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    Presentation On Geographic Information System (Gis)

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    ali_saify52
    This document provides an overview of geographic information systems (GIS). It defines GIS as a system for capturing, storing, integrating, manipulating, analyzing and displaying spatially referenced data. Key points include that GIS handles spatial data referenced by location, connects activities based on spatial proximity, and has cross-disciplinary applications in areas like mapping, surveying, and remote sensing. Spatial data can take different forms and is stored using vector or raster data models. GIS provides benefits like better information management and analysis to support applications in facilities management, marketing, environmental analysis, and more.

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    Presentation On Geographic Information System (Gis)

    Uploaded by

    ali_saify52
    75 views19 pages
    This document provides an overview of geographic information systems (GIS). It defines GIS as a system for capturing, storing, integrating, manipulating, analyzing and displaying spatially referenced data. Key points include that GIS handles spatial data referenced by location, connects activities based on spatial proximity, and has cross-disciplinary applications in areas like mapping, surveying, and remote sensing. Spatial data can take different forms and is stored using vector or raster data models. GIS provides benefits like better information management and analysis to support applications in facilities management, marketing, environmental analysis, and more.

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    Presentation on GIS

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    This document provides an overview of geographic information systems (GIS). It defines GIS as a system for capturing, storing, integrating, manipulating, analyzing and displaying spatially referenced data. Key points include that GIS handles spatial data referenced by location, connects activities based on spatial proximity, and has cross-disciplinary applications in areas like mapping, surveying, and remote sensing. Spatial data can take different forms and is stored using vector or raster data models. GIS provides benefits like better information management and analysis to support applications in facilities management, marketing, environmental analysis, and more.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    75 views19 pages

    Presentation On Geographic Information System (Gis)

    Uploaded by

    ali_saify52
    This document provides an overview of geographic information systems (GIS). It defines GIS as a system for capturing, storing, integrating, manipulating, analyzing and displaying spatially referenced data. Key points include that GIS handles spatial data referenced by location, connects activities based on spatial proximity, and has cross-disciplinary applications in areas like mapping, surveying, and remote sensing. Spatial data can take different forms and is stored using vector or raster data models. GIS provides benefits like better information management and analysis to support applications in facilities management, marketing, environmental analysis, and more.

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    You are on page 1of 19

    PRESENTATION ON

    GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
    SYSTEM (GIS)

    SUBMITTED TO- SUBMITTED BY-


    Mrs. Rachna Jain Ajay Makvana
    Amit Kumawat
    Anveshak Pardhi
    GIS: A FORMAL DEFINITION
    “A system for capturing, storing, checking,
    integrating, manipulating, analysing and
    displaying data which are spatially
    referenced to the Earth. This is normally
    considered to involve a spatially referenced
    computer database and appropriate
    applications software”

    2
    WHY IS GIS UNIQUE?

     GIS handles SPATIAL information


     Information referenced by its location in space

     GIS makes connections between activities


    based on spatial proximity

    3
    Digital
    Mapping

    Computer
    Photo-
    Aided
    grammetry
    Design

    GIS

    Databases Surveying

    Remote
    Sensing

    Cross-disciplinary nature of GIS


    WHAT MAKES DATA SPATIAL?

    Grid co-ordinate Placename

    Latitude / Longitude

    Postcode

    Description
    Distance & bearing

    5
    CHARACTERISTICS OF SPATIAL DATA
    Geometry
     The shape of a
    building or county
     The course of a
    river, the route of a
    road
     The shape of the
    landscape, relief

    6
    SPATIAL DATA: EXAMPLES
     Socio-economic data
     Regional
    health data
     Consumer / lifestyle profiles
     Geodemographics

     Environmental data
     Topographic data
     Thematic data, soils, geology

    7
    Data Modelling - step 1
    • Features

    – Buildings
    – Road centrelines
    – Lamp columns
    – Gas pipes
    – CTV Access covers
    – Road surfaces

    8
    DATA MODELLING - STEP 2

    Point

    Line

    Polygon

    9
    DATA MODELLING - STEP 3

    Feature : Building
    Object: Polygon
    Entity: Tourist
    Information
    Bureau

    10
    SPATIAL DATA STORAGE
    7,10
    5,9
    10

    Vector model
    9,8
     4,7
    polygon as geometric objects:
    8,6
    points, lines, polygons
    1,6
    6,6
    5 2,5

    line 5,4

    point
    2,2 4,1

    5 10

    as image files
    composed of grid-cells
     Raster model (pixels)

    11
    VECTOR DATA MODEL
     Advantage of the vector data format: allows precise
    representation of points, boundaries, and linear
    features.
     useful for analysis tasks that require accurate
    positioning,
     for defining spatial relationship between coverage
    features (topology), important for such purposes as
    network analysis.
     Main disadvantage of vector data is that the boundaries
    of the resulting map polygons are discrete (enclosed by
    well-defined boundary lines), whereas in reality the
    map polygons may represent continuous gradation or
    gradual change, as in soil maps.
    RASTER DATA MODEL
     Good for representing indistinct boundaries
     thematic information on soil types, soil
    moisture, vegetation, ground temperatures.

     As reconnaissance satellites and aerial surveys


    use raster-based scanners, the information (i.e;
    scanned images) can be directly incorporated
    into GIS.

     The higher the grid resolution, the larger the


    data file is going to be
    MODELLING THE REAL WORLD
    y
    1 1 20 50
    1 2 24 45
    1 3 52 55
    2 1 0 45 46 40
    x ...

    0000000200
    0000100002
    0010000000
    0200002220
    1 ...

    14
    Geo-relational Data Models

    • Linked tables based on the relational


    model, but storing geographical
    information such as:
    – Geometry
    – Topology
    – Attributes
    THE BENEFITS OF GIS INCLUDE:
     Better information management

     Higher quality analysis

     Improve project efficiency

    16
    GIS APPLICATIONS
     Facilities management
     Marketing and retailing
     Environmental
     Transport/vehicle routing
     Health
     Insurance
    and many more . . .

    17
    GIS VS GPS
     GIS is frequently confused with GPS because it is a
    more generic acronym (Geographic Information
    System) used to describe a more complex mapping
    technology that is connected to a particular database.

     Because it’s generic, it is a broader term than the GPS


    in its technical sense.

     Thus, GIS is a computer program or application that is


    utilized to view and handle data about geographic
    locations and spatial correlations among others. It
    simply gives the user a framework to obtain
    information.
    A N K
    TH
    Y O U

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