Introduction To Project Management

Introduction to Project Management
Attique Ahmad
attique63@gmail.com
What is a Project?
A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to
produce a unique product / service or result
(PMBoK)
Temporary Characteristics of Unique

Projects
Project must identify and learn from the
similarities between projects.
Temporary – Definitive beginning and end
Unique – New undertaking, unfamiliar ground
What is Project Management
Project Management is the application of skills,
knowledge, tools and techniques to meet the
needs and expectations of stakeholders for a
project.
The purpose of project management is
prediction and prevention, NOT recognition
and reaction
Project Success
Customer Requirements Completed within

satisfied/exceeded allocated time frame
Completed within Accepted by the customer

allocated budget
Project Failure
Poor Requirements
Scope Creep
Gathering
Unrealistic planning and Lack of resources

scheduling
Knowledge Areas
1. Integration Management
2. Scope Management
3. Schedule Management
4. Cost Management
5. Quality Management
6. Resource Management
7. Communications Management
8. Risk Management
9. Procurement Management
10. Stakeholders Management
Why Project Management?
 Reduce rework
 Improve communication
 More effectively prioritize work
 Improve the “bottom line”
 Great career choice
Who is Project Manager?
► The project manager is the person responsible for
accomplishing the project objectives.
► Managing a project includes:
 Identifying requirements
 Establishing clear and achievable objectives
 Balancing the competing demands for quality, scope,
time and cost
 Adapting the specifications, plans, and approach to the
different concerns and expectations of the various
stakeholders.
Project Manager
Project Manager not only leads and manages the
project but helps the team with attaining SMART
objectives for the project and the team.
S : Specific
M : Measurable
A : Attainable
R : Realistic
T : Time bound
PM’s Work
► Competing demands for scope, time, cost, risk and
quality
► Stakeholders with differing needs and expectations
► Identified and often progressive requirements
16
Triple Contraint
Increased Scope = increased time + increased cost
Tight Time = increased costs + reduced scope
Tight Budget = increased time + reduced scope.

Project Life Cycle
 Define the project
 Plan the project
 Implement the project
 Complete the project
Project Life Cycle
DEFINE PLAN IMPLEMENT COMPLETE
A
C
T
I
V
I
T
Y
TIME
Define the Project
 Understand the project – ask questions
 Identify all the project stakeholders
 Establish project objectives – must include methods
of measurement
 Define the scope of the project – be specific about
what is and isn’t included
 Identify the imperatives and the desirables – ask the
customer to rank the requirements
 Write the project charter – obtain project sponsor’s
approval
Who’s Important?
 The end user and/or the project sponsor will
determine the success or failure of the project.
 Ask the project sponsor, “Who is the end user?” The
end user may not be the project sponsor.
 Ask the end user and/or the project sponsor what
measures will be used to determine the success of the
project.
Project Charter
 Project Definition
Overview
Purpose
 Project Scope
Goals
Deliverables
 Project Assumptions and Constraints
Plan the Project
 Develop alternative project strategies – use
brainstorming
 Evaluate the alternatives and choose the “best” –
carefully document your rationale
 Prepare an approach report – obtain sponsor
approval
 Identify project risks and develop a contingency
plan
 Prepare the project plan and obtain sponsor
approval.
Project Plan
 Project Charter (Updated Scope)
 Project Sub-Plans
Approach
Schedule
Resources
Budget
Communication Plan
Benefits
Organization
Risk Assessment and Contingency Plan
 Appendix
Plan the Project
 The Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is the
most important project planning document – it
forms the project foundation.
 The WBS breaks down the project into specific
elements with estimated durations and
sequencing.
 The WBS is a management, tracking, and
communication tool used by the project manager
and project team to monitor project status.
Key Areas of Project Management
Scope Management
Issue Management
Cost Management
Quality Management
Communications Management
Risk Management
Change Control Management
Scope Management
 Primarily it is the definition and control of what IS and
IS NOT included in the project.
Issue Management
 Issues are restraints to accomplishing the deliverables of
the project.
 Typically identified throughout the project and logged
and tracked through resolution.
Issue… already impacting the cost, time or quality
Rope not thick

