GNANAMANI COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF COCONUT SHELL AS

A REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE IN CONCRETE

A PROJECT PRESENT BY
PROJECT SUPERVISOR
RAMAN S 620817103082
RONALDO AJAY A 620817103085 Mr.N.VENKADESAN
SURYA D 620817103109 AP/CIVIL
TAMILSELVAM S 620817103112
 ABSTRACT

The high cost of conventional construction material affects economy of structure. With the
increasing concrete over excessiveexploitation of natural aggregates, synthetic lightweight
aggregate produced from environmental waste is a viable newsource of structural aggregate
material. It is becoming more difficult to find natural resources. Therefore the coconut shell
aspartial replacement for coarse aggregate in concrete is studied. The density, slump and
compressive strength of concrete aretested. The replacement of coarse aggregate by
coconut shell by 0%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The tests were carried out and theresults
obtained suggested that the replacement more than 20% leads to lightweight aggregate
concrete. The slump found outto be increases as the percentage replacement increased.
Similarly the density is reduced as the percentage replacementincreased. The compressive
strength found to be decreases as the percentage replacement increases.
 CONTENTS

 Literature Review
 Objective and Scope of coconut shell
 Methodology
 Material selection and Testing
 Experimental work
 Results and Discussion
 Conclusion
 References
 LITERATURE REVIEW

Dewanshu Ahlawat et al. (201

were investigated the Coconut shell as partial replacement ofcoarse aggregate in concrete. The aim of this research is
to spread awareness of using coconut shell partialreplacement of coarse aggregate in concrete and determining its
compressive strength and density. Theconclusions for the research are the compressive strength of the concrete
decreased as the percentage shellsubstitution increased. Also increased in percentage replacementby coconut shell
increase workability ofconcrete. Coconut shell can be used as partial replacement of coarse aggregate in R.C.C.
concrete.
B. Damodhara Reddy ET al. (2014)
were investigated the use of coconut shell as coarse aggregate. Inthis study, coconut shell is used as light weight
aggregate in concrete. The project paper aims at analyzingflexural and compressive strength characteristics of with
partial replacement using M30 grade concrete. Theproject also aims to show that coconut shell aggregate is a potential
construction material and simultaneouslyreduces the environment problem of solid. The conclusions for the result are,
CSC where 25% of the coarseaggregate is replaced, shows properties similar to the nominal mix and 50% replaced
CSC shows propertiessimilar to light weight concrete which can be used as filler materials in framed structures,
flooring tiles, thermalinsulating concrete etc.ete.
 LITERATURE
REVIEW
Amarnath Yerramala et al. (2012)
from structures and materials laboratory of Civil Engineeringr,Intell Engineering College, Anantpur, India were
Properties of concrete with coconut shell (CS) as aggregatereplacement were studied. Control concrete with
normal aggregate and CS coSncrete with 10-20% coarseaggregate replacement with CS were made. Two mixes
with CS and fly ash were also made to investigate fly ash effect on CS replaced concrete. Constant water to
cementitious ratio of 0.6 was maintained for all the
OBJECTIVES OF COCONUT SHELL

 To encourage the use of these seemingly waste products as

construction material.
 To find economical solution for high cost construction material .
 To reduce the solid waste by using coconut shell as coarse
aggregate.
 To prepare the light weight concrete and thermal material by
using coconut shells.
SCOPE OF COCONUT SHELL

It is concluded that the coconut shell are more suitable as a light Weight aggregate
when used to replace common coarse aggregate in Concrete production

Moreover it reduces cost of coarse aggregate and also reduces Environmental

pollution due to coconut shell
 METHODOLOGY
Literature review

Material selection and Its properties

Testing of material

Mix Design

Casting of specimens

Testing of specimens

Result and Discussion

Conclusion
METERIALS COLLECTION AND PROPERTIES

OPC Cement

Properties of OPC cement

Properties values
Specific Gravity 3.12
Normal Consistency 29%
Initial Setting time 65min
Final Setting time 275min
 Fine aggregate

Propertice of fine aggregate

Size: The size of fine aggregate should be equal to or less than 4.75mm
Shape:Sand of irregular noduls shape is preferable to completely round draind
sand
Specific Gravity: It is the ratio of density of aggregate to the dencitiy of water
Coarse aggregate

WATER
Propertice of coarse aggregate

I. The coarse aggregate should be irregular shape

II. A higher aggregate modulus will result in a concrete having a higher
modulus
Coconut shell

Properties of coconunt shell

I. Coconunt shell is high potential material duo to its high strength

II. Should be high specific strength to weight ratio
III. Should be low density
TESTING

Cement test:
Field test
Soundness test
Fineness test
Strength test
Fine aggregate test:
Specific Gravity test
Sieve Analysis test
Coarse aggregate test:
impact test
Crushing value test

compaction factor test

 AS PER IS456:2000,M20 GRADE OF CONCRETE MIX
PROPORTION IS
1 : 1.5 : 3

VOLUME OF CEMENT

x 1.57

1.57
=0.28
1CEMENT =1440KG/
0.28CEMENT =0.28 x 1440
=403.2KG/
VOLUME OF SAND

x 1.57

x 1.57

=0.42
1SAND =1600KG/
0.42SAND = 0.42 x1600
= 672KG/
VOLUME OF COARSE AGGREGATE

x 1.57

x 1.57

= 0.85
1 AGG = 1800KG/
0.85= 0.85 x 1800
= 1356KG/
maximum water content= 186litre
maximum coconunt shell = 15%
1:1.5:3
403.2: 672:1356
CASTING OF SPECIMENS

Compressive strength of concrete can be determined using different

shapes of specimens. Most commonly used specimens are cylinders
and cubes.
compressive force on cylindrical specimens of size 150 mm
diameter and 300mm height.
compressive strength is a cube specimen of concrete by size 150 ×
150 × 150 mm
TESTING OF SPECIMENS

Compressive strength Test

Compressive strength is defined as resistance of concrete to axial
Loading. cubes were placed in universal testing machine (U.T.M),
and
Load was applied . The readings on the dial gauge were recorded
and
Compressive strength was calculated.
RESULT

Result of compressive strength (N/mm2)

Curing (days) % replacement of Crushing load Compressive

Coconut shell Strength
(MPa)
7 10 92.93 11.83

14 15 153.3 19.51

28 20 170.63 21.72
CONCLUSSION

Use of coconut shell in cement concrete can help in waste reduction

and reduction in pollution. The need of the hour is to encourage such
a use of the wastes as construction material in low cost housing. The
construction industries have identified many artificial and natural
lightweight aggregate that have replaced conventional aggregates
thereby reducing the size of the members in the structure. From the
experimental work it is clear that the with CS percentage increase
the 7 days strength gain also
 
REFERENCES

Glover A. S State of the art in selective mining for quality

lightweight aggregate production”, CPG, PG, structural lightweight
aggregate concrete summit, Charlotte, North Carolina,
 1995.
 W. Kinniburgh, “Lightweight concrete”, applied science
publisher, London, 1978.
 Neville A.M. “properties of concrete”, 4th edition Essex: Addison
Wesley, Longman Ltd, 1995.
 Gunasekaran K. Annadurai R and Kumar P. S. “Long term study
on compressive and bond strength of coconut shell aggregate
concrete”, construction and building material, 28,1,208-
THANK YOU