m1 Assessment Indigenous Comm

By:
PARENAS, PAUL ISAAC

MANDAYA
SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

MANDAYA
FROM THE ROOT WORD
MAN - FIRST
DAYA – UPSTREAM or UPLAND
PHYSICAL

FEATURES
• HIGH FOREHEADS
• PROMINENT CHEEKBONES
• BROAD NOSES
• THICK LIPS
• ANGULAR FEATURES
• GENERALLY FAIR
FIVE PRINCIPAL GROUPS
OF MANDAYA
MANSAKA - MOUNTAIN CLEARINGS

MANWAGA – FORESTED MOUNTAIN AREAS
PAGSUPAN – SWAMPY BANKS OF THE

TAGUM AND HIJO RIVERS
MANAGUSAN – NEAR THE WATER
DIVAVAOGAN – SOUTHERN AND WESTERN

PARTS OFF THE COMPOSTELA
HISTORY
The Indonesions who came to the Philippines
in a series of immigration waves from 3000 BC to
500 BC, intermarried with native women and begot
the Manobo of eastern Mindanao

The Malays who migrated to the Philippines
between 300 to 200 BC through Palawan and
Mindoro, intermarried the Manobo and begot the
Mandaya.
The Chinese came in the 13th Century and

through intermarriage contributed further the racial
development of the Mandaya.
HISTORY
The Mandaya are a peace-loving yet bold ethnic
group who helped shape Philippine history in the South,
but became almost unrecognizable as they rose to
prominence.

The first province in Mindanao, the old Caraga, had
its capital in the town of Caraga in present-day Davao
Oriental. This town was populated by the Mandaya,
particularly its subgroup called the Kalagan, Caraga in
Spanish (hence the name of the town and the province).
After over 2 years of resistance, many Mandaya

converted to Chriatianity, and mixed with the Bisaya
migrants who had settled the lowlands.
HISTORY
After the province of Davao was established in
1849, descendants of the Mandaya rose to power as
renowned politicians. At this point, however, they
were not known as Mandaya, but were called
Davawenyo. The Davawenyo were Mandaya who

were Christianized and acculturated.
To this day, many Mandaya refer to themselves

as Davawenyo, instead of ‘Mandaya’, which can be
used as a derogatory term that means “uneducated
people from the hills.”
TRADITIONAL
LOCATION

THEY ARE LOCATED AT DAVAO
ORIENTAL, CONCENTRATED IN THE
MUNICIPALITIES OF CARAGA, MANAY,
CATEEL, LUPON, TARRAGONA.
THE CONCENTRATION OF THEIR

SETTLEMENT WHICH STILL EXISTS TODAY,
IS AT THE HEART OF DAVAO ORIENTAL
PARTICULARLY BAGANGA, CARAGA, AND
CATEEL.
LOCATION
TRADITIONAL

BELIEFS
Original Religion: Animism or Animistic
Mix of traditional Catholicism with their own

indigenous beliefs and practices

According to Spanish missionaries, the
Manadaya consented to be converted only if their
beliefs and custom would not be interfered.
High respect for nature they perceive the world

based on their twofold belief of nature as governed
by both good spirits (tagamaling) and evil spirits
(busaw)
CULTURE
Mandaya embodies sophistication in tribal
Philippine culture. While tribal designs can be too
busy and all over the place, the Mandaya observes
an elegant discipline in their intricate designs.

Weaving is a craft that the Mandaya are excellent at.
They are very close to their families,

Christianized Mandaya still retain some of the past
beliefs creating a syncretic form of religion.
CULTURE
STAGES OF MANDAYA MARRIAGE
1. PAKASAYOD – means to learn or to discover

2. PAMUKA OR KAGON – both families of the

boy and the girl meet for the second time
3. PAGTAWAS
4. KASAMONGAN – both families meet to set
the date of the marriage
5. PAGTULOD DA, PAGTULOD – it is goodbye
now
ATTIRE
Considered by many as among the most beautiful in
Mindanao
Characterized by block designs, line patterns,

rick racks, scrolls, curvilinear motifs, and diamonds
and crosses

They use DAGMAY as their cloth.
WOMEN: DAGUM
ATTIRE

ATTIRE
MEN: DAGUM NANG USOG

CRAFTS
BALYUG - type of necklace which covers the
breast, and made of tiny glass beads sewn in several
rounds with silver coins or crocodile teeth serving
as ornaments.

