VOLLEYBALL

PE 4- TEAM SPORTS

MS. ROUSELLE MAY A. REGIO

 HISTORY
One of the few sports that originated in the United States is the game volleyball.
This was invented in 1895 by William C. Morgan, a YMCA director in Holyoke,
Massachussets, which he initially called mintonette in attempt to meet the needs
of local businessmen who found the game of basketball to be strenuous. One of
the objectives of the game is to provide an indoor game to be played during the
cold winters in the northeast states of the country. The new game caught on
quickly because it required only few basic skills, easily mastered in limited prac-
tice time and by players of varying fitness levels. The original game was played
with a rubber bladder from a basketball. Any rules allowed any number of play-
ers on a side. In 1896 the name was changed by Alfred Halstead, who after
viewing a game, felt volleyball would be a more suitable name due to the volley-
ing charac teristics of play (Viera & Ferguson, 1989).
As the game progressed, many changes in play have occurred. Among
these developments are the contributions of the Filipinos who are credited
with adding the set and spike in the game and the Japanese added the
sport to the Olympic Games program in 1964. These contributed to the
fast growth of volleyball in the last three decades.

The game was introduced to the Philippines in 1910 by the Physical

Director of the YMCA, Elwood S. Brown, to Japan in 1913, to Poland in
1915, to Uruguay in 1916, to Brazil and Latvia in 1912, and to Syria in
1922. After the World War I, it was introduced throughout Europe.
The Game – Volleyball
Volleyball is a complex game of simple skills, and is usually played
indoors. There is no time limit on a game, but there are Sets.
There is a break of three minutes between sets, and coaches may
call two 30-second (maximum) time-outs in each set. Two teams of
six players each attempt to get the ball across the net using any
part of the body above the waist, so that the opposing team cannot
return it.
A player is not allowed to hit the ball twice in a row, except when
attempting a Block.
FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT
 The Volleyball Court
The Volleyball Court is 18 meters long x 9 meters wide. If you were to play on a girl's court and then go
play on a guy's court, although the net is higher on the guy's court, the volleyball court size, which
means the length and width of the court, would be the same.

The net is 2.43 meters (7 feet 8 inches) high for Men, while 2.24 meters (7 feet 4 inches) for Women.
The Ball
Molten FLIPSTATEC 5000

Their volleyballs are the official

balls for the US national teams
and the youth teams since 1997
and 2001, respectively. Their
Molten FLIPSTATEC 5000 is also
the official ball of the NCAA
men’s division and used by many
different collegiate conference
games.
 
Mikasa MVA 200- (Size 5)

Their volleyball balls are the

official ones used by the FIVB
in worldwide competitions. The
MVA200 is one of the top indoor
balls available. The MVA200
has become the ball of choice
for all nations and the FIVB.
The Volleyball Net
The Net is stretched across the court, 1 meter (3 feet) deep and 9.5 meters (31 feet 6 inches
long). The Net height is 2.43 meters for men, and 2.24 meters high for women.
VOLLEYBALL PLAYING POSITIONS
Basics of Volleyball Positions on the Court

 There are three players on each of the zone. (Attack Zone

and Defense Zone)
 Front row players are players who are allowed to block the
opponent and attack the ball in the attack zone.
 Back row players are players who play defense by digging
opponent’s attacks and attack the ball behind attack line
(3 meter line, 10 feet line).
 Players are rotating clockwise on the court after winning the
rally after the opponent’s serve.
PLAYING POSITIONS
Outside Hitter (wing spiker , left spiker) - is the player who carries
the serve receive responsibility along with the Libero. Outside hit-
ter most often attacks the balls which setter sets to the antenna to
the left side of the court. Outside hitters play both the front row
and the back row. Wing spikers along with the opposites are often
players who score the most points in the game.
Right Side Hitter (wing spiker , right spiker) – is responsible for
blocking the opponent's outside hitter, which means the person
who plays opposite needs to be a solid blocker as well 
as a good hitter. Right side hitter has the similar role than out-
side hitter, they play front row and back row and are carrying pass,
attack, block, serve and defense responsibilities.
Outside Hitters in the Philippines
Setter - is the playmaker, the backbone of the offense and makes the decisions about
who gets the ball when. She touches the ball on the second contact and delivers it to
her hitters. A Setter’s responsibility is to run the team’s offense and build up offensive
scoring opportunities for the team. The setter plays both front row and back row,
therefore s/he needs to be able to block, serve and play defense. The setter needs to
have good blocking skills because in front row position s/he plays against the
opponent’s outside hitter who often carries big load of the attacking responsibility for
the team.
 
