PHYSICAL EDUCATION 3

Lesson 1- BADMINTON- Basic Skills

PHYSICAL EDUCATION 3 and
Footwork
Lesson 1 – Badminton – Basic Skills and
Footwork
Basic Skills

Clear – A high shot or lob which falls close to the back line. Cross Court – Hitting the birdie diagonally over the
net. Doubles - A game played between two teams of two players. Drive – A hard stroke that just clears the net
and does not rise high enough to smash.

Smash - is one of the most commonly used shots in badminton. It's the shot that can see you take control of
the game in that particular point. It's a quick, powerful shot, hit from high up downwards and aimed at the
opponent's court.
Drop · It is a soft badminton shot performed from the Rear Court. · It travels down steeply and land at your
opponent's forecourt.

Net Shot - in badminton is a shot that is performed from the front of the court, near the net, to the front of the
court of your opponent.
Drive - is a shot played in the middle court that can be seen as an offensive shot. When performing a drive shot,
the shuttle will pass very close to the net and not raise too high.

Service - is the shot that starts a play or rally. When the server is serving even points (e.g. 2, 4, 6), he must stand
in the right-hand half of his service court; when the server is serving odd points, he must stand in the left-hand
half.
Two types of Hand Stroke

Forehand strokes - are hit with the front of the hand leading (like hitting with the palm),

Backhand strokes - are hit with the back of the hand leading (like hitting with the knuckles). Players frequently
play certain strokes on the forehand side with a backhand hitting action, and vice versa.
BASIC FOOTWORK

1.Stance - You should be ready with a somewhat wide stance: your feet a little more than shoulder-width apart. ...
Your right foot should be slightly ahead of your left foot — only about half a foot length ahead. This position is
effective for covering all four corners of the court.
2.Sideways Footwork
It is recommended that you practice moving sideways in parts like the racket side, to the non-racket side and then
as a continuous movement from one side to the other. Stand in line with the center line with slightly bent knees and
feet shoulder width apart.
3.V front - because the movement is moving upward diagonally with shuffling and a lunge then moving back in a
similar fashion to the starting point

4.V back - are the 2 back corners. Practice moving back then swinging overhead and returning to the center. Do
this for 2 minutes.
5) Front and Back/Forward Backward - To move from the front to the back, hop back once (adjustment
step) with your right foot still at the front. 2) Then turn 180 degrees to your right which will result in your right foot at
the back. 3) Side hop backwards towards the back of the court with your arms raised and ready to hit the shuttle.

FAULTS IN BADMINTON
Contact Fault
We all know that when a rally is in play this means that when a serve has been delivered, there are always two
things that you cannot touch during the rally.
Shuttlecock – You can hit the shuttlecock with the badminton racquet only. But you or any part of your body cannot
touch the shuttlecock also in the middle of a rally. Even if the shuttle touches your shirt, pants, leg, etc, it is still and
will be called as a contact foul.
Badminton Net – You and your badminton racquet cannot touch the net in the middle of the rally make sure you
take note of that.
Over the Net Fault
One of the most frequently asked question and this is the most confusing part, can you really get your badminton
racquet go over the net in the middle of a rally? The only answer is a big YES, it cannot go over the net on any
circumstances. The next part is important but you are not allowed to take the shuttlecock before it passes the net to
your side of the court.
1. Fault can be because it take the shuttle when it’s still on the opponent’s side. You can only strike the shuttlecock
when it has fly over to your side of the court.
2. Second one is that if you hit the shuttlecock then your badminton racquet crosses the net, you are also allowed
to follow through with the racquet after you hit the shuttlecock. Even if your racquet crosses over to your
opponent’s side it is fine.
To sum up this fault, you are not allowed to take the shuttlecock when it’s still on your opponent’s side. As long as
you obey this, your badminton racquet can go over the net.
Service Fault
Make sure that when you deliver a service, be always aware of the possible badminton fouls and try to avoid it. This
service faults often happen when you perform the low serve. It is even more commonly committed when you
perform the low serve and flick serve in a doubles game. The reason for this is that the players will try very hard to
make their serve pass right above the net.

