AGRIPINA ELEMENTARY

SCHOOL

Program
OBJECTIVES

1. Re-orient the teachers on the importance of GPP .

2. Create a GPP Organizational Structure in order to come up a sustainable
Gulayan sa Paaralan.
3. Learn the basic factors to consider in establishing a vegetable garden.
4. Create some organic fertilizer and pesticide to come up a productive
vegetable garden.

5. Collaborate with the committees to plan and establish a worthwhile and

sustainable garden.
 
 MEMORANDUM ON
GPP ORGANIZATIONAL
STRUCTURE
 GPP ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
GPP PROGRAM CHAIRMAN

RAY HARVEY L. DOMINICE

PROGRAM COORDINATOR
JORALD D. TUVILLA
ASSISTANT PROGRAM COORDINATOR
GRACE A. TUVILLA
COMMITTEE ON LINKAGES AND PARTNERSHIP
CRESANTO L. MULLET SAIDEN T. RETIZA MERRY GRACE NATIVIDAD
MT-1 Teacher I Teacher I
 COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS
MARVI S. GUDIN LORNA P. CAŇADA LOTA TUGADI
MT 1 Teacher II Teacher II

COMMITTEE ON PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

EDISA BALANDRA HANNAH KRISTINE C. BAUYA ELLEN L. LAUDE SHELTHEL JEAN JAKOSALEM
Teacher II Teacher III Teacher II Teacher II

COMMITTEE ON LAND PREPARATION

ALYN A.SERENUELA DEXTER JAN C. LANTACO JOANNE JASMIN C. BERALLO

Teacher III MT-I Teacher II
COMMITTEE ON PLANTING
ERMALYN T. CINCHEZ SHEENA LIZ DELINO CHERRY S. BEDUYA MAY N.GEALON
Teacher II Teacher II Teacher I Teacher I
 COMMITTEE ON HARVEST AND AUDIT

EME T. HORNEJAS MICHELLE FE SURIAGA RIZA P. SERVANO

Teacher II Teacher II Teacher I

HONEY MAY A. MORALEZ SHARON MAE S. CAMOMOT

Teacher II Teacher III
GRADE LEVEL REPRESENTATIVE

KRIZZNA MARIE M.ITAO ELLEN L. LAUDE

RETCHIE F. PASCUA JUVY O. LERON
CATHERINE S. ANTANAO LEA T. REMOROZA
LORNA P. CAŇADA
 REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
REGION XI
DIVISION OF DAVAO DEL SUR
SANTA CRUZ SOUTH DISTRICT
AGRIPINA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
AQUAPONICS
 Why vermicompost?
Vermicompost is the product of earthworm digestion and
Vermicomposting aerobic decomposition using the activities of micro- and
macroorganisms at room temperature. Vermicomposting,
or worm composting, produces a rich organic soil
amendment containing a diversity of plant nutrients and
beneficial microorganisms.
There are several benefits for vermicomposting but the two
most popular are (1) diverting organic residuals from the
landfill and reducing trash collection fees and (2) creating
resources from waste materials.
Vermicompost can be mixed with potting media at a rate of
10% by volume or else added directly into your soil; both
options will provide plants with valuable organic matter,
nutrients, and a diversity of beneficial microbes.
REQUEST
LETTER
Dear Maam/Sir

The AGRIPINA Elementary School, Division of Davao del Sur will intensify the implementation of the Gulayan sa Paaralan. The Gulayan sa Paaralan will help to
alleviate hunger and support the school-based feeding program of identified wasted and severely wasted students. It also aims to end hunger as one of the goals
of the Ambisyon Natin 2040 sa buong komunidad.

In this light, we would like to ask your good office for assistance for the successful implementation of the program. We believe that your support, cooperation,
and our collaboration will create a great mark not only in the students, parents, and teacher but also in the community as whole.