Cost Management
 This process is required to ensure the project is
completed within the approved budget and includes:
Resources Budget
people
equipment
materials
Quantities
Quality Management
 Quality Management is the process that insure the
project will meet the needs
“conformance to requirements” - Crosby
“fitness for use” - Juran
“the totality of characteristics of an

entity that bear on its ability to
satisfy stated and implied need’ - ISO 8402:1994
Communications Management
 This process is necessary to ensure timely and appropriate
generation, collection, dissemination, and storage of
project information
Risk Management
 Risk identification and mitigation strategy
 Risk update and tracking
Risk… POTENTIAL negative impact to project
Tree – location, accessibility, Weather

ownership
Change Control Management
Define how changes to the project scope
will be executed
Scope Change Technical Specification Changes
Schedule changes
All changes require collaboration and buy in via the project sponsor’s signature
prior to implementation of the changes
Project Life Cycle
Initiation Phase
 Define the need
 Return on Investment Analysis
 Make or Buy Decision
 Budget Development
Definition Phase
 Determine goals, scope and project constraints
 Identify members and their roles
 Define communication channels, methods, frequency
and content
 Risk management planning
Planning Phase
 Resource Planning
 Work Breakdown Structure
 Project Schedule Development
 Quality Assurance Plan
Work Breakdown Structure
 For defining and organizing
the total scope of a project
 First two levels - define a set
of planned outcomes that
collectively and exclusively
represent 100% of the project
scope.
 Subsequent levels -
represent 100% of the scope of
their parent node
Implementation Phase
 Execute project plan and accomplish project goals
 Training Plan
 System Build
 Quality Assurance
Deployment Phase
 User Training
 Production Review
 Start Using
Closing Phase
 Contractual Closeout
 Post Production Transition
 Lessons Learned
Project Management Tools
 PERT Chart- designed to
analyze and represent the
tasks involved in completing a
given project
 Gantt Chart - popular type

of bar chart that illustrates a
project schedule
Role of a Project Manager
• Project issues
• Disseminating project information • Implementing standard processes
• Mitigating project risk • Establishing leadership skills
• Quality • Setting expectations
• Managing scope • Team building
• Metrics • Communicator skills
• Managing the overall work plan
Process People
Responsibilities Responsibilities
Gantt Chart
PERT Chart
Scope Management
 Project Scope Management is the process to ensure that
the project is inclusive of all the work required, and only
the work required, for successful completion.
 Primarily it is the definition and control of what IS and
IS NOT included in the project.
Issue Management
 Issues are restraints to accomplishing the deliverables of
the project.
 Issues are typically identified throughout the project and
logged and tracked through resolution.
 In this section of the plan the following processes are
depicted:
 Where issues will be maintained and tracked
 The process for updating issues regularly
 The escalation process
 The vehicle by which team members can access documented
issues
Cost Management
 This process is required to ensure the project is
completed within the approved budget and includes:
 Resource Planning - The physical resources required
(people, equipment, materials) and what quantities are
necessary for the project
 Budget
 Budget estimates
 Baseline estimates
 Project Actuals
Quality Management
 Quality Management is the process that insure the
project will meet the needs via:
 Quality Planning, Quality Assurance, and Quality
Control
 ClearlyDefined Quality Performance Standards
 How those Quality and Performance Standards are
measured and satisfied
 How Testing and Quality Assurance Processes will ensure
standards are satisfied
 Continuous ongoing quality control
Communications Management
 This process is necessary to ensure timely and appropriate
generation, collection, dissemination, and storage of
project information using:
 Communications planning
 Information Distribution
 Performance Reporting
 Define the schedule for the Project Meetings (Team, OSC,

ESC), Status Meetings and Issues Meetings to be
implemented
Risk Management
 Risk identification and mitigation strategy
 When\if new risks arise
 Risk update and tracking
Change Control Management
Define how changes to the project scope
will be executed
 Formal change control is required for all of the following
1. Scope Change
2. Schedule changes
3. Technical Specification Changes
4. Training Changes
 All changes require collaboration and buy in via the
project sponsor’s signature prior to implementation of the
changes
Course
 Operations & Productivity
 Productivity Management
 Competitiveness AND Strategy
 Managing Quality
 Project Management

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What are the characteristics of a project?

What are the characteristics of a project?

What are the components of project management?

What are the components of project management?

Introduction to Project Management

Temporary Characteristics of Unique

Customer Requirements Completed within

Completed within Accepted by the customer

Unrealistic planning and Lack of resources

Tight Time = increased costs + reduced scope

Tight Budget = increased time + reduced scope.

Issue… already impacting the cost, time or quality

Rope not thick

“conformance to requirements” - Crosby

“fitness for use” - Juran

“the totality of characteristics of an

Risk… POTENTIAL negative impact to project

Tree – location, accessibility, Weather

 Gantt Chart - popular type

 Define the schedule for the Project Meetings (Team, OSC,

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