It may sound simple but you bet that this isn’t an easy task for the short players. So first let’s look on the official rules
and also to avoid a service fault when serving;

1. The shuttlecock must be struck from below your waist (lowest rib bone)
2. Your badminton racquet head must be pointing at a downward direction when you hit the shuttle.
3. Your badminton racquet must swing in an upward direction.

.
If this is not easy for the players it is not easy also for the officials, because sometimes it is difficult to detect whether
a player obeyed the 3 conditions above. However you can always see and determine whether a service fault is
committed. If your serve is legal then there is no way that you can hit a low serve that looks like a drive. Unless your
waist line is as high as the top of the net.

Receiver Fault

This maybe the most straight forward fault in the game that we all love. When receiving a serve from your opponent,
you cannot move your feet away from where you’re standing. Otherwise, it is a receivers fault and this is pretty
common if you are not conscious about the things that you are doing in the game. You can only move after your
opponent has struck the shuttle.

This may be the most common fault but a lot of players also is not aware that there is a receiver’s fault.
 
Double Hit

When the shuttlecock comes to your side, you have only one attempt to hit the shuttlecock and that is the only way
to play the game, so make sure that you do your very best to try and return the shuttlecock by hitting it once.

Once your badminton racquet makes contact with the shuttlecock, you cannot hit it again until your opponent
returns the shot, in doubles, only one player in a partnership is allowed to hit the shuttlecock. If both players touch
the shuttle with their badminton racquet, it will be called a Double Hit fault.
DEFINITIONS
 Player: Any person playing Badminton.
 Match: The basic contest in Badminton between opposing sides each of one or two players.
 Singles: A match where there is one player on each of the opposing sides.
 Doubles: A match where there are two players on each of the opposing sides.
 .
 Serving side: The side having the right to serve.
 Receiving side: The side opposing the serving side.
 Rally: A sequence of one or more strokes starting with the service, until the shuttle ceases to be in play.
 Stroke: A movement of the player’s racket with an intention to hit the shuttle.
The Laws of Badminton
COURT AND COURT EQUIPMENT
1.1. The court shall be a rectangle marked out with lines 40 mm wide as shown in Diagram A.
1.2. The lines marking out the court shall be easily distinguishable and preferably be coloured white or yellow.
1.3. All the lines shall form part of the area which they define.
1.4. The posts shall be 1.55 metres in height from the surface of the court and shall remain vertical when the net is
strained as provided in Law 1.10.
1.5. The posts shall be placed on the doubles side lines as in Diagram A irrespective of whether singles or doubles
is being played. The posts or its supports shall not extend into the court beyond the side lines.
1.6. The net shall be made of fine cord of dark colour and even thickness with a mesh of not less than l5 mm and
not more than 20 mm.
1.7. The net shall be 760 mm in depth and at least 6.1 metres wide.
1.8. The top of the net shall be edged with a 75 mm white tape doubled over a cord or cable running through the
tape. This tape shall rest upon the cord or cable.
1.9. The cord or cable shall be stretched firmly, flush with the top of the posts.
1.10. The top of the net from the surface of the court shall be 1.524 metres at the centre of the court and 1.55
metres over the side lines for doubles.
1.11 There shall be no gaps between the ends of the net and the posts. If necessary, the full depth of the net at the
ends shall be tied to the posts.
1. SHUTTLE
2.1 The shuttle shall be made of natural and / or synthetic materials. From whatever material the shuttle is
made, the flight characteristics generally shall be similar to those produced by a natural feathered shuttle with
a cork base covered by a thin layer of leather.
2.2 Feathered Shuttle
2.2.1 The shuttle shall have 16 feathers fixed in the base.
2.2.2 The feathers shall have a uniform length between 62 mm to 70 mm when measured from the tip to the
top of the base.
2.2.3 The tips of the feathers shall lie on a circle with a diameter from 58 mm to 68 mm.
2.2.4 The feathers shall be fastened firmly with thread or other suitable material.
2.2.5 The base shall be 25 mm to 28 mm in diameter and rounded on the bottom.
