XR200 X-Ray Source: Operator'S Manual
XR200 X-Ray Source: Operator'S Manual
XR200 X-Ray Source: Operator'S Manual
X-RAY SOURCE
OPERATOR’S MANUAL
CONTENTS
ITEM PAGE
1.0 INTRODUCTION................................................................................ 2
2.0 WARNINGS........................................................................................ 2
EXCLUSION ZONE DIAGRAM………………………….…………….. 4
3.0 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION................................................................ 5
3.1 HIGH VOLTAGE PULSER/TUBEHEAD...................................... 5
3.2
BASE...........................................................................................
5
3.3 CONTROL
MODULE...................................................................
6
3.4 BATTERY
PACK..........................................................................
7
3.5 BATTERY
CHARGER…………………………..............................
7
CABLE CONNECTOR DIAGRAM……………………………………… 8
4.0 DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION...................................................... 9
BLOCK
DIAGRAM………………………………………………………. 10
5.0 OPERATING
INSTRUCTIONS.......................................................... 11
5.1 OPERATING
PRECAUTIONS..................................................... 11
5.2 OPERATING
PROCEDURES...................................................... 11
5.3 REMOTE CABLE
OPTION………………………………………….. 11
5.4 DELAY MODE
OPTION…………………………………………...... 13
5. REAL TIME IMAGING OPTION……………………………………. 13
6.DEFAULT PULSE SETTING………………………………………. 14
5.7 PULSE SETTINGS........................................................................ 14
5.8 DUTY CYCLE................................................................................ 15
6.0 SOFTWARE........................................................................................ 16
7.0 MAINTENANCE.................................................................................. 16
7.1 DOSE MEASUREMENT……………………………………………. 16
7.2 TUBE REPLACEMENT……………………………………………... 17
8.0 TROUBLE-SHOOTING....................................................................... 18
9.0 INSTRUCTIONS FOR REPAIR......................................................... 18
-1-
9.1 HANDLE REPLACEMENT………………………………………… 18
9.2 FUSE REPLACEMENT……………………………………………. 19
9.3 REMOVING BOARDS……………………………………………… 19
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The XR200 produces high levels of radiation and must be operated by qualified
personnel who must read the Warning and Operations section of the manual before
operating the device.
The XR200 is a small, lightweight x-ray generator that operates on its own removable battery
pack. The XR200 is a pulsed x-ray device that produces x-ray pulses of very short duration (60
nanoseconds). It produces a relatively low dose rate comparable to a 1.0 ma constant potential
machine. The energy produced by the XR200 is up to 150KVP, which makes it possible to
radiograph up to ½ inch (1.3 cm) of steel.
XR200 standard accessories are two keys, two battery packs, and one battery charger. Remote
cable, carrying case, and film developing equipment are also common accessories.
1. WARNINGS
2. The XR200 is an industrial type x-ray generator that produces hazardous radiation when
energized.
3. It is unlawful to use this equipment to intentionally expose humans or to use it for medical
radiography.
4. The XR200 is subject to state regulation and registration. Contact your state board of
health before operating equipment.
5. The operator of the XR200 must be properly trained to safely operate the unit.
7. Develop and closely follow a safe operating system for using the XR200.
The safe operating system must ensure that no one is exposed to radiation above the
permissible limits which are 2 mR (0.02 mSv) per hour or 100 mR (1 mSv) per year for a
member of the public. (Refer to Specifications, page 20, for X-ray output and Exclusion
Zone, page 4, for stand off distances.)
The safe operating system must ensure the XR200 is used within federal and state
guidelines.
7. All operators and users of the XR200 x-ray machine must wear a personal radiation
monitoring device, such as a TLD (thermoluminescent dosimeter), film badge, and/or a
pocket dosimeter consistent with the appropriate federal, territorial or provincial
standards (note: an electronic dosimeter will not detect the XR200 radiation pulses).
Due to the short pulse width of the XR200, survey meters of the Geiger-Mueller and
scintillator type do not accurately detect the radiation emitted from the x-ray source.
Survey meters should be of the ionization type and should be used in the integration
mode. Survey meters must not be used in the rate mode because the XR200 does not
produce constant radiation. The XR200 produces very high rates of radiation for very short
periods of time resulting in either unrealistically high readings or no readings for a survey
meter in rate mode.
2.8 The XR200 has no explosion proof rating and should not be used in an explosive
atmosphere. The Spark Gap is vented to the air and could be a source of ignition.
