Two Port Networks
Two Port Networks
Two Port Networks
I1 I2
+ +
Input Output
V1
_ Port The Network Port
V2
_
The network ?
* notes
Two Port Networks
Network Equations:
Impedance
V1 = z11I1 + z12I2 V2 = b11V1 - b12I1
Z parameters
V2 = z21I1 + z22I2 I2 = b21V1 – b22I1
* notes
Two Port Networks
Z parameters:
V
z 2 z21 is a transfer impedance. It is the ratio of the
21 I I 0
1 2 voltage at port 2 to the current at port 1 when
port 2 is open.
V
z 2 z22 is the impedance seen looking into port 2
22 I I 0
2 1 when port 1 is open.
* notes
Two Port Networks
Y parameters:
I
y 2 y21 is a transfer impedance. It is the ratio of the
21 V V 0
1 2 current at port 2 to the voltage at port 1 when
port 2 is shorted.
I
y 2 y22 is the admittance seen looking into port 2
22 V V 0
2 1 when port 1 is shorted.
* notes
Two Port Networks
Z parameters: Example 1
I1 I2
8 10
+ +
V1 20 20 V2
_ _
I1 I2
8 10
For z12:
+ +
V1 20 20 V2
V
z 1 _ _
12 I I 0
2 1
20 xI 2 x 20 Therefore: 8 xI 2
V1 8 xI 2 z 12 8 = z 21
20 30 I2
Two Port Networks
Z parameters: Example 1 (cont 2)
V1 z11 z 12 I 1
V z
z 22 I 2
2 21
V1 20 8 I 1
V I
2 8 12 2
Two Port Networks
Z parameters: Example 2 (problem 18.7 Alexander & Sadiku)
I1 I2
1 4
+ +
+ 2
1 Vx
V1 V2
- 2 Vx
_
_
Two Port Networks
Z parameters: Example 2 (continue p2)
I1 I2
V 1 4
z 1
11 I I 0 + +
1 2 + 2
1 Vx
V1 V2
-
V V 2V x 6V x V x 2V x 2 Vx
I1 x x _
_
1 6 6
3V x
I1 ; but V x V1 I 1 Other Answers
2
Z21 = -0.667
Substituting gives;
V1 A B V2
I C D I
1 2
V1 V1
A B
V2 I2 = 0 I2 V2 = 0
I1 I1
C D
V2 I2 = 0 I2 V2 = 0
Two Port Networks
Transmission parameters (A,B,C,D):
Example Given the network below with assumed voltage polarities and
Current directions compatible with the A,B,C,D parameters.
I1 -I 2
+ +
R1
V1 R2 V2
_
_
V2 = R2I1 + R2I2
It is not always possible to write 2 equations in terms of the V’s and I’s
Of the parameter set.
Two Port Networks
Transmission parameters (A,B,C,D):
Example (cont.)
V1 = (R1 + R2)I1 + R2I2
V2 = R2I1 + R2I2
V1 R1 R2 V1
A = B = R1
V2 I2 = 0 R2 I2 V2 = 0
I1 1
I1
C = D = 1
V2 I2 = 0 R2 I2 V2 = 0
Later we will see how to interconnect two of these networks together for a final answer
* notes
Two Port Networks
Hybrid Parameters: The equations for the hybrid parameters are:
V1 V1
h11 h12
I1 V2 = 0 V2 I1 = 0
I2 I2
h21 h22
I1 V2 = 0 V2 I1 = 0
* notes
Two Port Networks
Hybrid Parameters: The following is a popular model used to represent
a particular variety of transistors.
I1 K1 I2
+ + +
V1 K 2V 2 K4 V2
_ K 3V 1
_ _
V1 AI 1 BV 2
V2
I 2 CI 1
D
* notes
Two Port Networks
Hybrid Parameters: V1 AI 1 BV 2
V2
I 2 CI 1
D
V1 V1
h11 = K1
h12 = K2
I1 V2 = 0 V2 I1 = 0
I2
h21 = K3 I2 1
I1 h22 = K
4
V2 = 0 V2 I1 = 0
Two Port Networks
Hybrid Parameters: Another example with hybrid parameters.
V1 V1
h11 h12
I1 = R1 V2
= 1
V2=0 I1=0
I2 I2 1
h21 = -1 h22 =
I1 V2 R2
V2=0 I1=0
Two Port Networks
Modifying the two port network:
Earlier we found the z parameters of the following network.
I1 I2
8 10
+ +
V1 20 20 V2
_ _
V1 20 8 I 1
V 8 12 I
2 2
* notes
Two Port Networks
Modifying the two port network:
We modify the network as shown be adding elements outside the two ports
6 I1 I2
8 10
+ + +
10 v V1 20 20 V2 4
_
_ _
We now have:
V1 = 10 - 6I1
V2 = - 4I2
Two Port Networks
Modifying the two port network:
We take a look at the original equations and the equations describing
the new port conditions.
V1 20 8 I 1 V1 = 10 - 6I1
V 8 12 I
2 2 V2 = - 4I2
So we have,
* notes
Two Port Networks
Modifying the two port network:
Rearranging the equations gives,
1
I 1 26 8 10
I 8 0
2 16
I1 0.4545
I -0.2273
2
Two Port Networks
Y Parameters and Beyond:
I1 1
I2
+ +
1 s
V1 V2
s
_ _
1
2
V1 I 1 ( s ) I 2 so
I
y 1 = s + 0.5
1
21 s 2 s 1 11 V
1 V 0
2
Two Port Networks
Y Parameter Example
I1 I2
1
I
y 2 + +
21 V V 0
1 2 1 s
V1
s V2
_ _
1
We see
V1 2I 2 I
y 2 = 0.5 S
21 V
1
Two Port Networks
Y Parameter Example
I1 I2
1
We have
V2 2I1
2s 1
V2 I 2 y22 0.5
( s 2) s
I
y 1 = 0.5 S
12 V 2
Two Port Networks
Y Parameter Example
Summary:
Now suppose you want the Z parameters for the same network.
Two Port Networks
Going From Y to Z Parameters
I Y V V Z I
1
From above; V Y I Z I
Therefore
y y
22 12
where
z z
Y
1
11 12 Y Y det Y
Z Y
z z
y y
21 22 21 11
Y Y
Two Port Parameter Conversions:
Two Port Parameter Conversions:
H
z11
h22
Interconnection Of Two Port Networks
ya Y parameters
* Parallel
yb
y ya yb
Z parameters
z za zb
za
* Series
zb
ABCD parameters
I1 I2
R1 R1
V2
Find + +
V1
V1 R2 R2 V2
T1 T2
_ _
R1 R2 R R
R1 1 2 R1 V
V1 R R2
I 2 2
1 1 1 I2
1 1
R2 R2
Interconnection Of Two Port Networks
R1 R2 R R
R1 1 2 R1 V
V1 R R2
I 2 2
1 1 1 I
1 1 2
R2 R2
Multiply out the first row:
R R 2 R R R
V1 1 2 1 V 1 2 R R ( I )
R R 2 R 1 1
2
2 2 2
End of Lesson
Two-Port Networks