 2.2.6 The shuttle shall weigh from 4.74 to 5.50 grams.
2.3 Non-Feathered Shuttle
2.3.1 The skirt, or simulation of feathers in synthetic materials, shall replace natural feathers.
2.3.2 The base shall be as described in Law 2.2.5.
2.3.3 Measurements and weight shall be as in Laws 2.2.2, 2.2.3 and 2.2.6. However, because of the
difference in the specific gravity and other properties of synthetic materials in comparison with feathers, a
variation of up to 10 per cent shall be acceptable.
2.4 Subject to there being no variation in the general design, speed and flight of the shuttle, modifications in the
above specifications may be made with the approval of the Member Association concerned, in places where
atmospheric conditions due to either altitude or climate make the standard shuttle unsuitable
1. TESTING A SHUTTLE FOR SPEED
3.1 To test a shuttle, a player shall use a full underhand stroke which makes contact with the shuttle over the
back boundary line. The shuttle shall be hit at an upward angle and in a direction parallel to the side lines.
3.2 A shuttle of correct speed will land not less than 530 mm and not more than 990 mm short of the other
back boundary line as in Diagram B.
RACKET
4.1 The racket shall be a frame not exceeding 680 mm in overall length and 230 mm in overall width consisting
of the main parts described in Laws 4.1.1 to 4.1.5 as illustrated in Diagram C.
4.1.1 The handle is the part of the racket intended to be gripped by a player.
4.1.2 The stringed area is the part of the racket with which it is intended that a player hits the shuttle.
4.1.3 The head bounds the stringed area.
 4.1.4 The shaft connects the handle to the head (subject to Law 4.1.5).
4.1.5 The throat (if present) connects the shaft to the head.
4.2 The stringed area:
4.2.1 shall be flat and consist of a pattern of crossed strings either alternately interlaced or bonded where they
cross; and
4.2.2 shall not exceed 280 mm in overall length and 220 mm in overall width. However, the strings may extend
into an area which otherwise would be the throat, provided that:
4.2.2.1 the width of the extended stringed area does not exceed 35 mm; and
4.2.2.2 the overall length of the stringed area does not then exceed 330 mm.
4.3 The racket:
4.3.1 shall be free of attached objects and protrusions, other than those used solely and specifically to limit or
prevent wear and tear, or vibration, or to distribute weight, or to secure the handle by cord to the player's
hand, and which are reasonable in size and placement for such purposes; and
4.3.2 shall be free of any device that makes it possible for a player to change materially the shape of the racket.
EQUIPMENT COMPLIANCE
The International Badminton Federation shall rule on any question of whether any racket, shuttle or equipment or
any prototype used in the playing of Badminton complies with the specifications. Such ruling may be undertaken
on the Federation's initiative or on application by any party with a bona fide interest, including any player,
technical official, equipment manufacturer or Member Association or member thereof.
1. TOSS
6.1 Before play commences, a toss shall be conducted and the side winning the toss shall exercise the choice
in either Law 6.1.1 or 6.1.2:
6.1.1 to serve or receive first;
6.1.2 to start play at one end of the court or the other.
6.2 The side losing the toss shall then exercise the remaining choice
1. SCORING SYSTEM
7.1 A match shall consist of the best of three games, unless otherwise arranged ( Part II, Section 1B  
Appendix 2 and 3).
7.2 A game shall be won by the side which first scores 21 points, except as provided in Law 7.4 and 7.5.
7.3 The side winning a rally shall add a point to its score. A side shall win a rally, if the opposing side
commits a "fault" or the shuttle ceases to be in play because it touches the surface of the court inside the
opponent's court.
7.4 If the score becomes 20-all, the side which gains a two point lead first, shall win that game.
7.5 If the score becomes 29-all, the side scoring the 30th point shall win that game.
7.6 The side winning a game shall serve first in the next game.
1. CHANGE OF ENDS
8.1 Players shall change ends:
8.1.1 at the end of the first game;
8.1.2 at the end of the second game, if there is to be a third game; and
8.1.3 in the third game when a side first scores 11 points.
8.2 If the ends are not changed as indicated in Law 8.1, it shall be done so as soon as the mistake is discovered
and when the shuttle is not in play. The existing score shall stand.
SERVICE

