Role of craft and technology in

INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE

SUBMITTED TO :- ANMOL GUPTA SUBMITTED BY:- PALLAVI

CHOUDHARY
0901AR191024
3 YEAR , V SEM
rd
WEEK - 1 INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE CRAFT
AND
TECHNOLOGY - INTRODUCTION
 MODULE-1
INTERIOR ARCHITEURE
The term ‘interior architecture’ emerged in 1970s as the description of a discipline That
employs architectural theory, history and principles in the design and creation of interior space.
So, the important thing here is that they are talking about the application of architectural history
and
principles of design.
INTERIOR SPACES
So, interior spaces are as complicated as the building envelope or the façade or the architecture
itself.
Its growth was an part due to a perception that by employing the rigour of architectural thinking
tog
ether with the sensory understanding of interior design, a synthesis could be produced that was
both
intellectually and humanistically satisfying and which overcame the narrow specialisms of façade-
driv
en architecture
PLACE AND SPACE
Place is about a particular area, place is usually referred with a person while space is a universal
Thing.
DIFFERENT INTERIOR SPACES
Retail space: shops, hotels, commercial buildings
Work space: offices, workshops, studios
Living space: residential buildings, hostels.
Public space: hospitals, gyms
 MODULE -2

• CRAFT •
Craft could be associated to so many things with surround
us It is very multidisciplinary,
it could belong to the elite, it could belong to the popular
movements that have happened
in history, it also has some link with the interior architecture
Craft is about communication,
story telling, process, traditions, vernacular.

• ART •
Art is a diverse range of human activities and the products of
those activities.
Art has had a great number of different functions throughout its history,
making its purpose
difficult to abstract or quantify to any single concept.

• ‘Art’ and ‘craft’ are two contrasting kinds of aesthetic, work

organization and work ideology,
differing in their emphasis on the standards of utility, skill and beauty.
 MODULE-3

• Space Making Crafts may be defined as crafts, which are

• directly or indirectly related to Interior Architecture.
• Interior and architectural elements that make up the space are termed as
• Space Making Elements
• The contents of the module space making crafts and space making elements, examples the overview of the module and some references that will be
beneficial for all of us. Now, before understanding the interrelationship between craft and technology and interior architecture .

‘Space-Making’ Elements + ‘Space-Making’ Crafts

=
Interior-Architecture (materials+skills+tools+techniques+technology)
 MODULE -4

Craft, a Centre of Socially Driven Initiatives Movements in History of Arts & Crafts
• Arts & Crafts Movement
• De Stijl • Art Neauvou
• Impressionism
• Expressionism
• Constructivism ‘

Space-Making’ Elements+‘Space-Making’ Crafts = Interior-Architecture (materials + skills + tools + techniques + technology

SPACE MAKING ELEMENTS-

Interior and Architecture Elements that make the space are kno wn as‘Space Making Elements’Crafts related to
buildings that generate/define/enhance these space making elements are classified as ‘Space Making Crafts’.
Materials
oWood
oStone
oGlass
oMetal
oClay/Terracotta

Interior
oDoor
oWindow opartition
oFurniture

Ornamental
oSurface Finish
oColour
oArtifact/Object Architectural
oFloor
oWall
oColumn
oRoof
oStaircase
WEEK – 2 INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE craft and
technolody-documenting
• DOCUMENTING
• Documentation of skills and practices helps in sharing the knowledge and pass it on to future generations.
• Although in interior architecture everything is not in theoretical way and makes its difficult to document.
EXAMPLE -

Documentation of the word

Documentation of resid Documentation of aepan art
ornamentation in 300 years
ences in Uttarkashi.
old residence in Almirah.
• TRADITIONAL AND INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS

• Indigenous Knowledge can be broadly defined as the knowledge that an indigenous (local) com munity accumulates over generations of living in a particular
environment.
This definition encom passes all forms of knowledge – technologies, how skills, practices and beliefs – that enable the c ommunity to achieve stable livelihoods in their
environment.

