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    TRP Operon Presentation

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    Pradeep Singh
    Gene expression in the trp operon is regulated by two mechanisms - feedback repression and attenuation. Feedback repression involves tryptophan binding to the repressor to block transcription of the structural genes when tryptophan levels are high. Attenuation provides finer control and can reduce transcription by 700-fold. It involves a leader transcript that can form alternative hairpin loop structures depending on tryptophan availability during translation, determining whether transcription continues or terminates early.

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    TRP Operon Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Pradeep Singh
    291 views27 pages
    Gene expression in the trp operon is regulated by two mechanisms - feedback repression and attenuation. Feedback repression involves tryptophan binding to the repressor to block transcription of the structural genes when tryptophan levels are high. Attenuation provides finer control and can reduce transcription by 700-fold. It involves a leader transcript that can form alternative hairpin loop structures depending on tryptophan availability during translation, determining whether transcription continues or terminates early.

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    Trp Operon Presentation

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    Gene expression in the trp operon is regulated by two mechanisms - feedback repression and attenuation. Feedback repression involves tryptophan binding to the repressor to block transcription of the structural genes when tryptophan levels are high. Attenuation provides finer control and can reduce transcription by 700-fold. It involves a leader transcript that can form alternative hairpin loop structures depending on tryptophan availability during translation, determining whether transcription continues or terminates early.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    291 views27 pages

    TRP Operon Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Pradeep Singh
    Gene expression in the trp operon is regulated by two mechanisms - feedback repression and attenuation. Feedback repression involves tryptophan binding to the repressor to block transcription of the structural genes when tryptophan levels are high. Attenuation provides finer control and can reduce transcription by 700-fold. It involves a leader transcript that can form alternative hairpin loop structures depending on tryptophan availability during translation, determining whether transcription continues or terminates early.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    WHY REGULATION OF GENE
    EXPRESSION???
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    !"  #
    
    STRUCTURE
    ] STRUCTURAL GENE
    ] CONTROL REGION
    ] REGULATOR
    STRUCTURAL GENE
    ] V E+V D: Anthranilate synthetase
    ] V i: Indole glycerolphosphate synthetase
    ] V @+V A: Tryptophan synthetase

    the end product of these structural gene


    produced a nonproteinaceous component of
    repressor called corepressor. In trp operon
    tryptophan serves as corepressor
    iontrol region..

    ionsist of..
    ] Promoter - RNA polymerase binds here
    ] Operator - regulatory protein binds here
    ] Leader segment - leader and attenuator
    & lies
    between operator and structural gene an
    alternate mode of regulation of gene
    expression known as › › 
    Regulator
    ] Located upstream of control region , not
    contiguous with the operon & synthesize
    aporepressor which is a proteinaceous
    substance. It forms a constituent of
    repressor for corepressor. When the latter
    is not available then in proper strength the
    operator is kept switched on by itself
    because aporepressor is unable to block
    the working of operator.
    =  
      
    ] It is regulated by  
    › :

    1. Feed @ack repression or Repression


    controls the initiation of transcription

    2. Attenuation governs the frequency


    of early transcript termination.
    Feed @ack repression
    ] Whenever corepressor accumulates or
    become available from outside source it
    combines with aporepressor forms
    repressor and blocks the operator then
    structural gene will stop transcription.
    Attenuation
    ] Is a second mechanism of negative
    feedback in trp operon and fine tuned it by
    700 folds & first observed by i ARLES
    YANOFSKY .
    ] It is performed by a attenuator which is
    specific regulatory sequence that when
    transcribed in RNA forms a hairpin structure to
    stop transcription when certain condition are
    not met e.g. when there is high level of trp. in
    env. &      › ›
    
    ›  .
    `›  
    ] RNA from the attenuator region is called the
    leader transcript.
    ] iontains 4 regions than may form stem-loop
    structures, with three possible pairings: 1-2,
    3-4, and 2-3. Attenuator is made made-up of
    Stem-loop 3-4 followed by 8 U·s: this is a typical ǒ-
    independent transcription termination signal i.e
    mRNA can base pair with itself to form hair loop
    structure.
    ] Encodes a leader peptide ² 14 aa·s, with two
    adjacent trp residues.
    ]Ifsequence 2 & 3
    base pair the
    attenuator structure
    cannot form and
    transcription continue.
    Attenuating transcription or
    not???
    ] Regulatory sequence 1 is crucial for
    tryptophan-sensitivity mechanism that
    determines wether sequence 3 pairs with
    sequence 2 or with sequence
    4(transcription stop) & formation of
    attenuator structure depend on events
    that occur during translation of regulatory
    sequence 1, which encode a leader
    sequence of 14 a.a two of which are trp.
    When trp. ioncentration are
    high«then????
    ] trp tRNA will also be high which allows
    translation to proceed rapidly past the two
    trp. iodons of sequence of sequence 1 and
    into 2 before 3 is synthesized by RNA pol.
    ] Due to this Sequence 2 is covered by
    ribosome and unavailable for pairing to
    sequence 3, when sequence 3 is synthesized
    then finally sequence 3 and 4 forms which
    halts the transcription or Structural genes not
    transcribed due to early termination
    (attenuation).
    When trp. ioncentration are
    low«then?????
    ] Then ribosome stalls at the two trp. iodon
    in sequence 1 because charged trp. tRNA
    is less available so sequence 2 remains
    free while 3 is synthesized allowing these
    two sequence to base pair and
    permitting transcription to proceed.
    Ä 

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