9.1 In a correct service:

9.1.1 neither side shall cause undue delay to the delivery of the service once the server and the receiver are
ready for the service;
9.1.2 on completion of the backward movement of the server's racket head, any delay in the start of the
service (Law 9.2), shall be considered to be an undue delay;
9.1.3 the server and the receiver shall stand within diagonally opposite service courts (Diagram A) without
touching the boundary lines of these service courts;
9.1.4 some part of both feet of the server and the receiver shall remain in contact with the surface of the
court in a stationary position from the start of the service (Law 9.2) until the service is delivered (Law 9.3);
9.1.5 the server's racket shall initially hit the base of the shuttle;
9.1.6 the whole shuttle shall be below 1.15 metres from the surface of the court at the instant of being hit by
the server’s racket;
9.1.7 the movement of the server's racket shall continue forwards from the start of the service (Law 9.2) until
the service is delivered (Law 9.3);
 9.1.8  the flight of the shuttle shall be upwards from the server's racket to pass over the net so that, if not
intercepted, it shall land in the receiver's service court (i.e. on or within the boundary lines); and
9.1.9 in attempting to serve, the server shall not miss the shuttle.
9.2 Once the players are ready for the service, the first forward movement of the server's racket head shall be
the start of the service.
9.3 Once started (Law 9.2), the service is delivered when the shuttle is hit by the server's racket or, in
attempting to serve, the server misses the shuttle.
9.4 The server shall not serve before the receiver is ready. However, the receiver shall be considered to have
been ready if a return of the service is attempted.
9.5 In doubles, during the delivery of service (Law 9.2, 9.3), the partners may take up any positions within their
respective courts, which do not unsight the opposing server or receiver.
1. SINGLES
10.1 Serving and receiving courts
10.1.1 The players shall serve from, and receive in, their respective right service courts when the server has
not scored or has scored an even number of points in that game.
10.1.2 The players shall serve from, and receive in, their respective left service courts when the server has
scored an odd number of points in that game.
10.2 Order of play and position on court.

In a rally, the shuttle may be hit by the server and the receiver alternately, from any position on that player's
side of the net, until the shuttle ceases to be in play (Law 15).
10.3 Scoring and serving
 10.3.1 If the server wins a rally (Law 7.3), the server shall score a point. The server shall then serve again
from the alternate service court.
10.3.2 If the receiver wins a rally (Law 7.3), the receiver shall score a point. The receiver shall then become
the new server.
1. DOUBLES
11.1 Serving and receiving courts
11.1.1 A player of the serving side shall serve from the right service court when the serving side has not
scored or has scored an even number of points in that game.
11.1.2 A player of the serving side shall serve from the left service court when the serving side has scored an
odd number of points in that game.
11.1.3 The player of the receiving side who served last shall stay in the same service court from where he
served last. The reverse pattern shall apply to the receiver's partner.
 11.1.4 The player of the receiving side standing in the diagonally opposite service court to the server
shall be the receiver.
11.1.5 The players shall not change their respective service courts until they win a point when their side
is serving.
11.1.6 Service in any turn of serving shall be delivered from the service court corresponding to the
serving side's score, except as provided in Law 12.
11.2 Order of play and position on court