The following are needed for the preparation of the school:

1.Manpower – this will help us to prepare the land intended for the GPP. This will also be on a schedule basis.
2.Gardening Tools and materials – this will help us to create more garden areas in all school spaces. 
3.Cash - this will help us provide payment for the hiring of labor, for the procurement of seeds and among other things relative to the preparation of the
Gulayan sa Paaralan

We are looking forward to our partnership and let us be triumphant in our goals for our community. Your approval of this request and support will really
intensify the implementation of the program.

Should you have any inquiries, your staff may get in touch with (your name), (position) in (mobile number and email). Thank you in advance and may the Lord
God shower your remarkable brilliant leadership with more heights of successes and happiness.

Very truly yours,

JORALD D. TUVILLA
GPP SCHOOL CORDINATOR

Noted:

RAY HARVEY L. DOMINICE

Elem. Sch. Principal II
ACTIVITY GAME

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 GULAYAN SA PAARALAN

Legal Basis
 ON

2021-2022
Masagana 99”
– A program that enhances food production .In the 70s, “Green
Revolution” becomes the First Lady Imelda Marcos’ project IN AGRI
industry .
Green Revolution is a program designed to increase food production
particularly rice and wheat to cope with the demands of an increasing
population (Salita, 2002). This program supports the offering of the
Cooperative Work Curriculum in the public schools during martial law,
under Dept. Order No. 6, series of 1973, requiring high school students in
urban areas to undergo on the job training in factories, shops and offices,
and in rural areas to undertake farm works .
Ministry of Education and Culture (MEC) Order No. 6, series of
1982, introduces the offering of HELE in Grades IV to VI, with 40
minute time allocation
Presidential Decree No. 1153 and Executive Order
no. 53, series 2011 known as the National
Greening Program (NGP), Section 3, deputizes
students that DepEd and CHED , including all
government employees to participate in the NGP,
by planting at least 10 seedlings in places
identified by the Department of Environment and
Natural Resources (DENR).
DECS Order No. 11, series of 1989,
Introduces the Technology and Home Economics (THE) from first year to fourth
year with 80 minutes time allotment, longer than the rest of the subjects. From
NESC and NSEC’s demise to the rise of Basic Education Curriculum (BEC) and
Revitalized Basic Education Curriculum (RBEC), gardening is recognized as one
of the very important components in the
“Makabayan” (nationalistic) Curriculum, in the early 2000, is known as
“Edukasyong Pantahan at Pangkabuhayan” (EPP) – a Filipino translation for
Home Economics and Livelihood Education (HELE), which in the advent of the K
to 12 in 2012, recognizes EPP as one of its independent subjects in basic
education, which finally dissolves the Makabayan curriculum. From the BEC to
the K to 12, EPP for elementary and Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE)
for the high school are offered to everybody without gender distinction.
 
Agri-Pinoy is based on sustainable farming
systems
• Sustainability includes preparing the
successor generation Promote appreciation
of agriculture especially among young people
e.g. Gulayan sa Paaralan in partnership with
DepEd, learning lessons in EPP/TLE
FILLED GARDEN

CONTAINER
VERTICAL GARDEN
CONTAINER GARDENNING
 CONCOCTION
A concoction is something that has been made
out of several things mixed together.
CRESANTO E. MULLET
MASTER TEACHER I
 Why do plants grow better in a greenhouse?
A greenhouse is practically possible for a lot of yards. Many
prefer these indoor settings because of their controlled
environment.
Plants grow better in greenhouses because it can regulate the
temperature and humidity that is needed by the plants to
grow at its peak. Other than that, the benefits of the greenhouse
are greater than the sum of their components. Aside from
enhancing the potential growth of the plants, it can also improve
your gardening hobby in so many ways.
•Drip irrigation systems provide
effective and precise water
distribution. This system drips water
slowly and steadily, so you can be
sure that water will get deep into the
root area.
•Drip systems give room for easy
customization. They are a versatile
option that allows you to customize
your watering system to suit your
garden soil, shape, and size. You can
install and configure pressure-
compensating emitters to focus on
certain parts of your garden.
AEROPONICS
Aeroponic systems are a specialized
version of hydroponics where the roots
of the plant extend only in air and the roots
are directly sprayed with a nutrient water
mix (the recipe). In aeroponics, oxygen is
surrounding the roots at all times. Surplus
oxygen accelerates nutrient absorption at
the root surface.
HYDROPONICS
• Hydroponic System is a system of growing crops without
soil, often called soilless farming. In the hydroponic
system, the plant roots grow in a liquid nutrient solution
or inside the moist inert materials like Rockwool and
Vermiculite. The liquid nutrient solution is a mixture of
essential plant nutrients in the water.

