Comparison of Gen.

Santiago
Alvarez and Teodoro Agoncillo
By:

NORLAN CAPAO
 Categories Primary Source Of Memoirs Of Gen. Alvarez Revolt Of The Masses By
Teodoro Agoncillo
Author’s Santiago Virata Alvarez, born on July 25, Teodoro Andal
background
1872 at Noveleta, Cavite, known as Agoncillo was born in
revolutionary general and a founder and 1912 at Lemery,
honorary president of the first directorate batangas. He was a
of the NACIONALISTA PARTY. prominent 20th Century
BECAUSE OF HIS INFLAMED historian. Beside from
BRAVERY AND HIS DEDICATION AS being a historian, he was
COMMANDER OF Cavite’s famous also a literary writer. He
battles, he was dubbed as “Kidlat ng was considered as very
Apoy”. He was celebrated as the hero of important historian of
the Battle of Dalahican in Cavite City, up our time.
to this day.
 Categories Primary Source Of Memoirs Of Gen. Revolt Of The Masses By Teodoro
Alvarez Agoncillo
Objective of To write the book for the He wanted to add what
the author youth and to show the happened before and after the
different story about the Tejeros Convention in order to
revolution, that would hook the present onto the past.
possibly used as a historical
account in the future.
Date written or He started his memoir on It was published in 1947
published March 14, 1896 but was first
published in 1920
ego Primary Source Of Revolt Of The Masses By Teodoro Agoncillo
es Memoirs Of Gen.
Alvarez
ion • March 25, 1897 the • Mid December 1896 Andres Bonifacio and his family
tes
Tejeros left the mountains of Montalban and Marikina to visit
Convention was the Katipunan.
held • January 2, 1897 Andres Bonifacio wrote a letter to
• March 27, 1897 Mariano Alvarez after his encounter with the Magdalo
eyewitnesses • Mid-January 1897 Gunshots had interrupted the fiesta
reported that a San Francisco de Malabon which led to a conflict
meeting among the between Alvarez and Mariano San Gabriel.
members of the • March 22, 1897 Aguinaldo celebrated his birthday with
Magdalo took a battle with Spanish soldiers in Salitran.
place at the Tanza
parish house.
r Primary Source Of Revolt Of The Masses By Teodoro Agoncillo
Memoirs Of Gen. Alvarez
• Tejeros where the • Talisay (Batangas) declared under the Magdalo
assembly was government.
conveyed. • Nasugbo, Tuwi, and Look (Batangas) under the Magdiw
• Parish house Government.
(Tanza) the • San Francisco de Malabon the location where capital wa
rumoured place of moved.
meeting the • Noveleta where the capital of Magdiwang was moved.
Magdalo Leaders. • Kawit Magdalo,scapital before it fell.
• San Francisco de • House of Juan Cataňeda in Imus where Bonifacio was
Malabon the brought by the rebel leaders.
location where • Estate house of Tejeros Magdiwang Territory.
capital was moved. • Montalban and Marikina mountains where the Supremo
stayed in.
• House of Santos Nocon where Agoncillo stayed until the
Spaniards captured the town
Categories Primary Source Of Memoirs Revolt Of The Masses By Teodoro
Of Gen. Alvarez Agoncillo
Key • Andres Bonifacio • Mariano Alvarez
personalities
• Jacinto Lumbreras • Andres Bonifacio
• Emilio Aguinaldo • Jacinto Lumreras
• Artemio Ricarte • Emilio Aguinaldo
• Severino delas Alas • Artemio Ricarte
• Mariano Tris • Severino delas Alas
• Antonio Montenegro • Mariano Tris
• Gen. Apoy • Antonio Montenegro
• Baldomero Aguinaldo • Gen. Apoy
• Jose del Rosario • Baldomero Aguinaldo
• Daniel Tirona • Jose del Rosario
• Daniel Tirona
Categories Primary Source Of Memoirs Revolt Of The Masses By Teodoro
Of Gen. Alvarez Agoncillo
Sequencing 1. The assembly at Tejeros 1. The Katipunan called for the
events
was convened on March 25, reorganization of their territories
1897 and was presided by under each Katipunan faction.
Sec. Jacinto Lumbreras However the Magdiwang and the
Magdalo had been silently
fighting over Cavite with both
parties riot wanting to be ruled
over by the other.
Categories Primary Source Of Memoirs Of Revolt Of The Masses By
Gen. Alvarez Teodoro Agoncillo
Sequencing 2. The declaration of the Agenda, 2. Supremo Andres Bonifacio was
events which is to discuss how to secure the invited to visit the Katipunan in
areas under the Magdiwang control, Cavite. After 3 invitations,
was made and was immediately Bonifacio finally decided to come.
countered by Severino de las Alas,
who imposed that the important
matter that should be tackled is the
form of the government the
Katipunan should have.
 Categories Primary Source Of Revolt Of The Masses By Teodoro Agoncillo
Memoirs Of Gen.
Alvarez
Sequencing 3. There was a 3. Bonifacio arrived at Imus and was welcomed by
events debate whether to many from the Magdalo faction. Seeing Vicente
change the form of Fernandez angered Bonifacio and ordered his
government the immediate arrest. The Magdalo, however, did not
Katipunan had allow the arrest of Fernandez. Realizing he has no
established or not. influence over the people of Magdalo, Bonifacio
sent a letter to Mariano Alvarez, explaining to him
what happened at this encounter.
ategories Primary Source Of Revolt Of The Masses By Teodoro Agoncillo
Memoirs Of Gen. Alvarez

encing 4. A conflict between Gen. 4. The Magdiwang invited Bonifacio to come to

s Apoy and Antonio Noveleta. He was heartily welcomed by the people with
Montenegro disrupted the a parade as he entered the cities.
formality of the convention.