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XR200 EXCLUSION ZONE
State Maximum exposure limits Golden Engineering suggested
2 mR per hour (3000 pulses) standoff distance
36’ (11m)
28’
100’
10’ 77’6” (24m) 30m
3m
28’
36’ (11m)
4
3.0 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
KEY
COLLIMATOR HANDLE
CONTROL MODULE
Head
BATTERY
BEAM
ANGLE
LABEL
1. HIGH VOLTAGE PULSER/TUBEHEAD. The main body of the XR200 is the tube head
which contains the tube cavity, cold cathode type X-ray tube, spark gap, high voltage
capacitor, and transformer. The collimator located on the front of the head holds the tube in
the tube cavity and limits the X-ray beam to 40 degrees.
2. BASE. The base of the XR200 contains the base plate, tripod mount, tripod mount release
button, and identification label. The tripod mount contains threaded ¼-20 insert that can be
attached to a standard camera tripod. The release button allows the tripod mount to stay on
the tripod head, while removing the XR200. A label identifying the model, manufacturer, and
serial number is located on the bottom of the XR200 base.
TRIPOD MOUNT
Figure 2: Base
5
3.3 CONTROL MODULE The control module contains the following indicators and switches.
X-RAY WARNING LIGHT LCD KEY
PULSE DEFAULT
DELAY
POWER ON LIGHT
BACK
CABLE CONNECTOR
PLATE
GREEN LED: Power on light. Illuminates when the battery voltage is applied to the
control module.
RED X-RAY WARNING LIGHT: Blinks after the time delay button or remote cable button
is pressed to warn that the XR200 is going to pulse. The light stays on continuously while
the XR200 is pulsing.
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD): Displays 2 digits showing the number of pulses
selected. If the X-ray Warning Light is blinking, then the LCD displays the number of
seconds remaining until the XR200 begins pulsing. The LCD is backlit so it can be
viewed in the dark.
6
Input Switches: The two gold push button switches are labeled Range and Units.
o RANGE SWITCH is used to alternate LCD between tens digit and ones digit
when entering pulses.
o UNITS SWITCH changes the reading of the tens digit or units digit to any
number from 0 to 9. The Units Switch is also used with the blue switch to
change the default pulse setting.
DELAY SWITCH: This green push button switch is used to initiate delay mode.
BLUE SWITCH: This switch is pressed with the units switch to alter the default pulse
setting.
REMOTE CONNECTOR: This connector located on the back of the control module
beneath the battery receives the remote cable or imaging system cable. The diagram
on the following page shows more details for the Remote Connector.
BACK PLATE: Covers the Oscillator board and contains battery terminal connectors.
4. BATTERY PACK. The battery pack is a DeWalt 14.4V nickel-cadmium battery. See
enclosed instruction manual from DeWalt for safety and warranty information.
5. BATTERY CHARGER: The standard battery charger is the DeWalt DW9116 (110V) charger
or DE9108 (220V) charger. It takes about one hour to completely charge a battery. See
charger manual for additional instructions and warnings.
7
XR200 REAR VIEW/CABLE CONNECTOR
PIN # DESCRIPTION
1 +5 VOLTS 100 ma MAXIMUM
2 REMOTE SWITCH
3 REMOTE SWITCH – NO DELAY
4 X-RAY ON SIGNAL
5 COMMON 0 VOLTS
2 5
3 4
PIN 2
PIN 5
8
1. DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION
The block diagram on page 9 illustrates how the XR200 functions. The following sequence
of events takes place each time the XR200 is fired.
The closing of the High Voltage Switch produces an audible snapping sound. The XR200
cannot produce x-rays without the snapping sound and conversely the snapping
sound serves as a warning that the XR200 is functioning. The operator should
become familiar with the characteristic sound.
This unit generates x-rays through high voltage bombardment of a tungsten target. The
XR200 does not contain radioactive materials. All the high voltage is contained within the
aluminum canister and as long as the canister is not punctured and the collimator is on the
head the operator is not exposed to dangerous voltages.
9
XR200
BLOCK DIAGRAM
X-RAY
TUBE
PULSE
DETECTOR
CONVERTER
USER
CONTROLLER
INTERFACE
BATTERY
10
1. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
2. OPERATING PRECAUTIONS: The operator should always stand at least 10 feet behind
the X-ray unit while it is pulsing and clear all personnel at least 100 ft. from the front of the
unit. See the diagram on page 4 for more details regarding exclusion zone and safe
operating distances. Closely follow all procedures in the safe operating system.
5. Insert key into key switch located on top of the control module. Turn on the XR200 by
gently turning the key clockwise 1/4 turn.
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6. In order to select the desired number of pulses for the XR200 first depress the RANGE
SWITCH. The unit’s digit of the LCD will blink twice and then go blank. The UNITS
SWITCH can then be used to adjust the unit’s digit of the LCD to the desired value.
Step 1 Step 2
7. Press the RANGE SWITCH again and the tens digit of the LCD will blink twice and go
blank. The UNITS SWITCH can be used to adjust the tens digit to the desired value.