After the service is returned, in a rally, the shuttle may be hit by either player of the serving side and
either player of the receiving side alternately, from any position on that player's side of the net, until the
shuttle ceases to be in play (Law 15).
 11.3 Scoring and serving
11.3.1 If the serving side wins a rally (Law 7.3), the serving side shall score a point. The server shall then
serve again from the alternate service court.
11.3.2 If the receiving side wins a rally (Law 7.3), the receiving side shall score a point. The receiving side
shall then become the new serving side.
11.4 Sequence of serving
     In any game, the right to serve shall pass consecutively:
11.4.1 from the initial server who started the game from the right service court
11.4.2 to the partner of the initial receiver.
11.4.3 to the partner of the initial server
11.4.4 to the initial receiver,
 11.4.5 to the initial server and so on.
11.5 No player shall serve or receive out of turn, or receive two consecutive services in the same game, except
as provided in Law 12.
11.6 Either player of the winning side may serve first in the next game, and either player of the losing side
may receive first in the next game.
1. SERVICE COURT ERRORS
12.1 A service court error has been made when a player:
12.1.1 has served or received out of turn; or
12.1.2 has served or received from the wrong service court;
12.2 If a service court error is discovered, the error shall be corrected and the existing score shall stand.
1. FAULTS 
It shall be a "fault":
13.1 if a service is not correct (Law 9.1);
13.2 if, in service, the shuttle:
13.2.1 is caught on the net and remains suspended on its top;
13.2.2 after passing over the net, is caught in the net; or
13.2.3 is hit by the receiver's partner;
13.3 if in play, the shuttle:
13.3.1 lands outside the boundaries of the court (i.e. not on or within the boundary lines);
13.3.2 fails to pass over the net;
13.3.3 touches the ceiling or side walls;
 13.3.4 touches the person or dress of a player;
13.3.5 touches any other object or person outside the court;

13.3.6 is caught and held on the racket and then slung during the execution of a stroke;
13.3.7 is hit twice in succession by the same player. However, a shuttle hitting the head and the stringed
area of the racket in one stroke shall not be a "fault";
13.3.8 is hit by a player and the player's partner successively; or
13.3.9 touches a player's racket and does not travel towards the opponent's court;
13.3.10 in wheelchair badminton if the shuttle is:
13.3.10.1 caught on the net and remains suspended on top; or;
13.3.10.2 after passing over the net is caught in the net.
 13.4 if, in play, a player:
13.4.1 touches the net or its supports with racket, person or dress;
13.4.2 invades an opponent's court over the net with racket or person except that the striker may follow the
shuttle over the net with the racket in the course of a stroke after the initial point of contact with the
shuttle is on the striker's side of the net;
13.4.3 invades an opponent's court under the net with racket or person such that an opponent is obstructed
or distracted; or
13.4.4 obstructs an opponent, i.e. prevents an opponent from making a legal stroke where the shuttle is
followed over the net;
13.4.5 deliberately distracts an opponent by any action such as shouting or making gestures;
13.5 if a player is guilty of flagrant, repeated or persistent offences under Law 16;
1. LETS
14.1 "Let" shall be called by the umpire, or by a player (if there is no umpire), to halt play.
14.2 It shall be a "let”, if:
14.2.1 the server serves before the receiver is ready (Law 9.4);
14.2.2 during service, the receiver and the server are both faulted;
14.2.3 after the service is returned, the shuttle is:
14.2.3.1 caught on the net and remains suspended on its top, or
14.2.3.1.1 except in wheelchair badminton when it is a fault.
or
14.2.3.2 after passing over the net is caught in the net;
14.2.3.2.1 except in wheelchair badminton when it is a fault.
 14.2.4 during play, the shuttle disintegrates and the base completely separates from the rest of the shuttle;
14.2.5 in the opinion of the umpire, play is disrupted or a player of the opposing side is distracted by a
coach;
14.2.6 a line judge is unsighted and the umpire is unable to make a decision; or
14.2.7 any unforeseen or accidental situation has occurred.
14.3 When a "let" occurs, play since the last service shall not count and the player who served last shall serve
again,.
1. SHUTTLE NOT IN PLAY 
A shuttle is not in play when:
15.1 it strikes the net or post and starts to fall towards the surface of the court on the striker's side of the net;
15.2 it hits the surface of the court; or
15.3 a "fault" or a "let" has occurred.