP
    • Reduces the demand on the skilled
    planner
    • Reduces the process planning time
    • Reduces both process planning and
    manufacturing cost
    • Creates consistent plans
    • It produces accurate plans
    • It increases productivity
    Approaches to CAPP
    • Variant
    • Generative
    • Automatic
    Variant Process Planning
    “based on the valid conjecture that similar
    parts will have similar process plans”
    Preparatory stage
    • GT-based part coding
    – Families of similar parts are created
    – Family matrix
    • A process plan is to manufacture the
    entire family is created
    Variant Process Planning
    Production Stage
    • Incoming part is coded
    • Part family is identified
    • Process plan is edited to account for the different needs
    of the part

    Salient points of variant process planning


    • Easy to build, learn and use
    • Experienced process planners are still required to edit
    the process plan
    • Cannot be used in an entirely automated manufacturing
    system without additional process planning
    Variant Process Planning
    Generative Process Planning
    “a system which automatically synthesizes a
    process plan for a new component”
    Requires
    • Part description
    – Part to be produced must be clearly and precisely
    defined in a computer compatible format
    (OPITZ,AUTAP)
    • Manufacturing databases
    – Logic of manufacturing must be identified and
    captured
    – The captured logic must be incorporated in a unified
    manufacturing database
    Generative Process Planning
    • Decision making
    logic and
    algorithms
    – Decision trees
    – Expert Systems:
    – AI based
    approaches
    Automatic Process Planning
    “ generate a complete process plan directly from a
    CAD drawing”
    Requires:
    • Automated CAD interface
    – Take a general CAD model ( 3D for unambiguous
    data) and develop an interface to develop a
    manufacturing interface for this model : Feature
    Recognition of CAD
    – Design the parts with available manufacturing
    features : Feature based CAD
    – Dual: useful features of both approaches
    • Intelligent (computer based) process planner
    Some process
    planning
    approaches
    SUMMARY
    • CAPP is a highly effective technology for
    discrete manufacturers with a significant
    number of products and process steps.
    • Rapid strides are being made to develop
    generative planning capabilities and
    incorporate CAPP into a computer-
    integrated manufacturing architecture.
    SUMMARY
    • The first step is the implementation of GT
    and coding.
    • Commercially-available software tools
    currently exist to support both GT and
    CAPP.
    SUMMARY
    • As a result, many companies can achieve
    the benefits of GT and CAPP with minimal
    cost and risk.
    • Effective use of these tools can improve a
    manufacturer's competitive advantage.
    References
    Systems Approach To Computer Integrated
    Design and Manufacturing
    • Author: Nanua Singh
    • Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
    Expert Process Planning For Manufacturing
    • Author: Tien-chien Chang
    • Publisher: Addison-Wesley Publishing
    Company

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