Middle Blocker - Middle blockers main responsibility is to stop the opponent’s offense.
The middle blocker builds a block which stops the ball, or allows the team to dig the
ball up. Middle blockers' job is to stop the opponent’s middle hitters or wing hitters in
co-operation with teammates. Middle blockers need to have great blocking, attacking
and serving skills.
Libero - plays in the back row and has impeccable ball control. The libero
needs to be a great passer and an even better digger. She is all over the
court to keep the ball in the air for her team to create scoring chances..
The libero is a back row specialist who is allowed to play back court only.
The libero wears a different color shirt in the team and is allowed to enter
and exit the game without substitution request. The libero can replace any
player on the court and most often replaces middle blockers. The libero is
not allowed to serve the ball. (Some leagues in US allow liberos to serve.)
VOLLEYBALL OFFICIALS
 To make sure that rules are followed.

The First Referee sits in a high chair on a level with the top of the net, so he
has a clear view across the top of the net and the court. A referee’s duties
include signaling when a rally begins and ends. The referee is responsible for
officially recognizing team requests, substitutions, time-outs and communicat-
ing with the coaches at the appropriate times. 

The Second Referee stands opposite the first referee, close to the scorer’s
table and substitute benches.
There are also Line Officials (Linesmen) at each corner of the court, and
they say whether the ball is in or out, and whether a player touches the ball.
Line judges work with the referees, signaling to assist in making judgment
calls. These officials often use flags to signal when a ball is in or out, hits the
antennae of the net, or when the server commits a foot fault, or steps outside
the line as they serve.
The Scorer creates official records of volleyball games. Before play begins,
the scorekeeper records team and player information. Once the game begins,
scorekeepers not only track points, but also player substitutions, sanctions
and time-outs. The scorekeeper keeps an eye on the individual serving the
ball to track the rotation and notify referees of potential lapses.
SCORING
Rally Point Scoring
The team winning a rally scores a point. When the receiving
team wins a rally, they gain a point and the right to serve, and
its players rotate one position clockwise. Each game will be
won by the team that first scores 25 points with a minimum
two-point advantage.
The first four sets are played to 25, but the winning team
must be ahead by at least two points. The fifth set is played
to 15 – and again the winner must have a two-point margin.
The system was designed to make the scoring system easier
to follow and games faster and more exciting. 
COURT POSITIONS/ ROTATION OF
PLAYERS

The team with the right to serve first serves at the start of Set 1
and 3. The Opposing team will serve at the start of Sets 2 and 4.
In a Five Set Match, a coin will be tossed to decide which team
serves first, and for the right to choose ends.  
Once the Referee has signaled for the match to begin, the
server has Five Seconds to make the Serve.
If a player serves out of Rotation Order, all points
gained in that sequence are lost, and the team loses
possession of the ball. The team must be back in
rotational order before the play restarts.

The ball is allowed to contact the net during the serve.

If the ball travels over the net, between the antennas,
and ends up the opponent’s court, it is legal.
BASIC SKILLS IN VOLLEYBALL
 SERVICE
A serve begins each rally. A player must hit the ball with his or her hand over the
net to land inside the lines of the court. Players may serve underarm or overarm
(hardly anyone at elite level would offer an underarm serve). A popular serve is
the "jump" or "spike" serve: the player jumps and serves the ball while airborne.
 
Each player gets only one chance to serve. The serve can touch the net and
continue into the opponent's court. Before this rule was introduced, a net touch
on service ended the rally and the point was awarded to the receiving team. 

When the serving team loses a rally, it loses the right to serve. The receiving
team then rotates one position on the court. 
DIG
The "dig" is a forearm pass that is used to control the ball and pass it to the setter
at the net. It is usually the first contact by the team and an effective shot to use in
defense, such as when receiving a spike. The "libero" handles much of the team's
serve reception and is pivotal in backcourt defense. 
SET
The "set" is an overhead pass used to change the direction of the dig and put the
ball in a good position for the spiker. 
It is usually the team's second contact. Setting is the tactical center of Volleyball.
A setter must be good enough to keep the big blockers from dominating the net.
The setter must feed his or her best hitters while also looking for opponent's block-
ing weaknesses (such as a short player on the front line or a slow center
blocker). 
SPIKE
The "spike" is when the ball is hit or smashed across the net. It is the most pow-
erful shot in Volleyball – and the most effective way to win a rally. 
BLOCK
This is the first line of defense in Volleyball. The objective of the "block" is to stop
the spiked ball from crossing the net or to channel the spike to defenders. The
three front-court players share blocking. Teams usually opt for a "read and react"
block (whereby they try to react to the ball leaving the setter's hands) or for a
"commit" block (whereby they decide before the point whether to jump on the
quick middle balls). The key to good blocking is penetration – the best blockers
reach well over the net and into the opponent's court rather than reaching straight
up, when the block can be easily penetrated by quality hitters. 
REFEREE’S HAND SIGNAL
THANK YOU!