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    Course: System & Network Administration: By: Sarfraz Ahmed BS (IT) 5 Semester Mulim Group of Colleges, Hafizabad Campus

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    jaweria chadhar
    The document discusses the role and responsibilities of a system administrator. It describes system administrators as technical professionals responsible for designing, organizing, modifying, and supporting a company's computer systems and networks. Their key duties include maintaining servers, workstations, and networking equipment; troubleshooting issues; implementing security updates; and deploying new software. The document also outlines some of the technical skills and knowledge required to work as a system administrator, such as expertise in operating systems, networking, security practices, and software deployment.

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    Course: System & Network Administration: By: Sarfraz Ahmed BS (IT) 5 Semester Mulim Group of Colleges, Hafizabad Campus

    Uploaded by

    jaweria chadhar
    86 views28 pages
    The document discusses the role and responsibilities of a system administrator. It describes system administrators as technical professionals responsible for designing, organizing, modifying, and supporting a company's computer systems and networks. Their key duties include maintaining servers, workstations, and networking equipment; troubleshooting issues; implementing security updates; and deploying new software. The document also outlines some of the technical skills and knowledge required to work as a system administrator, such as expertise in operating systems, networking, security practices, and software deployment.

    Original Title

    Lec # 1& 2 Intro to S.A

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    The document discusses the role and responsibilities of a system administrator. It describes system administrators as technical professionals responsible for designing, organizing, modifying, and supporting a company's computer systems and networks. Their key duties include maintaining servers, workstations, and networking equipment; troubleshooting issues; implementing security updates; and deploying new software. The document also outlines some of the technical skills and knowledge required to work as a system administrator, such as expertise in operating systems, networking, security practices, and software deployment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    86 views28 pages

    Course: System & Network Administration: By: Sarfraz Ahmed BS (IT) 5 Semester Mulim Group of Colleges, Hafizabad Campus

    Uploaded by

    jaweria chadhar
    The document discusses the role and responsibilities of a system administrator. It describes system administrators as technical professionals responsible for designing, organizing, modifying, and supporting a company's computer systems and networks. Their key duties include maintaining servers, workstations, and networking equipment; troubleshooting issues; implementing security updates; and deploying new software. The document also outlines some of the technical skills and knowledge required to work as a system administrator, such as expertise in operating systems, networking, security practices, and software deployment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 28

    System Administration

    Course: System & Network Administration

    By: Sarfraz Ahmed


    BS(IT) 5TH Semester
    Mulim Group of Colleges,
    Hafizabad Campus
    Who is System Admin…

    • System administrator is a technical


    professional who is responsible for
    designing, organizing modifying &
    supporting a company’s computer
    system. A system administrator design
    and install LAN, WAN , Internet
    Interact systems & network Segments.
    Who is System Admin…

    • System administrator is jack-of-all-trades with in a smaller


    Company. In larger enterprise may have several systems
    administrators all focus on different areas.
    Important Duties of System Admin…

    • System administrator is required to keep up to date on new


    development in the technology industry, in case changes
    within the company have an impacts on the business.

    • When workstation, Network & server goes down, he is


    immediately called to solve the problem.
    Why we call them System Admin…

    • A system administrator administers.


    • Networks & server
    • Desktop Computer & Laptops

    • Printer & Routers


    • Switches & firewalls
    • Personal digital assistants

    • Software Deployment
    • Security updates and patches
    Technical Task of System Admin…

    • Support LAN,WAN, network segment, internet & Intranet system.

    • User administration (setup & Maintenance Account)

    • Maintenance of network & system security.


    • Design & deploying Network.

    • Performing network address assignment

    • Maintenance of integrity of network, Server deployment &


    Security.
    • Authentication and authorization of Directory services.
    Technical Task of System Admin…

    • Maintain network servers such as file servers, VPN gateways.


    • Maintenance of intrusion detection systems.
    • Troubleshoot technical problems reported by users.
    • Make recommendation for future upgrades.
    • Creation of backup & Recovery policy.
    • Maintain Network facilities in individual machines.
    What System Admin do.

    • What exactly does a System Administrator do?


    • No precise job description.
    • often learned by experience
    • makes things run”
    • work behind the scenes
    • often known as Operator, Network Administrator, System
    Programmer, System Manager, Service Engineer, Site Reliability
    Engineer etc.
    What is System ?

    • “A group of interacting, interrelated, or interdependent


    elements that together form a complex whole.”
    • In the context of this class, we generally consider computer-
    human systems consisting of
    • the computer(s)
    • the network
    • the user(s)
    • the organization’s goals and policies
    How to become a System admin..

    • System Administration is a profession with no fixed


    career path.
    • Few degree granting programs

    • Heavy reliance on practical experience


    • Specializations in many different areas possible
    • Breadth of expertise as necessary as depth in some areas
    • background knowledge and requirements vary
    And administration ?

    • “A group of interacting, interrelated, or interdependent

    • System Administration frequently also includes other


    tasks such as

    • system design and architecture

    • reliability studies

    • resource management

    • system fault diagnosis


    What should you know??