• The plant roots are suspended either in the static liquid

solution or in a continuously flowing nutrient mixture. The
hydroponic growing system requires continuous attention
to the crops, unlike the traditional farming system.
Advantages of a Hydroponic System
•Higher productivity than the traditional farming
system, the plant nutrients are effectively used, and
there is no wastage.
•The hydroponic system is a controlled climate
system in which the crops can grow year-round.
•Water utilization is low when compared to the
traditional farming method, up to 80-90 percent
lower.
•The crops are grown in a closed space, which
eliminates the attack of pests and insects.
AQUAPONICS
  is a food production system that couples 
Aquaponics
aquaculture (raising aquatic animals such as fish, crayfish,
snails or prawns in tanks) with hydroponics (cultivating plants
in water) whereby the nutrient-rich aquaculture water is fed to
hydroponically-grown plants, where nitrifying bacteria convert
ammonia into nitrates. 
As existing hydroponic and aquaculture farming techniques
form the basis of all aquaponic systems, the size, complexity,
and types of foods grown in an aquaponic system can vary as
much as any system found in either distinct farming discipline.
[3]
FACTORS TO CONSIDER
IN ESTABLISHING AN
ORGANIC FARM

MARVI S. GUDIN
MT-I
Soil preparation for vegetable growing involves many of the usual
operations required for other crops. Good drainage is especially
important for early vegetables because wet soil retards development.
Sands are valuable in growing early vegetables because they are more
readily drained than the heavier soils. Soil drainage accomplished by
means of ditches or tiles is more desirable than the drainage obtained
by planting crops on ridges because the former not only removes the
excess water but also allows air to enter the soil. Air is essential to the
growth of crop plants and to certain beneficial soil organisms making
nutrients available to the plants.
Soil management
 involves the exercise of human judgment in the application of
available knowledge of crop production, soil conservation, and
economics. Management should be directed toward producing
the desired crops with a minimum of labor. Control of soil 
erosion, maintenance of soil organic matter, the adoption of crop
rotation, and clean culture are considered important soil-
management practices.
Soil erosion, caused by water and wind, is a problem in many
vegetable-growing regions because the topsoil is usually the
richest in fertility and organic matter. Soil erosion by water can
be controlled by various methods.
 
