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    Septage Management in Naga City

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    Arch Ronel Magistrado Descarga
    The document discusses septic tank practices and wastewater management in Naga City, Philippines. It notes that traditionally septic tanks in Southeast Asia are often poorly constructed and undersized. Many systems are actually cesspools rather than septic tanks, directly contaminating groundwater. In Naga City specifically, around 2% of households lack proper sanitation facilities or toilets altogether. Additionally, most septic tanks were improperly designed with open bottoms, contaminating water resources. In response, the city government passed an ordinance establishing wastewater management standards. It specifies the proper design of septic tanks with multiple compartments, baffles, access ports, and other criteria to treat wastewater effectively.

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    Septage Management in Naga City

    Uploaded by

    Arch Ronel Magistrado Descarga
    87 views15 pages
    The document discusses septic tank practices and wastewater management in Naga City, Philippines. It notes that traditionally septic tanks in Southeast Asia are often poorly constructed and undersized. Many systems are actually cesspools rather than septic tanks, directly contaminating groundwater. In Naga City specifically, around 2% of households lack proper sanitation facilities or toilets altogether. Additionally, most septic tanks were improperly designed with open bottoms, contaminating water resources. In response, the city government passed an ordinance establishing wastewater management standards. It specifies the proper design of septic tanks with multiple compartments, baffles, access ports, and other criteria to treat wastewater effectively.

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    SEPTAGE MANAGEMENT IN NAGA CITY

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    The document discusses septic tank practices and wastewater management in Naga City, Philippines. It notes that traditionally septic tanks in Southeast Asia are often poorly constructed and undersized. Many systems are actually cesspools rather than septic tanks, directly contaminating groundwater. In Naga City specifically, around 2% of households lack proper sanitation facilities or toilets altogether. Additionally, most septic tanks were improperly designed with open bottoms, contaminating water resources. In response, the city government passed an ordinance establishing wastewater management standards. It specifies the proper design of septic tanks with multiple compartments, baffles, access ports, and other criteria to treat wastewater effectively.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    87 views15 pages

    Septage Management in Naga City

    Uploaded by

    Arch Ronel Magistrado Descarga
    The document discusses septic tank practices and wastewater management in Naga City, Philippines. It notes that traditionally septic tanks in Southeast Asia are often poorly constructed and undersized. Many systems are actually cesspools rather than septic tanks, directly contaminating groundwater. In Naga City specifically, around 2% of households lack proper sanitation facilities or toilets altogether. Additionally, most septic tanks were improperly designed with open bottoms, contaminating water resources. In response, the city government passed an ordinance establishing wastewater management standards. It specifies the proper design of septic tanks with multiple compartments, baffles, access ports, and other criteria to treat wastewater effectively.

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    SEPTAGE

    MANAGEMENT IN
    NAGA CITY

    By:
    ENGR. NELSON B. PRILLES, PME, RME, RMP
    Office Of The Building Official/City Engineer’s Office
    Current Situation

    Septic tank practices in South and South East Asia are traditionally
    haphazard and this continues to be the case. Septic tanks are often
    dramatically undersized and poorly constructed. Septic tanks are
    frequently installed underneath homes, driveways, or sidewalks due
    to small lot sizes, thus making access for inspecting or desludging
    difficult. In many instances, what people refer to as "septic tanks"
    are not septic tanks at all, but are instead seepage pits or
    cesspools. These unlined, earthen receptacles not only do a very
    poor job at treating sewage, but they frequently serve as direct
    conduits to aquifers, resulting in fecal contamination that can impact
    precious drinking water supplies.
    Common, but incorrect septic tank practices in SE Asia encourages
    the use of the "bottomless" design, where effluent is discharged by
    seeping out of slots or holes, (sometimes, sand and gravel) in the tank
    floor. Such tanks are often constructed with two compartments. The
    first compartment is the "treatment" chamber, and the second
    compartment is the "leaching chamber".
    While the idea that treated septic tank effluent may be applied to
    the soils for disposal is recognized under certain conditions, such
    leaching septic tanks rarely have enough soil interface to
    accomplish proper leaching. Instead, they discharge effluent
    through the dirtiest part of the tank, the sludge layer, which can
    lead to serious groundwater pollution problems. When looking at
    the root cause of this variability, it is interesting to note that national
    laws are often quite specific with regard to proper septic tank
    design. Some laws, like the Plumbing Code of the Philippines,
    quotes almost verbatim the United States Environmental Protection
    Agency's (US EPA) design criteria for a modern septic tank.
    where most of the residents have small lots
    CITY SEPTAGE CONDITIONS

    The 2010 citywide data of the City Health Office on toilet facilities
    reveals that 544 households or about 2.0% of Naga’s total households
    uses “unsanitary toilet”, while 714 households or about 2.50% of
    households are “without toilet”, at all. These figures are alarming to say
    the least, as most of these households ‘without toilet” and/or “with
    unsanitary toilet” are located in the upper barangays where the source
    of our drinking water comes from.