Step 3 Step 4
Press the RANGE SWITCH again after the 10’s digit has been entered to take the unit
out of the pulse setting mode. If the RANGE SWITCH is not pressed a second time the
unit will automatically exit the pulse setting mode after six seconds of inactivity. Both the
units and tens digit will blink twice to indicate the pulses have been set and unit is out of
pulse setting mode.
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4. DELAY MODE OPTION
Follow the same steps as the remote cable option with the following changes.
1. Do not attach remote cable.
2. After the pulses have been selected and the Exclusion Zone has been cleared of all
personnel press the TIME DELAY button and retreat at least 10 feet (3m) behind the unit.
The timer starts at 60 seconds. If you hold the delay button down for 1.5 seconds the
time delay will change to 15 seconds.
The red warning light starts to blink and the unit makes a beeping sound as soon
as the time delay button is pressed.
Time delay sequence can be stopped by pressing the RANGE button, UNITS
button, or turning the unit off.
When the time delay counts down to 00 the red light stays on continuously and
the
XR200 begins pulsing.
13
5.6 DEFAULT PULSE SETTING
The default pulse setting displayed on the LCD can be altered by the user through the following
steps.
Step 5
1. Set the count setting to the desired pulses as described previously and shown in steps
one through four above. The digits in the LCD will blink indicating pulse setting is
registered.
2. After the new pulse setting has been registered depress the UNITS SWITCH followed by
the BLUE SWITCH as shown in step five above. Hold both switches down for 1.5
seconds.
3. Both digits of the LCD will blink indicating that the DEFAULT PULSE SETTING has been
changed.
4. Verify the new DEFAULT PULSE SETTING by turning the power to the XR200 off and on
while observing the LCD. The new setting should appear when the unit powers on.
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MATERIAL PULSE SETTING
ENVELOPE 1-2
CARDBOARD BOX 2-3
LIGHT WOOD CONTAINER 2-4
HEAVY WOOD CONTAINER 5-6
PLASTIC BOX / APPLIANCE 4-6
LIGHT METAL CONTAINER 10
STEEL PIPE 50
The following is true when using Polaroid positive film or digital imaging system that generates a
positive image. If the radiograph is too dark, the film is underexposed. If the radiograph is too
light the film is overexposed. Underexposure can be corrected by increasing the number of
pulses and/or decreasing the distance between the imaging medium (film cassette, imaging
plate, or imager) and XR200. Overexposure can be corrected by reducing the number of
pulses and/or increasing the distance between the imaging medium and XR200.
5.8 DUTY CYCLE WARNING. The maximum duty cycle for the XR200 is 200 pulses every four
minutes – 3000 pulses per hour. Two consecutive pulse trains of 99 pulses can be fired then
the unit should rest to cool down for at least four minutes. The XR200 is a light duty
machine. It is not made to pulse continuously.
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1. SOFTWARE
The software program that controls the microcontroller can be identified by turning the key
switch on while both push button switches below the LCD are depressed. The LCD displays the
software version 62. After 62 is displayed the total number of pulses on the XR200 will be
displayed in the LCD. Each digit represents 10,000 pulses. Example: If the LCD reads 04 the
total number of pulses on the XR200 is between 40,000 and 50,000 pulses. After the total
number of pulses is displayed the LCD will read 00 or the default value that was last stored on
the unit.
The software program is capable of determining the state of battery charge based on the time
between each pulse. As the battery loses charge the XR200 pulses slower with more time
between each pulse. If there is more than .33 seconds between two consecutive pulses the
following will occur:
The XR200 stops pulsing immediately and the LCD displays 00.
This function prevents XR200 from pulsing continuously if there is a failure in detecting
circuitry.
This condition may indicate a low battery, electrical noise, or failure in detecting
circuitry.
The operator may need to replace the battery pack, turn key switch off and on, or send
the XR200 back for repair.
2. MAINTENANCE
3. X-RAY DOSE MEASUREMENT Using a dosimeter, the average X-ray dose for new tube
can be established.
With the dosimeter located one foot from the front of the case and in line with the center
of the beam angle label, the reading for 10 pulses should be between 27 and 40 mR.
The leakage sheet illustrates the X-ray dose and maximum allowable radiation leakage
levels for each X-ray unit. A completed copy of this form accompanies each X-ray.
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2. TUBE REPLACEMENT: The XR200 tube should last at least 100,000 pulses. Under
normal conditions the tube’s output will decrease slowly with use. If the tube is broken or
glass cracks the tube output will cease immediately. The following are tube replacement
instructions.
1. Remove the battery before unscrewing the collimator. WARNING! There is a potential
of electric shock if the battery is not removed before unscrewing the collimator.