Terracing 
divides the land into separate drainage areas, with each area having
its own waterway above the terrace. The terrace holds the water on
the land, allowing it to soak into the soil and reducing or
preventing gullying.
In the contouring system, crops are planted in rows at the same
level across the field. Cultivation proceeds along the rows rather
than up and down the hill. Strip cropping consists of growing crops
in narrow strips across a slope, usually on the contour. Soil erosion
by wind can be controlled by the use of windbreaks of various
kinds, by keeping the soil well supplied with humus, and by
growing cover crops to hold the soil when the land is not occupied
by other crops.
Propagation
Propagation of crop plants, involving the formation and development of new
individuals in the establishment of new plantings, is usually accomplished by
the use of either seeds or the vegetative parts of plants. The first type, known as
sexual propagation, is used for asparagus, bean, broccoli, cabbage, carrot, 
cauliflower, celery, cucumber, eggplant, leek, lettuce, lima bean, okra, onion,
muskmelon, parsley, pea, pepper, pumpkin, radish, spinach, sweet corn (maize),
squash, tomato, turnip, and watermelon. The second type, asexual propagation,
is used for the artichoke, garlic, girasole, potato, rhubarb, and sweet potato.
The dry seeds of all vegetables, when packed under vacuum in hermetically
sealed cans, should remain viable for a longer period than seeds stored under
less protective conditions.
Planting
Most vegetable crops are planted in the field where they are to grow to
maturity. A few kinds are commonly started in a seedbed, established in
the greenhouse or in the open, and transplanted as seedlings.
Some vegetables can be either directly seeded in the field or grown from
transplants. These include broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, celery,
eggplant, lettuce, onion, pepper, and tomato. The time and method of
planting seeds and plants of a particular vegetable influence the success
or failure of the crop. Important factors include the depth of planting, the
rate of planting, and the spacing both between rows and between plants
within a row.
Factors to be considered in determining the time of
planting include soil and weather conditions, kind of
crop, and desired harvest time. When more than one
planting of a crop is made, the second and later
plantings should be timed to provide a continuous
harvest for the period desired.
The soil temperature required for germination of the
planted seed varies markedly with the various kinds of
vegetables. Vegetables that will not germinate at a
temperature below 60° F (16° C) include the bean,
cucumber, eggplant, lima bean, muskmelon, okra,
pepper, pumpkin, squash, and watermelon. If the two
are grown on two separate plots of the same area and
4.4 ounces of seeds of each cultivar are planted, the
result would be three times as many of the Sugar Baby
plants as the Blackstone type.
 Seed size and plant-growth pattern of a vegetable are
major factors that govern the number of plants raised in a
given area.
The trend in the early 1980s was to increase plant
population for many crops to achieve the greatest yield
possible without impairing quality.
As plant population increases per unit area, a point is
reached at which each plant begins to compete for certain
essential growth factors—e.g., nutrients, moisture, and
light.
Edisa Balandra
Teacher II
Cultivation
Cultivation refers to stirring the soil between rows of vegetable plants.
Because weed control is the most important function of cultivation,
this work should be performed at the most favourable time for weed
killing, when the weeds are breaking through the soil surface. When
the plants are grown on ridges, it is necessary to cover the basal plant
portion with soil in the case of such vegetables as asparagus, carrot, 
garlic, leek, onion, potato, sweet corn, and sweet potato.
Irrigation
Vegetable production requires irrigation in arid and semi-arid
regions, and irrigation is frequently used as insurance against
drought in more humid regions. In areas having intermittent rain for
five or six months, with little or none during the remainder of the
year, irrigation is essential throughout the dry season and may also
be needed between rainfalls in the rainy season. The two types of
land irrigation generally suited to vegetables are surface irrigation
 and sprinkler irrigation. A level site is required for surface irrigation,
in which the water is conveyed directly over the field in open ditches
at a slow, nonerosive velocity. Where water is scarce, pipelines may
be used, eliminating losses caused by seepage and evaporation.
Weed control
Weeds (plants growing where they are not wanted) reduce crop yield, increase
production cost, and may harbour insects and diseases that attack crop plants.
Methods employed to control weeds include hand weeding, mechanical cultivation,
application of chemicals acting as herbicides, and a combination of mechanical and
chemical means. Herbicides, selective chemical weed killers, are absorbed by the
plant and induce a toxic reaction. The amount and type of herbicide that can be
safely used to protect vegetable crops depends on the tolerance of the specific crops
to the chemical. Most herbicides are applied as a spray, and the appropriate time for
application is determined by the composition of the herbicide and the kind of
vegetable crop to be treated. Preplanting treatments are applied before the crop is
planted; preemergence treatments are applied after the crop is planted but before its
seedlings emerge from the soil; and postemergence treatments are applied to the
growing crop at a definite stage of growth.
Fertilizer application
Soil fertility is the capacity of the soil to supply the nutrients necessary for good
crop production, and fertilizing is the addition of nutrients to the soil. Chemical
fertilizers may be used to supply the needed nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
Chemical tests of soil, plant, or both are used to determine fertilizer needs, and the
rate of application is usually based on the fertility of the soil, the cropping system
employed, the kind of vegetable to be grown, and the financial return that might
be expected from the crop. Methods of fertilizer application include scattering and
mixing with the soil before planting; application with a drill below the surface of
the soil at the time of planting; row application before or at planting time; and row
application during plant growth, also called side-dressing. Plowed down broadcast
fertilizers have recently been used in combination with high analysis liquid
fertilizers applied at planting or as a side-dressed band. Mechanical planting
devices may employ fertilizer attachments to plant the fertilizer in the form of
bands near the seed. For most vegetables, the bands are placed from two to three
inches (five to 7.5 centimetres) from the seed, either at the same depth or slightly
below the seed.
Disease and insect control