    While almost 95.50% of the households are found to have “sanitary


    toilet”, we cannot be sure of whether they were constructed according
    to specifications, as toilet construction design in the past many years
    and up to the present have adopted the “open bottom” leaching
    chambers (popularly called “septic tanks”), that have then proven to
    contaminate water resources.

    .
    There is no septage treatment facility in the Metro Naga area with an
    Environmental Sanitation Clearance (ESC), hence, it is safe to say that
    most, if not all, of these septic tanks are not desludged regularly and if
    ever desludged, the septage that is removed is just illegally
    dumped elsewhere without proper treatment, further spreading and
    abetting the contamination of water resources. It must be emphasized
    enough that: untreated wastewater affects health by spreading
    diseases and is unfit for human consumption and for other uses, as it
    threatens biodiversity and reduces the quality of life of our people.

    In line with this, the City Government of Naga, thru the City Council
    have passed an. ORDINANCE NO. 2014-076

    “AN ORDINANCE ESTABLISHING A WASTEWATER


    MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE CITY OF NAGA AND
    PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS THEREOF”…

    in which, this ordinance shall be known as “The Wastewater


    Management Ordinance of Naga City”
    Features of THE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT ORDINANCE
    Affecting the PLUMBING DESIGN

    SECTION 14.Specifications. Septic tanks shall be designed and


    constructed in compliance with the mandate set forth in the
    Implementing Rules and Regulations of Chapter XVII of the Sanitation
    Code of the Philippines (PD 856), including proper sizing and layout,
    and the criteria set forth below.

    a.) It shall be designed to produce an effluent consistent with approved


    engineering and environmental standards.

    b.) It shall be built of solid durable materials and shall be watertight.


    Materials shall conform to applicable Philippine Material Standards.

    .
    c.) It shall be divided into three (3) compartments, and the volume of the
    first compartment shall be between one half (1/2) to two thirds (2/3) of the
    total tank volume.

    d.) Where more than one (1) tank is used to accommodate the required
    liquid volume in a given minimum retention time of two (2) days, the tanks
    shall be conjoined. The first tank shall be equal to or larger than any
    Leach field
    subsequent tank in the series
    e.) Baffles or similar devices shall
    Septicbe installed at each inlet and outlet of
    tank
    the tank and at each compartment. Materials shall conform to
    approved applicable standards. It must be integrally cast with the tank,
    affixed with a permanent waterproofing material, or attached at the top
    and bottom with connectors that are not subject to corrosion or decay.
    Sanitary tees used on baffles shall have a minimum diameter of 100mm (4
    inches).
    f.) The baffles between the compartments shall extend at least 200
    mm above the maximum liquid surface or all the way to the underside
    of the top cover.

    g.) The centerline of the inlet pipe shall at least 50 mm above the
    centerline of the outlet pipe. Both inlet and outlet pipes shall be
    similar in diameter with each other and shall have a minimum
    diameter of 100 mm.

    h.) Adequate venting shall be provided in each compartment with the


    use of ventilating pipes not less than 50 mm in diameter. For
    buildings where plumbing fixtures have appropriate “P” traps, venting
    shall occur through the plumbing stack in the building, not from the
    septic tank. For buildings where toilets and sinks are not protected
    with “P” traps, traps should be installed, or vent directly from the
    septic tank.
    i.) Access to the septic tank- There shall be at least one maintenance
    hole (access port) for each compartment, with a minimum side
    dimension of 500 mm. All maintenance holes shall extend through
    the tank cover and shall extend to finished grade. Manhole covers
    shall be designed with durable and fully coated or non- corrosive
    handles for easy lifting. Septic tank access covers should be secured
    from unauthorized entry, either through safety screws, locks or a
    tank lid that weighs 15 kg or more.

    j.) Outlet from the septic tank- The design, construction and location
    of structures receiving efflent from septic tanks shall conform to the
    National Plumbing Code of the Philippines.

    k.) For clustered structures or houses that are highly dense and
    characterized by inadequate land area, there shall be designed a
    communal septic tank or anaerobic baffled reactor consistent with
    approved engineering and environmental standards.

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