Traditional knowledge systems

Examples -
• DOCUMENTATION OF RADHASOAMI SAMADH

Radhasoami Samadh, Soamibagh, Agra

More than 110 years into Construction,
The building is an exemplary illustration of celebrating materials, tools and
Techniques (exquisite construction details; stone carvings; inlays; filigree work;)
• TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES -

1] TERRACOTTA
2] GRID PATTERN
ON FLOOR
3] CLAY IDOL MAKING
4] AEPAN ART
5] HANDLOOM
WEEK -3 INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE CRAFT AND
TECHNOLOGY-INDUSTRIES
• CREATIVE INDUSTRIES
Earlier regarded purely or predominantly in non-economic terms.
The term “creative industries” is of relatively recent origin. cultural industries, such as the performing
arts and handicrafts, has the potential of gaining commercial value and help in the economic growth.

• The creative industries have been seen to become increasingly important to economic
well being, proponent suggesting that human creativity is the ultimate economic
resource

• It is creating employment Comparitively less government expenditureHelps in economy because of

huge turnovers
BUILDING CRAFTS -
Earlier It encompasses all the crafts that are associated with space making
• BUILDING CRAFTS ENHANCING INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE -

SURFACE INTEGRATED STRUCTURE CLAD SURFACE FINISH

STRUCTURE BASED
Crafts which are used for cladding Crafts which demonstrates
Crafts used in making elements of space Crafts which are inherint part of surface
to the surface of any element different type of finishes applied to a surface
• BUILDING CRAFTS ENHANCING INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE -

CASE STUDY OF UDAIPUR-

• Heritage Hotel Udai Vilas in Udaipur, recognizes ingenious craftspersons and values their
skills, knowledge, and material sensibilities that have contributed in creation of piquant
and quality spaces.
• It flaunts Mewari architectural elements, traditional like mirror inlay and mosaics, Déco-
style furniture and other period pieces, vivid accent colors in the interior spaces that
resonate with the textiles of
• Rajasthan, all impeccably crafted by several craftspersons who worked hand-in-hand with
interior-architects and designers.
WEEK -4 INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE CRAFT AND
TECHNOLOGY-INDUSTRIES
• CREATIVE INDUSTRIES –

Creative industries and cultural industries that is also small focus of our
subject, and the craft industry here is seen as an important source of jobs, entrepreneurship and sustainable employment; in cities, towns, villages as well as the remote
rural areas.
And then there is a contribution to wider economy not just art craft sector, but to a wider economy like tourism, food, design, cultural experiences.
So, it has been looked upon as an industry and how it can really contribute to the wider economy.
• GUJURAT CASE STUDIES-

JALIS STAIRCASE

COLOUMNS ARCHS

BRACKETS JHAROKHA
• RAJASTHAN CASE STUDIES -

ORNAMENTATION CLAY WORKS

STONE WORKS MIRROR WORK

• UTTRAKHAND CASE STUDIES -
WEEK-5 ROLE OF ARCHITECTURE CRAFT N
TECHNOLOGY-INDUSTRIES
 “ System of Making ” – Vastu Vidya

• Vastu Vidya is the traditional Indian Science of

Architecture and House Buildings.
• It is the ancient Indian knowledge of architecture,
and is as old as the Vedas that belong to the period of
1500-1000 BC.
• The inception of traditional Indian architectural theory is
evident in its first textual evidence in the Rig Veda, where
Vasospastic or the protector of the house is invoked. The
rituals associated with architecture are also described in the
later Vedas, Sutras, Puranas, Tantras, Vastu Shastra and its
compilations until the 15th century AD.
• The date of its inception as a specialized science dealing
with architecture is speculated to be much before the advent
of the 1st century AD; by then it had fully developed technically.
 MANASARA

• The Manasara is a treatise on vastu shastra - “the science or theory of

archite
cture”.Manasara outlines the theory of “making”, and according to the text,
en
compasses the threefold categories of buildings, conveyances and
bedsteads
(furniture).
• It is a voluminous text (approximately 10,000 verses in seventy chapters),
the
contents of which include principles of architectural composition and
systems
of proportionalmeasurement, technical instructions on the building
procedure
such as selection andexamination of site, orientation, collection of
materials a
nd so on, as well as prescriptionsfor rituals associated with construction.
 TERACOTTA

• A type of earthenware, is a clay-based unglazed or

glazed ceramic, where the fire
d body is porous.
• Terracotta is the term normally used for sculpture
made in earthenware, a also for
various practical uses including vessels
(notably flower pots), water and waste wa
ter pipes, roofing tiles, bricks,
and surface embellishment in
building construction.
• The term is also used to refer to
the natural brownish orange
color of most terracotta.
Various Stones in India can be classified as:

• Building and Veneer Stones

Laterite, Granites, Sandstones and Limestones
• Sculpture and Object Carving Stones
• Hard Stone and Soft Stone
Granites, Sandstones, Limestones, Marble and Slate
Uses of Stone Today
• Products
• Kitchen Products
• Table-Top Products
• Ritual Products
• Personal Accessories,
Furniture and Fixtures
• Architectural
• Folk
• Formal
• Temple Elements
• Sculpture
• Traditional
• Contemporary
WEEK-6 ROLE OF ARCHITECTURE CRAFT AND

TECHNOLOGY-INDUSTRIES
• The sector may be best defined as pertaining to items
made either totally or partially by hand, significant for their
utility and/or decorative
value.
• Taking a holistic view, the operational domain of craft includes
statutory bodies (ministries, state departments, boards and
autonomous institutions) pertaining to Handicrafts and Handlooms
as its core, while drawing upon programmes.
• Rural Development, Skills Development, MSME, Tourism,
Culture, Commerce, Labour and Industry. It also includes NGOs,
social enterprises, and market organizations and has vertical and
horizontal linkages with
international markets, development and funding agencies,
displaying a vibrant and dynamic sector responding to multiple
trends and processes through a variety of media.
• The current government is emphasizing on creative industries and labor
intensive jobs.
• The findings of the Craft Economics and Impact Study (CEIS) done by the Crafts
Council
of India in April 2011, emphasize on the importance of crafts to achieve social
and
political stability, the major role of women suggesting a level of almost 50% and
higher
in key craft processes, strong hereditary patterns as well as new mobility,
considerable
dynamism in adapting to change, and changing patterns of remuneration (despite
the
dominance of piece-rate payment), entrepreneurship and skill within craft
communities.
• The study also suggests that a National Art-Craft Perspective Plan should
emerge to
decisively improve the economic, technical and social infrastructure available to
artisans to revive the crafts, and speed their access to entrepreneurship and
markets.
In the approach paper to the Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012-17) on faster,
sustainable and more inclusive growth, it is mentioned that the following
sectors are considered as priority sectors for creating large employment in
India:
•Textiles and Garments
•Leather and Footwear
•Gems and Jewellery
•Food Processing Industries
•Handlooms and Handicrafts
There are several other policies and schemes like ‘hunar se rozgaar’
that emphasize on importance of arts and crafts as way of life as well
as industries, and need for innovations to bring social change. Most
encouraging is the fact that there does seem to be a consensus
emerging in favour of the direction of current government policies
WEEK-7 ROLE OF ARCHITECTURE CRAFT
AND
TECHNOLOGY-INDUSTRIES
Framework for Cultural Statistics Domains -
• Research and Documentation Perspective-
• MODEL OF RESEARCH-
• TECHNICAL DRAWINGS-
• WORKSHOPS -
WEEK-8 ROLE OF ARCHITECTURE CRAFT AND
TECHNOLOGY-INDUSTRIES
• Craft-Design Process-

Collaborative innovation between designer and craftsperson is a means of

expanding the craft vocabulary and tapping contemporary markets. It is also
argued that a link between the apparently conflicting tenets of sustainability
can be achieved through responsible and strategic design innovation which
integrates the social, economic, ecological and cultural aspects. ( Rebecca
Reubens 2010
• Process (and product) based intervention:-
The blend of Aepan design with appliqué is providing an imaginative and fresh
collection to the people who want to adopt their tradition with minute
modernization. Adapting and improving the designs refers to modify it such
that it will be easier to produce, easier to use, or easier to fix, or easier to
maintain so on. With the changing world of fashion the field of textile demands
for unique, different and fresh designs which give us the opportunity to use the
adapted traditional motifs.
New explorations combining traditional craft processes in commercial space making (interior architecture) applications are also gaining attention.
Craft, design, and interior architecture have been included in the list of
UNESCO’s ‘creative and cultural industries (Florida, 2002; Howkins, 2001;
UNESCO 2009), are generating employment and contributing to the world
economy (United Nations, 2004 ).
THANKYOU