The production of satisfactory crops requires rigorous disease- and insect-

control measures. Crop yield may be lowered by disease or insect attack,
and when plants are attacked at an early stage of growth the entire crop
may be lost. Reduction in the quality of vegetable crops may also be
caused by diseases and insects. Grades and standards for market
vegetables usually specify strict limits on the amount of disease and insect
injury that may be present on vegetables in a designated grade. Vegetables
remain vulnerable to insect and disease damage after harvesting, during
the marketing and handling processes. When a particular plant pest is
identified, the grower can select and apply appropriate control measures.
Application of insect control at the times specific insects usually appear or
when the first insects are noticed is usually most effective. Effective
disease control usually requires preventive procedures.
Diseases are incited by such living organisms as bacteria, fungi,
and viruses. Harmful material enters the plant, develops during
an incubation period, and finally causes infection, the reaction
of the plant to the pathogen, or disease-producing organism.
Control is possible during the inoculation and incubation
phases, but when the plant reaches the infection stage it is
already damaged. Typical plant diseases include mildew, leaf
spots, rust, and wilt. Chemical fungicides may be used to control
disease, but the use of disease-resistant plant varieties is the
most effective means of control.
Vegetable breeders have developed plant varieties resistant to
one or more diseases; such varieties are available for the bean,
cabbage, cucumber, lettuce, muskmelon, onion, pea, pepper,
potato, spinach, tomato, and watermelon.
PRODUCING

LORNA P. CAŇADA
TEACHER III
 Basically, farmers who are interested in
converting their farm to organic agriculture need
to know:

How to improve soil fertility?

How to keep crops healthy?
How to best increase diversity in the farm?
How to give value to organic products and how
to successfully sell them?
Successful organic farming requires considerable knowledge on the
functioning and the possibilities of management of natural processes.
Interest in learning about the possibilities to support natural processes to
sustain and improve harvests is essential for successful organic farming.

Some farmers may be good at making compost, some at growing green

manures, and some at making plant or manure tea.
Learning from experienced farmers allows to get first-hand experience under
local conditions, and thus to learn about the advantages and potential
challenges related to implementing organic methods
Mulching –
Covering the soil with dead plant material is an easy way to control weeds and
protect the soil in annual crops.
This practice can be implemented into most existing cropping systems.