3. Using needle nose pliers or your fingers grab the front of the tube and pull straight out.
XR200 Tube
4. Inspect the tube for any cracks, holes, or carbon build up.
5. Slide the new tube in the same way the old one was removed. When handling the tube
do not touch the glass part of the tube. Touch the metal part of the tube only. Oils
and dirt can deposit on the glass causing arcing and premature tube failure.
6. Screw the collimator back on the head.
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8.0 TROUBLESHOOTING
18
SCREWS
2. FUSE REPLACEMENT Requires T-10 Torx driver & needle nose pliers.
1. Remove the back plate by first removing the 5 screws in the back plate then pulling the
back plate off slowly maneuvering the battery terminal connecting wires through the
opening in the oscillator board.
2. The 20 amp fuse is the white one inch long fuse on the left side of the oscillator board.
The 3/4 amp fuse is a small green fuse just to the right of the 20 amp fuse. See diagram
on page 20. The 20 amp fuse can be removed with fingers. The 3/4 amp fuse may
require needle nose pliers to pull it out of the board. It should be pulled in a downward
direction to remove from the board.
3. REMOVING THE BOARDS Requires T10 torx driver, Philips head screw driver, flat
head screw driver, 3/32 Hex Key (Allen Wrench). Refer to the diagram on page 20 for steps
1-4.
1. Remove the five screws on the back plate. Remove the back plate slowly while
maneuvering connection with the battery wires through the opening in the oscillator
board. After the terminals are through the oscillator board, disconnect the red and black
battery wires from the back plate.
2. Disconnect the two blue wires, red wire, and green signal wire. (Philips head screws)
3. There are three socket head cap screws holding the oscillator board in place. Two are in
the middle of the board and one is at the bottom. Remove these three screws. Be aware
of the ½ inch stand offs behind the oscillator board.
4. Remove the flat head screw in the upper left side of the oscillator board.
5. Pull the board out.
6. Disconnect the oscillator board from the counter board by pulling the bottom of the
oscillator board up and away from the counter board. Disconnect the two pin white key
switch connector, white three pin remote connector, and black touch pad connector.
7. Unscrew the LED bulb cover on the X-ray on LED.
8. Tilt the back of the counter board down until the LED clears the housing then pull the
board out of the housing.
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STEP 1
3/4 AMP FUSE
STEP 4
20 AMP FUSE
POWER
TRANSISTORS
STEP 2
STEP 2
SIGNAL WIRE
X-RAY ON / FEEDBACK
SWITCH
20
8. Insert the flat head screw in upper left corner of the Oscillator board.
9. Attach the two blue wires, one red wire, and green signal line.
10. Reinstall the back plate.
9.6 INSTRUCTIONS FOR BATTERY DISPOSAL Follow all federal, state, and local laws for
disposal of nickel-cadmium batteries. Batteries may be returned to Golden Engineering for
disposal.
21
10.0 WARRANTY
Certification of Warranty
XR200 Serial Number
Battery Charger Serial Number
150P Processor Serial Number
Date Delivered
Unit Warranty
Golden Engineering, Inc. warrants the XR200 X-ray source made and sold by it or its
authorized representatives to be free of defects in materials and workmanship for a period of
twelve (12) months from the date of shipment to the end user. To make a claim under this
limited warranty, customer must ship the entire unit (or the component believed to be defective)
to Golden Engineering, post-paid. Golden Engineering, Inc. assumes no liability for units or
components shipped until they are actually in the custody of Golden Engineering, Inc. Provided
Golden Engineering, Inc. in its sole discretion, is satisfied that the defect is not the result of
abuse, misuse, accident, modification or improper disassembly or repair, Golden Engineering,
Inc. reserves the right to use reconditioned and remanufactured components that meet original
specifications. The unit or component will be return shipped to customer at customer's
expense. THIS EXPRESS LIMITED WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES
AND GUARANTEES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED OR CREATED BY OPERATION OF
LAW.
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1. SPECIFICATIONS
2. PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS INCLUDING BATTERY PACK:
4. X-RAY LEAKAGE
X-ray leakage ........................................ 10 mR per 100 pulses maximum on
the side of the unit, 3 inches from the center of the unit. 3 mR per 100
pulses 2 inches behind the unit.
23
SPARE PARTS AND ACCESSORIES FOR THE XR200
ITEM PART#
Spare Tube ...................................................................................................1090150
Thumbwheel Key...........................................................................................5951020
Flat key……………………………………………………………………………..5951040
Remote cable................................................................................................2006050
Tripod mount.................................................................................................2008010
Handle - left
side............................................................................................4004020
Small Pelican® carrying case (holds X-ray, two batteries, charger, cable....4001635
24