Gleaning Information Using Text Structure

Gleaning Information Using Text
Structure
MELC: Use knowledge of text structure to glean the
information he/ she needs (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Iac-4)
Objectives: 1. Identify types of text structure.

2. Use knowledge of text structure to
glean information.
Gleaning Information Using Text
Structure
Let’s Explore and Discover
Unlocking of Difficulties
Pattern of Development is also referred to as text structure.
It explains how information or ideas in a written text are
organized and developed.

Gleaning Information Using Text Structure
Whether you are aware or not, you are using patterns of development in
your day-to-day activities. When you show someone how to make an
omelet, change a tire, or set up an instant messaging account, you are using
pattern of development called "process analysis"; when you describe what
your sister looks like when she gets up in the morning you are using
"description"; when you offer several reasons why you are late for an
appointment, you are using cause and effect; and when you tell a story of
your first date, you are using narration.
In this lesson, you will learn about patterns of development in writing and how to
glean information read using text structure with the help of graphic organizers.
When readers identify and recognize the text structure of a text, this can
significantly improve their comprehension and retention of information.
Understanding the text structure can help readers:
 Organize information and details they are learning in their minds while reading.
 Make connections between the details being presented in a text.
 Summarize the important details shared in a text.
Before learning the text structure, they should have a working

knowledge of the following:
1) that texts and authors have specific purposes,
2) that a text or section of text has a main idea that the author wants
the reader to understand, and
3) that topics or events can be related in different ways.
Types of Pattern of Development and Its Description
1. Narration - It tells a story relating an incident or a series of events that leads to a conclusion
or ending.
It answers the question: What is the story about?
Signal words/Transition words: after, next, then, eventually, soon, meanwhile, a short time,
later, during, at the same time, simultaneously, suddenly, instantly
Example:
I took the multicab, one morning. Suddenly, a vision of the past reminisced on my mind when I
passed the famous Mabel’s Ukay-Ukaystore in the corner of the highway. While holding my
hands, his eyes were off somewhere next to the opposite road. Uneasy, I looked at him. I was
right. A lady was there waiting for him. Just then, I heard the words of goodbyes.
2. Description - It gives information on what a person, an object, a place, or a situation is like. It
appeals to the reader’s senses.
It answers the question: What are all the parts of the idea?
Signal words/Transition words: In particular, like, portray, sensory words (i.e., sight, touch,
feeling, taste, smell), some characteristics, spatial words (e.g., at, above, below, besides, under,
over)
Example:
When Edgar’s feet landed on the crystal white sand of Sabang, he couldn’t wait for the splashing
waves to embrace him. Even more, mesmerized with the amazing rock formation of Subterranean
River National Park. Beside him was a beautiful lady in the red top, smiling widely as she received
a warm greeting of Happy Birthday from him.
3. Definition - It explains what something is in comparison to other members of its
class, along with any limitations.
It answers the question: How does the term define?
Signal words/Transition words: is defined as, refers to, means, to define, as defined
Example:
Millennial, also called the millennial generation, or Generation Y, is the phrase used
to generally describe a person who reached adulthood in the early 21st century and
covers the generation of people born between 1980 and 2000.
4. Exemplification/Classification - It provides typical cases or examples of
something.
It answers the question: What examples emphasize the topic?
Signal words/Transition words: for example, a sample of this, particularly, for
instance, as an illustration, as an example, a typical example, such as
Example:
Social media applications, such as Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and Tiktok, are
the means of entertainment of most Filipinos in this time of the pandemic.
5. Compare and Contrast - It tells how something is like other things or how something is different from other things.
It answers the questions: How are things alike? How are they different?
Signal words/Transition words:
To compare: also, as well as, both, in the same way, also, just as, like, similarly
To contrast: although, besides, but, compared with, conversely, differ, even though, furthermore, however, in contrast to,