Intercropping -
Growing two annual crops together, commonly a leguminous crop like
beans or a green manure crop in alternating rows with maize or another
cereal crop or vegetable is a common practice in organic farming to
diversify production and maximize benefits from the land. In
intercropping, special attention must be paid to avoid competition
between the crops for light, nutrients and water. This requires
knowledge on arrangements, which promote growth of at least one of
the crops
Composting –
Application of compost to the fields can have a major impact on crop
growth and yields. To start compost production, farmers will need enough
plant materials and animal manures, if such are available.
In case such materials are scarce, farmers would first have to start
producing plant 22 materials on the farm by sowing fast growing
leguminous plants that build a lot of biomass, and by introducing some
livestock on the farm for manure production, if this proves appropriate.
To get familiar with the process of making compost, farmers should be
instructed by an experienced person. Proper compost production requires
some knowledge and experience and additional labor, but is low in
investments.
Green manuring - The practice of growing a
leguminous plant species for biomass production and
incorporation into the soil may be new to most farmers.
Nevertheless, this practice can greatly contribute to
improvement of soil fertility.
Green manures can be grown as improved fallows, as
seasonal green manures in rotation with other crops, or
in strips between crops.
Proper green manuring first requires information on
appropriate species.
Animal manure is considered an agricultural commodity that
can be utilized as a fertilizer source for pastureland, cropland
and hay production. Manure is recognized as an excellent source
of the plant nutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and
potassium (K). In addition, manure returns organic matter and
other nutrients such as calcium, magnesium and sulfur to the
soil, building soil fertility and quality.
Any financial valuation of manure would be dependent on the
market value of the N, P, K, and other plant nutrients that the
manure is replacing, organic matter as a soil amendment, and the
nutrient needs of the crops and fields receiving the litter.
Vermicomposting
is the process by which worms are used to convert organic materials
(usually wastes) into a humus-like material known as vermicompost.
The goal is to process the material as quickly and efficiently as possible.
These two processes are similar but different. If your goal is to produce
vermicompost, you want to have your maximum worm population
density all of the time. If your goal is to produce worms, you want to
keep the population density low enough that reproductive rates are
optimized. Both of these processes will be described in some detail in
this manual.
Organic pest management – Careful associations and management of
plants and animals in order to prevent pest and disease outbreaks.
Initially, bio-control agents may be applied but organic pest management
is best achieved through ecological approaches that establish a
pest/predator balance. While the choice of resistant varieties of crops is
paramount, other prevention methods include: choosing sowing times
that prevent pest outbreaks; improving soil health to resist soil
pathogens; rotating crops; encouraging natural biological agents for
control of disease, insects and weeds; using physical barriers for
protection from insects, birds and animals; modifying habitat to
encourage pollinators and natural enemies; and trapping pests in
pheromone attractants.
Vermiculture is the culture of earthworms.
The goal is to continually increase the
number of worms in order to obtain a
sustainable harvest. The worms are either
used to expand a vermicomposting
operation or sold to customers who use
them for the same or other purposes.
ELLEN L. LAUDE
TEACHER II
Monocropping
This is where the field is used to grow only one
crop season after season. This has several
disadvantages: it is difficult to maintain cover on
the soil; it encourages pests, diseases and weeds;
and it can reduce the soil fertility and damage the
soil structure. So avoid monocropping if you can. It
is much better to rotate crops, or use intercropping
or strip cropping.
Sequential cropping
This involves growing two crops in the same field,
one after the other in the same year. In some
places, the rainy season is long enough to grow two
crops: either two main crops, or one main crop
followed by a cover crop. Growing two crops may
also be possible if there are two rainy seasons, or if
there is enough moisture left in the soil to grow a
second crop. If the crops are different, this is a crop
rotation.
Intercropping
This means growing a two or more crops in the same field at the
same time. It is possible to do this in different ways:
•Broadcasting the seeds of both crops, or dibbling the seeds without
any row arrangement. This is called mixed intercropping. It is easy
to do but makes weeding, fertilization and harvesting difficult.
Individual plants may compete with each other because they are too
close together.
•Planting the main crop in rows and then broadcasting the seeds of
the intercrop (such as a cover crop).
•Planting both the main crop and the intercrop in rows. This is
called row intercropping. The rows make weeding and harvesting
easier than with mixed intercropping.
Crop rotation 
This means changing the type of crops grown in the field each season
or each year (or changing from crops to fallow). Crop rotation is a key
principle of conservation agriculture because it improves the soil
structure and fertility, and because it helps control weeds, pests and
diseases.
Crop rotation is one of the oldest and most effective cultural control
strategies. It means the planned order of specific crops planted on the
same field. It also means that the succeeding crop belongs to a
different family than the previous one. The planned rotation may vary
from 2 or 3 year or longer period.
Some insect pests and disease-causing organisms
are hosts' specific. For example, rice stem borer
feeds mostly on rice. If you don't rotate rice with
other crops belonging to a different family, the
problem continues as food is always available to
the pest. However, if you plant legume as the next
crop, then corn, then beans, then bulbs, the insect
pest will likely die due to absence of food.
ADVANTAGE OF CROP ROTATION