    • Breadth of knowledge:

    • Operating system concepts


    • TCP/IP networking
    • Programming

    • Depth of knowledge:
    • Certain OS flavor
    • Specific service (DNS, E-Mail, Databases, Content-
    Delivery, ...)
    Operating Systems
    (Supporting administration)

     1995-Windows NT 3.5.1 released


     Windows 95 released

     1996 -Windows NT 4.0 released

     1998-Windows 98 released
     1998-Microsoft announces Windows NT 5.0 will be
    renamed Windows 2000
     2000-release of windows 2000 (aka NT 5.0)
     2001-release of windows XP (aka NT 5.1)
    Operating Systems
    (Supporting administration)

     2003-release of windows 2003 server


     2007 -release of windows Vista (SELinuxProject apply)

     2008 -release of windows 2008 server

     2009 -release of windows 7


     2013 -release of windows 8, 8.1, Server 2012

     2015 -release of windows 10


    UNIX Philosophy

    • Originally developed 1969 at Bell Labs by Ken Thomson


    and Dennis Ritchie.
    • t the same time a team from the University of California
    at Berkeley was working to improve UNIX. In 1977 it
    released the first Berkeley Software Distribution,
    which became known as BSD.
    UNIX Philosophy

    • The OS is divided into


    • kernel
    • shell
    • tools & applications
    • Basic UNIX features:
    • Multitasking
    • Multiuser
    • Portability
    • Networking capabilities
    System administrator is responsible for
    …
    • User administration (setup and maintaining account)
    • Maintaining system
    • Verify that peripherals are working properly
    • Quickly arrange repair for hardware in occasion of hardware failure

    • Monitor system performance


    • Update system as soon as new version of OS and
    application software comes out
    • Implement the policies for the use of the computer
    system and network
    Skills for System Admin…

    • SAs must have effective problem solving skills.

    • Most SAs have degrees in related fields, like

    • IT, computer engineering, information management


    and computer science.
    • Not all SAs follow linear training paths. In fact, a growing
    number of professional SAs are self-taught through
    practical computing experience and open-source
    software training programs.
    Skills for System Admin…

    • SAs must have effective problem solving skills.

    • Some technical training programs offer degrees or


    specialized SA certifications, such as Microsoft
    (MCP, MCSA, MCSE), Red Hat (RHCE, RHCSS) and
    Cisco (CCNA, CCIE).
    Network & System Admin…

    • The terms network administration and system administration


    exist separately and are used both variously and inconsistently
    by industry and by academics.
    • To this community, network administration means the
    management of network infrastructure devices (routers and
    switches).
    • To this community, network administration is the management
    of PCs in a network.
    Goals of Network management

    • Fault management
    • Is the detection of problems and faults on the network. Such
    faults should be properly logged, and if appropriate an alarm
    should be raised. This area is responsible for proper problem
    identification, determining the cause of the fault and ensuring
    the proper resolution of the problem. Management software
    operating in this area may attempt to correct faults on its own.
    Goals of Network management
    (Continue…)

    • Configuration Management
    • Is to keep track of the network's configuration, both hardware
    and software. This area includes keeping track of what
    computers and networking infrastructure are on a network, and
    how they are interconnected. In addition, configuration
    management includes following what software versions each
    device is running, as well as the software configuration of each
    device.
    Goals of Network management
    (Continue…)
    • Security management :
    • Incorporates all aspects of authentication and access control,
    from the definition of access policies to the enforcing of those
    policies. Exception reports can be generated for events that
    fall out of the scope of the defined policies, and these reports
    can be used to alert administrators of the policy violation.
    • performance Management:
    • looks at the current and expected performance of the network.
    Elements of network performance that may be monitored
    include availability, response time, error rate, throughput and
    utilization.
    Goals of Network management
    (Continue…)
    • Accounting management:
    • Covers two broad areas; asset control and cost management.
    Asset control refers to knowing what computers are on the
    network, who they belong to, who is using them, and perhaps
    where they are located. The second area, cost management,
    looks at what the costs of providing network services are and
    how they are paid for.
    Information source for system admin..

    • Printed manuals

    • www •RFC

    • Newsgroups and discussions


    The human role in system

    • For humans, the task of system administration is a balancing


    act.
    •
    • It requires patience, understanding, knowledge and experience.
    The challenges of System admin..

    • Designing a network which is logical and efficient.


    • Deploying large numbers of machines which can be easily
    upgraded later.
    • Deciding what services are needed.
    • Planning and implementing adequate security.
    • Providing a comfortable environment for users.
    • Developing ways of fixing errors and problems which occur.
    • Keeping track of and understanding how to use the enormous
    amount of knowledge which increases every year.
    Bugs And emergent phenomena

    • They may come from:


    • Poor quality control in software or procedures.
    • Problems in operating systems and their subsystems.
    • Unfortunate clashes between incompatible software, i.e. one
    software package interferes with the operation of another.
    • Inexplicable phenomena, cosmic rays, viruses and other
    attacks.

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