5. Conflict was immediately 5. The Katipunan lost to Polavieja because of the existin
resolved and the rivalry between the two factions which called for a
chairmanship of the meeting convention in Imus. This assembly, however, yielded no
was transferred to Supremo results as there were no results as there were no
Andres Bonifacio. agreements made as to what kind of government they
must be organized in the country and if there really is a
need for a new election.
ategories Primary Source Of Memoirs Of Revolt Of The Masses By Teodoro Agoncillo
Gen. Alvarez

encing 6. Bonifacio proceeded with the 6. The Magdiwang called for another
s election of officials, stressing that the convention in Tejeros which happened on March
person who gets most of the votes 22, 1897. Jacinto Lumbreras took the
must be declared and respected as the chairmanship of the meeting and opened the
winner, regardless of his state in life. discussion about creating defence strategies to
protect Cavite

7. A conflict between Andres 7. Severino de las Alas pointed out that it is

Bonifacio and Daniel Tirona was important for the Katipunan to agree on what
formed after Bonifacio won the type of government must be implemented first
position for the secretary of the before proceeding with the other agenda.
interior. Tirona went against the
initial agreement regarding the
majority votes which humiliated
Bonifacio
Categories Primary Source Of Memoirs Of Revolt Of The Masses By Teodoro
Gen. Alvarez Agoncillo
Sequencing 8. Bonifacio declared the results of the 8. There was a debate whether to
events meeting null and void, which ended the change the form of government
first day of the Tejeros Convention. the Katipunan has establishes or
not. Sensing that the situation
was getting more out of hand
without a fruitful result,
Lumbreras called for the
meeting’s recess
9. Baldomero Aguinaldo convinced 9. The Assembly resumed after an
members of the Magdiwang to hour with Lumbreras transferring
reconvened the disrupted meeting for the chairmanship of the meeting
the purpose of the revalidate the to Andres Bonifacio.
proceedings of the election and make
amends with one another.
egories Primary Source Of Memoirs Of Gen. Revolt Of The Masses By Teodoro Agoncillo
Alvarez
cing events 10. None of the members of the
Magdalo came to the meeting the
following day. They organized a
meeting of their own where the officials
elected during the Tejeros Convention
solemnly took their office without those
elected from the Magdiwang.

nces Alvarez version focused on how the Included the small details including the emotion
the two election went on the events that took that every personality had exhibited.
place in the Tejeros.
The complete list of the attendees were added.

More detailed and more information was added

prove or debunk claims by historians.
 Categories Primary Source Of Memoirs Of Gen. Revolt Of The Masses By Teodoro
Alvarez Agoncillo
Probable Primary sources provided raw As a secondary source version, had
reasons information and first-hand evidence. the primary source to guide the
Alvarez had nothing to rely on in writer on what more he could add
writing based entirely on what he and what he can learn more about.
observed as an attendant of the said
convention.
Thematic The president supremo of the KKK assumed the Upon arrival of Bonifacio and his
motivation of chairmanship of the assembly and he presided. company, the tensed were being raised as
authors why He began elaborating that the attendees should their concerns contradict. 2:00Pm of
the Tejeros respect whatever the results would be. When it March 22, 1897 at Tejeros, the meeting was
meeting failed? comes to election proper, he spoke again and the formally opened . Mr Jacinto Lumbreras
nominee who would get the largest number of took as the presiding officer by being the
votes despite his station of life and their president of the Supreme Council of
educational attainment, would still be the winner Katipunan.
of a respective position.
Categories Primary Source Of Memoirs Of Revolt Of The Masses By
Gen. Alvarez Teodoro Agoncillo
Thematic Although he wasn’t able to get the He said that the winner of any
motivation of presidency since Aguinaldo go to the position in the election will be
authors why
the Tejeros
place. The supremo was being elected proclaimed despite of his status.
meeting as the secretary of interior but Daniel As the election was happening, he
failed? Tirona says that the position should be was elected as the Director of the
given to the educated lawyer Jose del Interior. Mr. Daniel Tirona added
Rosario because of this, Bonifacio took that the position should be given to
offense in this and pulled out his the one who is a lawyer and he as
firearm and took aim to Mr. Tirona. pointing to Jose del Rosario.
The latter then slid away and got lost Bonifacio felt insulted and he
in the crowd. Bonifacio then declared turned crimson with anger..
null and void all matters approved in
the meeting.
Categories Primary Source Of Revolt Of The Masses By Teodoro Agoncillo
Memoirs Of Gen.
Alvarez
Thematic Appointing him to such position should be
motivation of respected by everyone because they agreed in the
authors why
the Tejeros condition. He insisted that Tirona give satisfaction
meeting for his defamatory words and Tirona tried to lose
failed? himself in the crowd. In such anger, Bonifacio
whipped out his pistol to for Tirona but Ricarte
grabbed his hand. Bonifacio said that he annul all
has been approved and resolved as the chairman of
the assembly and the president of the supreme
council of the Katipunan then left the hall followed
by his men.