VILMA F. GEMENTIZA
TEACHER III
Advantages of Crop Rotation

1. Prevents soil depletion

2. Maintains soil fertility
3. Reduces soil erosion
4. Controls insect/mite pests. Crop rotation as a means to
control to insect pests is most effective when the pests are
present before the crop is planted have no wide range of host
crops; attack only annual/biennial crops; and do not have the
ability to fly from one field to another.
5. Reduces reliance on synthetic
chemicals
6. Reduces the pests' build-up
7. Prevents diseases
8. Helps control weeds
10 STEPS TO FOLLOW IN A SUCCESSFUL
VEGETABLE GARDEN

Alyn Serenuela
Teacher III
Appropriate seeds and planting material –

Use of healthy seeds and planting materials, and

robust and/or improved cultivars can make a big
change in crop production. This practice may require
some information on selection of seeds and planting
materials including availability of improved varieties
and seed treatments. Generally, locally-adapted seeds
are preferred because of their resilience to local
conditions.
1. Choose the right location
Choose a location for the garden that has plenty of sun,
ample space and close proximity to your hose or water
source. Find a level area to help prevent erosion.

2. Select your veggies

Decide what produce to include based on your climate,
space, tastes and level of expertise. Newcomers may want
to consider some of the easier crops to grow, like carrots,
beans, cucumbers, peppers and lettuce.
3. Prepare the soil
Mix compost and natural fertilizers into your garden to condition
the soil for your plants. Garden-supply stores can test the acidity
of your soil and recommend supplements, or you can simply
purchase specially made soil in bulk.

4. Check planting dates

Growing conditions and ripening cycles are different depending
on the plant and the season, so you should not sow all the seeds
at the same time. Planting dates can be found on seed packets.
Review the ideal conditions for each veggie you want to plant
before creating a gardening schedule.
5. Plant the seeds
Place your seeds or plants into the soil, following the depth and spacing
directions carefully.

6. Add water
Gently spray the garden with water to keep the soil evenly moist throughout the
growing season. Purchase a spray nozzle for your hose so you can create a
gentle rain-like mist for your garden.

7. Keep the weeds out

Mulching is the most effective way to prevent weeds. Add a 2- to 4-inch-thick
layer of organic mulch to your garden to keep the weeds from overtaking your
crops. If weeds do appear in the garden, grab them low on their stems and yank
sharply, making sure to extract the entire root.
8. Give your plants room to grow

9. Fertilize as needed
Lightly till the soil by hand and add fertilizer to keep it
rich. You can purchase prepared garden fertilizer or
make your own from items like Epsom salt, eggshells,
fish tank water and kitchen compost.