ARTWORKS
BAYOK - a highly tonal art of delivering
messages in the form of figurative speeches,
passages, and even euphemism usually done in
pairs and in continuous answering pattern. Like a

debate, each of the bayok artist stands on opposite
sides.
Bayok chanting is indispensable in important

celebration and events like proposal for marriage.
settlement of conflicts, welcoming of visitors and
also in common merrymaking.
LANGUAGE
Mandaya language belongs to the Austronesian,
Malayo-Polynesion linguistic genealogy which is
still spoken by the pureblooded Mandaya in
Baganga, Boston, Caraga, Cateel and Manay
(Davao Oriental); Compostela (Compostela Valley);

and Lingig (Surigao del Sur)
2 CATEGORIES
1. Original Mandaya Language - pureblooded
Mandaya in the Mountains
2. Kamayo or Neo-Mandaya - lingua franca of
Davao Oriental, spoken by both pureblooded
and mestizo Mandaya
LANGUAGE
EXAMPLE

BAYHO KAW NG KUDING
=
MUKHA KANG PUSA
USOG AKO
=
AKO AY LALAKI
THINGS THAT THEY
ARE KNOWN FOR
They are famous for their distinctive dress and
ornamentation.
Beadworks and silver craft on body ornaments
marks this group as one of the most noteworthy of
Philippine indigenous peoples in terms of art.

INTERESTING
FACTS

WHEN A MANDAYA DIES DUE TO GETTING
KILLED BY AN OPONENT THEIR BODIES
ARE LEFT RECLINING ON A TREE TO ROT
SOURCES
Ompang, M. The Mandaya Ethnic Group. Retrieved from: https://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-
3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-cultural-communities-and-traditional-arts- sccta/central-cultural-
communities/the-mandaya-ethnic-
group/#:~:text=The%20intimate%20belief%20of%20the,of%20nature%2C%20spiri ts%20and
%20man.&text=Undoubtedly%2C%20the%20Mandaya%20have%20one,a %20syncretic%20form%20of

%20religion. last March 09, 2022
Nimfa, M. Mandaya-Tribe. Retrieved from: https://www.academia.edu/24515988/Mandaya-Tribe last March 09,

2022
GOVPH. Peoples of the Philippines: Mandaya. Retrieved from: https://ncca.gov.ph/about-

culture-and-arts/culture-profile/glimpses-peoples-of-the-philippines/mandaya/ last March 09, 2022
Ampongol, D. (2014). Mandaya Ethnic Tribe. Retrieved from:

https://www.slideshare.net/deiibeiineii/mandaya-ethnic-tribe last March 09, 2022
THANK YOU

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By:

PARENAS, PAUL ISAAC

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

MANSAKA - MOUNTAIN CLEARINGS

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

PAGSUPAN – SWAMPY BANKS OF THE

MANAGUSAN – NEAR THE WATER

DIVAVAOGAN – SOUTHERN AND WESTERN

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

The Chinese came in the 13th Century and

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

After over 2 years of resistance, many Mandaya

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

To this day, many Mandaya refer to themselves

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

THE CONCENTRATION OF THEIR

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

Mix of traditional Catholicism with their own

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

High respect for nature they perceive the world

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

They are very close to their families,

1. PAKASAYOD – means to learn or to discover

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

Characterized by block designs, line patterns,

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

MEN: DAGUM NANG USOG

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

Bayok chanting is indispensable in important

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

Nimfa, M. Mandaya-Tribe. Retrieved from: https://www.academia.edu/24515988/Mandaya-Tribe last March 09,

GOVPH. Peoples of the Philippines: Mandaya. Retrieved from: https://ncca.gov.ph/about-

Ampongol, D. (2014). Mandaya Ethnic Tribe. Retrieved from:

SSO85 – Philippine indigenous Communities

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