nevertheless, on the other hand, otherwise
Example:
Puerto Princesa City tagged as City in A Forest is known for its advocacy in conserving Mother Nature. Every year, the
city celebrates both Balayong and Tandikan Festivals. The former is a celebration of the city’s founding day held every 4 th
of March highlighting Balayong Tree, a typical tree found around the city. Conversely, the Tandikan Festival is a month-
long celebration every September that highlights the royal grand and colourful feathers of the peacock, the symbol of the
city. Each celebration gathers both local and foreign tourists.
6. Cause-Effect - It details why something happens, what causes it, what are the effects and
how it is related to something else.
It answers the questions: Why did something happen? What is the impact?
Showing Cause: because, since, is due to, is caused by, for the simple reason that
Showing Effect: as a result, consequently, therefore, for this reason, effect, impact
Example:
Most of the teenagers nowadays are spending lots of hours using their gadgets playing or
scrolling the different applications. Due to this, they skip meals and experience sleep
deprivation.
7. Problem-Solution - It poses a problem in general which needs a solution to eliminate or
remove troubles or difficulties.
It answers the questions: What is the issue?? How can it be solved?
Showing Problem: dilemma, factor, issue, problem, puzzle, question, reason, situation
Showing Solution: answer, possibility, proposition, solution, remedy, resolution
Example: One of the root causes of the growing garbage problem in Puerto Princesa City is the
single-use-plastics. As a remedy, the City Ordinance No. 993 or “Single-Use-Plastic and
Styrofoam Regulation of 2019” is implemented that prohibits the use of plastics in business
establishments.
8. Persuasion - It describes an issue in which the position or opinion of the writer on the subject convinces the
audience.
It answers the question: How do the ideas convince the readers?
Introductory phrases: In my opinion, I believe, It is my belief that, There is no doubt that, from my point of view, It
seems to me that, I (dis) agree with
Concluding phrases: For the reasons above, As you can see, In other words, On the whole, In short, Without a
doubt, Obviously
Example: There is no doubt that the Department of Education is facing a challenge to push teaching and learning
process in the outbreak of Corona Virus. To stay healthy yet learning never stops even amidst the pandemic is the
central goal. In depth study of the implementation of the delivery learning modalities is being done to secure the
progress of the performance of the learners. Certainly, a need of mountain-like sacrifices is required in fighting this
heath crisis that is still striking the whole world.
9. Chronological - information in the passage is organized in order of time.
Chrono = Time Logic = Order
Stories are told chronologically or in order of time.
Signal words/Transition words: first, second, third, now, before, after, then, next,
finally, following, while, meanwhile, last, during, not long, when, on date
Example: Dr. Higinio Acosta Mendoza was born on 1898. Before he served as the
Governor of Palawan from 1931 to 1938, he is a medical doctor by profession. He
earned his higher studies in Manila and in the United States of America, where he
studied medicine. On January 24, 1944 Dr. Higinio was executed in Canigaran, Puerto
Princesa upon orders of Japanese officials.
10. Sequence - This method of organizing text is generally used for instructions or
directions, but it can also be used to explain processes in nature or society. Information is
listed step-by-step. Describes the order of how to do or make something.
It answers the questions: What sequence of events is being described? What are the
steps, directions, or procedures to follow?
Signal words/Transition words: First, second, third, next, Then, after, Before, prior to,
Not long after, Following, Finally, At last.
Example: Making Peanut Butter and Jelly Sandwich
First, get materials. Second, Take out bread. Spread peanut butter. And then also spread
jelly. Lastly, you combine the two.
Thank you for listening.
God bless

Gleaning Information Using Text Structure

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Gleaning Information Using Text Structure

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Gleaning Information Using Text Structure

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Gleaning Information Using Text

Objectives: 1. Identify types of text structure.

Before learning the text structure, they should have a working

Signal words/Transition words:

It answers the question: How do the ideas convince the readers?

Signal words/Transition words:

You might also like