10. Reap what you sow

Harvest vegetables when they’re young and tender.
 THROUGH
CONCOCTION

VICENTE JALALON
PROVINCIAL FOCAL
PERSON ON ORGANIC
AGRICULTURE
Fermented fruit juice (FFJ) 
Before beginning, Belen advised the use of an apron and a
face mask. Aside from observing proper hygiene, this also
prevents other microorganisms from entering the concoction
as it ferments. 
In making FFJ, Belen said that any available fruits or vegetables
can be used in the mix. During his demo, he went with papaya,
banana, and pumpkin. He then cut portions of these into one
inch bits. 
Once the ingredients are cut, get a clean plastic container
and transfer the portions inside one by one. Afterwards,
slowly add molasses into the container as it will serve as
microorganism’s food. The ratio for molasses to solids is 1:1. 
Should molasses be unattainable, brown or muscovado
sugar can be used as an alternative. Simply mix 750 grams of
sugar into a liter of clean water. 
“Make sure that the molasses coats all the ingredients and
that it will not spill onto the lip of the container as this could
attract pests that could contaminate the mix,” Belen said. 
After the ingredients are combined, put a net on top of the
mixture and place rocks to press it down. Then, take two layers
of Manila paper to cover the lid. Secure in place with a rubber
band. 
“The paper mustn’t have any holes to prevent flies and other
pests. Excess paper should also be trimmed off so it won’t serve
as a bridge for rats,”  
Label the container with the necessary information. It
should include the name of preparation, in this case FPJ,
date of production, and date of harvest. Fermentation
takes seven days so just count the number of days from
when it was made. 
Fermented plant juice (FPJ)
The process for making FPJ is the same as when making
FFJ.
The period of fermentation also takes seven days. The
only difference in making FPJ is the ingredients and the
ratio of molasses. 
During his demonstration, Belen used kangkong, madre
de cacao or kakawate, and a young banana trunk. He
again cut these up into smaller portions. 
“The ingredients are not limited to ones I’m using.
Anything available in your environment can be used,” he
said.
Fish Amino Acids (FAA)
Although the process of making FAA is also similar to that of
FFJ and FPJ, the fermentation takes twice as long since it
requires 14 days before the ingredients break down and
create the organic extracts needed. 
Using any available fish products, repeat the process
indicated above. 
Once the concoctions have reached their maturity dates,
harvest the liquids and transfer into bottles and store in
cool, shaded areas. During the first seven days after
harvesting, loosen the bottle’s cap or lids just a little bit to
release pressure since the microorganisms are still
developing. The bottle cap can be tightened another week
Oriental Herbal Nutrient (OHN)
is used in natural, also known as organic, farming to restrain the
growth of anaerobic bacteria, which usually thrives without the
presence of oxygen, that can cause diseases in plants. OHN is
used not only to prevent these pathogenic bacteria from
harming crops, but also to promote aerobic microorganisms that
benefit the soil and  plants by improving their resilience to
various environmental stresses like wind, heat, drought, and so
on.
OHN is a mixture of edible, aromatic herb extracts. Herbs with prebiotic
components such as ginger root (Zingiber officinale), turmeric root (Curcuma
longa), garlic cloves (Allium sativum), licorice root (Glycurrhiza uralensis), and
cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) are usually used. The prebiotic
elements found in these herbs encourage the growth and activity of
beneficial microorganisms like bacteria and fungi that can help enrich the
soil.
Materials:
1 kilogram garlic cloves
1 kilogram ginger
200 grams Muscovado (or 1 liter of molasses)
2.2 liters of pure coconut vinegar
200 grams of chilli
100 grams of Panyawan, a.k.a Makabuhay (Tinospora
rumphii)
Procedure:
1.Skin the garlic and ginger (or any combination of herbs of your
choice) and cut garlic cloves in half and slice ginger into quarter of an
inch.
2.Mix the sliced herbs with 1 liter of molasses.
3.Cover the mixture tightly and seal the container with masking tape.
4.Label the mixture with the name and the date of fermentation, then
leave it for 3-5 days.
5.After the first stage of fermentation, open the cover then add 2.2
liters of pure coconut vinegar.
6.Cover the mixture again and seal it with masking tape, leave it for 10
days
7.after 10 days, extract the liquid to another
container. Label it ‘first extraction.’ This is the only
time you can use the mixture as feed for animals.
8.After the first extraction, add 200 grams of chilli
and 100 grams of panyawan, leave it for 10 days.
10.After 10 days, proceed to the second extraction.
Repeat the procedure in number 8 for the third
extraction
Dosage: 
Mix 2 tablespoons of OHN with 1 liter of clean water. In severe
cases, double the dosage if needed.

For plants, use the second and third extraction. Prepare the same
dosage and spray it on the plant parts affected by insects. Do this 1
to 3 times a week. Stop the application when there are no more
insects or pests.
For animals, use the first extraction only. Mix the prebiotic with
drinking water using the  dosage indicated above. Do this 2 to 4
times a week.
Video presentation
 GARDEN AREA

GRADE 4,5 KINDER

GRADE 1

6,floating
LSB
VINES
KINDER BUILDING

Grade2,3
EXPECTED OUTPUT